Drivetest

Tools
Mobile TEMS Pocket W600i
GPS
Compass
Inverter input 12V, Output 220 V ac, 400 W
TEMS Software 7.1.1 Data Collection
TEMS Software 7.1.1 Route Analisys
Map Info








Work Process
Collect
OMC Parameter
Database
RF Network Design
Cell File (TEMS)
And
Dot Tab Site (mapinfo)
Drive Test
Measurements
Analysis Programs
Coverage
Dropped Calls
Call Setup Success
Handover Perf.
Speech Quality
General Check
Verification of
RF Network Design
Site Check
Test Mobile Measurements
Collect RxLev measurements together with GPS co-ordinates
Analyse on planning tool
Reasons for poor coverage:
serving cell not best server
handover problems
best server signal low
check site / network design
Analyse in terms of relevant
thresholds:
indoor level
in-car level
outdoor level
Test Types
Continuous drive test
setup a test call and drive over an area for detecting lack of
coverage, missing handovers, interferences etc.
Spot test
detail measurement to be taken at dedicated problem spots for
detail analyzing of specific problem
Collect / Analyse Drive Test Measurements
Test measurement (TEMS etc. together with a GPS)
Signal Strength
Co-channel and adjacent interference
Handover relations

Test types
Continuos drive test (Trace mode)
Spot test
Network performance test (Statistical mode)

Test Measurement
Collect MS measurement report data (Downlink only!!)
Coverage: Analysis for Fulfilment of Coverage
Requirements (Urban, rural ...
areas, outdoor, in-car, indoor)
Dropped Call: Analysis for Dropped Calls due to
Interference, SW/HW failures,
Transmission Network Failures
Call Setup: Analysis for Blocking and Capacity
Limitations, Analysis for Resource
Allocation Procedures
Handover: Analysis for Efficient Handover
Performance
Speech Quality: Analysis for Interference
Analysis Programs
Dropped Call Analysis
How to measure
drive tests
repeated call setups (preferred)
continuous calls
OMC measurements
Reasons for dropped calls
lack of coverage
interference problems
handover problems
lack of synchronisation in network
problems with other parts of the network
Call Setup Analysis
Reasons for failed call setups
lack of coverage
database problems
database inconsistencies
parameter settings, e.g.
RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN, RACHBT,
RACH_MAX_RETRANS
cell reselection related parameters
network congestion
Handover Parameters
Fine-tuning of handover parameters
Moving cell boundaries in order to
Enhance success rate for critical handovers
Minimise local interference at the cell edge
Traffic load sharing between cells
Compared to other opimisation measures improvement potential
is limited
Affected by
Measurement averaging
Power control parameters
PS! Neighbours
should in general
be mutual
Speech Quality Analysis
Parameters
RxQual
Frame Erasure Rate (FER)
Speech Quality Index (SQI)
Measurements
Drive test
preferably continuous
call
OMC statistics
Cause for poor quality
low signal strength
(coverage related
interference
low signal strength and
interference
Causes of interference
co-channel interference
adjacent channel
interference
intermodulation
mainly on one link only
multipath interference
Location Area Codes
Purpose
identify location area
in incoming call is paged to all BTSs within LA
Large location area
advantage: less location updates (reduced SDCCH load)
disadvantage: more paging traffic
Boundaries should not cross high traffic areas
Cell reselection across LA boundaries
Parameter Cell_Reselect_Hysteresis (typ. 4 dB) used to avoid
unnecessary signalling due to ping-pong cell reselections
Problem Symptoms
Reporting (example)
Advantages over test drives
Less labor intensive and time consuming
More comprehensive, based on large number of users
not limited to time of test drive
Uplink and Downlink analysis possible
Subscriber behavior mix of outdoor, indoor, incar use


FINE
TUNING
Digital Tilt Meter
GPS
Compass
Spanner
Screw Driver Set
Safety Belt
Adjustable Wrench
Cutting Pliers
Mesuring Tape
Safety Shoe
Map Info
Map Source
Google Earth
Tools
Antenna Configuration
General points to check
antenna type, e.g.
omni
directional 60, 90 or 120 degrees
electrical downtilt
cross-polarised
antenna azimuth angle (for directional antennae)
coverage targets
antenna tilt angle
electrical + mechanical
diversity & isolation
e.g. space diversity,
polarisation diversity

Site Check
Verify that site is implemented according to plan
Check installation e.g.
antenna spacing (diversity, isolation)
antennae in one sector are installed in the same plane
antennae alignment
omni antenna installation
cable installation
k1
Rx
Tx
Rxd
k2 k2
Omni
Antenna Fine Tuning
Horizontal Plane:
Possible coverage weakness between sectors
Interference reduction
Traffic load distribution
Vertical Plane:
Interference reduction
Possible coverage weakness in the short to medium distance
range
Traffic load distribution
Omni vs. Sectorised
OMNI cells - more difficult to optimise
Electrical downtilt possible, however
same for entire cell
Parameters same for entire cell
Directional antennae
narrower beam easier to control interference
tilting less efficient with wider beams
Sectorised cell site with different
downtilt angles
Tilting
Antenna downtilt often used to minimise interference
Minimum: Vertical mail lobe pointing at cell edge
BS
h
Maximum: First null angle pointing at cell edge
0 0
Electrical
Mechanical
Advantages:
Better back lobe characteristics
Better lower side lobe characteristics
Disadvantages:
Antennas are more expensive
Tilting
Electrical vs. Mechanical downtilt
A combination of
mechanical / electrical
downtilt may be used
Reporting (example)
thanks