By

B.Manish.Reddy
What is a quantum computer?

A quantum computer is a machine that
performs calculations based on the laws of
quantum mechanics
1.History
2.About Moors Law
3.Explanation about qbit
4.Quntam circuits
5. Benefits of quantum computing
6. Projected Risks\Disadvantages of Quantum
Computing
7. Todays Quantum Computers
8. Conclusion




1982 - Feynman proposed the idea of creating machines based
on the laws of quantum mechanics instead of the laws of classical
physics
1985 - David Deutsch developed the quantum turing machine,
showing that quantum circuits are universal.
1994 - Peter Shor came up with a quantum algorithm to factor very
large numbers in polynomial time.
Moores law would not be obeyed if there is no shift from classical
computing to quntum computing
As the no of transistors increase it would become difficult to fabricate them
and at a stage it would be impossible as the space reduces
A bit is the basic unit of almost every modern
computer system. The word bit is a contraction of the
term binary digit.
It is eighter 0 or 1
1 for positive voltage
0 for neagitive voltage

What is a qbit?
A qubit is a quantum bit , the counterpart in quantum computing to the binary
digit or bit of classical computing. Just as a bit is the basic unit of information in
a classical computer, a qubit is the basic unit of information in a quantum
computer .

Electrons rotate around the newcleus depending on the charge

Classical computational gates are Boolean logic gates that perform
manipulations of the information stored in the bits.


In quantum computing these gates are represented by matrices, and can be
visualized as rotations of the quantum state on the Bloch sphere.

One feature of quantum gates that distinguishes them from classical
gates is that they are reversible: the inverse of a unitary matrix is also
a unitary matrix, and thus a quantum gate can always be inverted by
another quantum gate
Quantum circuits are similar to classical computer circuits in that they
consist of wires and logical gates. The wires are used to carry the information,
while the gates manipulate it (note that the wires do not correspond to
physical wires; they may
Quantum Circuits
correspond to a physical particle, a
photon, moving from one location to
another in space, or even to time-
evolution). Conventionally, the input of
the quantum circuit is assumed to be a
computational basis state, usually the
state consisting of all. The output state
of the circuit is then measured in the
computational basis, or in any other
arbitrary orthonormal basis. The first
quantum algorithms (i.e. Deutsch-Jozsa,
Simon, Shor and Grover) were
constructed in this paradigm. Additional
paradigms for
quantum computing exist today that differ from the quantum circuit model in many
interesting ways. So far, however, they all have been demonstrated to be
computationally equivalent to the circuit model, in the sense that any
computational problem that can be solved by the circuit model can be solved by
these new models with only a polynomial overhead in computational resources.
D-WAVE Quantum Processor
A 30 bit quantum computer is power full than the wolds most advanced supper
computer
A 300 bit quantum computer is power full than the computers In the
world joined together

Quantum Computation : increase in computing power
Utilizing quantum parallelism, quantum computers will well serve the
purpose of performing difficult mathematical calculations that are
impossible using semiconductor computers
Artificial Intelligence
The theories of quantum computation suggest that every physical object, even the
universe, is in some sense a quantum computer. Ultimately this suggests that
computers will be capable of simulating conscious rational thought, maybe the
quantum computer will be the key to achieving true artificial intelligence.
Security
It is like an hydrogen bomb in the hands of hackers as
they can break any security key and criptographic data
Artificial intligence
As the meashines are given more power than a human it is of great risck
Algorithms are harder to desgn when compared to normal algorithms
1998 Los Alamos and MIT researchers managed to spread a single qubit
across three nuclear spins in each molecule of a liquid solution of alanine (an
amino acid used to analyze quantum state decay) or trichloroethylene (a
chlorinated hydrocarbon used for quantum error correction) molecules.

2007 Canadian startup company D-Wave
demonstrated a 16-qubit quantum computer. The
computer solved a Sudoku puzzle and other pattern
matching problems.
On May 11, 2011, D-Wave Systems announced the D-Wave One, an integrated
quantum computer system running on a 128 qubit processor. The processor
used in the D-Wave One code-named "Rainier", performs a single mathematical
operation named Discrete optimization. Rainier uses a process called quantum
annealing to solve optimization problems. The D-Wave One is claimed to be the
world's first commercially available quantum computer system.The cost will be
approximately $10,000,000= rupees 650000000
What comes after Quantum Computing ?

Scientists claim that computers can now be
stored in carbon-based beings, within DNA.
Scientists have long known that DNA could
store information. But only when Charles
Bennett, in 1973, drew attention to the
computational capability that is responsible
for processing genetic information in DNA did
researchers begin to recognize the potential of
a biological computer.
However, DNA computing is based
on the foundation of quantum computing :
ability to manipulate atoms.

DNA molecule
Conclusion

Although the future of quantum computing looks promising, we have
only just taken our first steps to actually realizing a quantum computer. There
are many hurdles which need to be overcome before we can begin to
appreciate the benefits they may deliver. Researchers around the world are
racing to be the first to achieve a practical system, a task which some scientists
think is futile..
In comparison the progress in quantum communications has been
somewhat more fruitful. Companies like D-vave have actually achieved
working
Nothing is impossible
Think different
Thank
you