Mara Jos Rincn Ochoa

Cristian Camilo Lpez Zuleta

2 General Approaches of Teaching
Pronunciation
AN INTUITIVE IMITATIVE
APPROACH
AN ANALYTIC LINGUISTIC
APPROACH
OTHER LANGUAGE
TEACHING METHODS
TIMELINE
P
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O
G
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A
P
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R
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C
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R
D
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TAPE RECORDS
COMPACT DISCS
AUDIO AND VIDEO
CASSETTES
INTUITIVE IMITATIVE
APPROACH
A PHONETIC ALPHABET
CHARTS OF THE VOCAL
APPARATUS
ANALYTIC LINGUISTIC
APPROACH
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
READING - BASED APPROACHES
The teaching of pronunciation is largely irrelevant.
Late1800s
& early 1900s
1940s
& 1950s
1960s 1970s 1980s
DIRECT METHOD
THE REFORM MOVEMENT
U.S.A AUDIOLINGUALISM
BRITAIN ORAL APPROACH
COGNITIVE APPROACH
THE SILENT WAY
COMUNITY LANGUAGE LEARNING
COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH
DIRECT METHOD AND MORE RECENT
NATURALISTIC APPROACHES
DIRECT METHOD
- Foreign language instructions.
- Pronunciation is taught through:
Intuition and Imitation

NATURALISTIC APPROACHES
- Includes comprenhension methods.
- Successors to direct method.


THE REFORM MOVEMENT
It was influenced by phoneticians such as:
Wilhelm Vitor
Henry Sweet
Paul Passy
THE
INTERNATIONAL
PHONETIC
ALPHABET





NOTIONS AND
PRACTICES
RECOMMENDED
BY THE
PHONETICIANS
The International Phonetic Alphabet
NOTIONS AND PRACTICES
RECOMMENDED BY THE PHONETICIANS:
1. The spoken form of a language is primary
and should be taught first.

2. The findings of phonetics should be applied
to language teaching.

3. Teachers must have solid training in
phonetics.

4. Learners should be given phonetic training
to establish good speech habits.
U.S.A AUDIOLINGUALISM
BRITAIN ORAL APPROACH

Pronunciation is very
important.

Minimal Pair Drill
The teacher model a sound/word/
utterance
The students imitate or repeat
THE MINIMAL PAIR DRILL
Phoneme as a minimally
distinctive sound.

The teacher asks individual students to read the lists without a model
Guides Oral Production
read down column A, then B read across the columns
Listening
Same or different? A or B
COGNITIVE APPROACH
Influenced by transformational
generative grammar and cognitive
psychology.

THE SILENT WAY
Compare with Audiolingualism.

The Teacher.

The Sound Color Chart.

The Set of Fidel Wall Charts.


accuracy of production of sounds &
structures from the initial stage
individual sounds stressed
focused on how words combine in phrases
sharpen learners inner criteria for accurate
production
Same
the silent way learner focused on the sound
system without phonetic alphabet
Difference
HOW DOES THE SILENCE WAY WORK IN
TERMS OF TEACHING PRONUNCIATION?
COMMUNITY LANGUAGE
LEARNING
For teaching second and foreign languages.

Rooted in the humanistic client centered
learning exemplified by Carl Rogers.

A typical lesson in a CLL classroom proceeds
as follows.

CLL TOOLS.
students sit around a table with a tape
recorder
the counselor stands behind one of the
students
the counselor speak reassuringly
the counselor asks students say
something that they want to speak in
the target language
utterance is then provided by the
teacher, the students repeat
when students produce fluently, it is
recorded on tape
the utterance are played back
the students match it with
translation provided by the
counselor
the teacher asks if students need
more practices
if yes, the counselor stands behind
the students who requests
the teacher engaged as human
computer- turn on/off at will by
the student
THE AUDIO TAPE RECORDER
THE HUMAN COMPUTER
TECHNIQUE
COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH
The primary purpose of language is
communication.

Bring renewed urgency
to the teaching of
pronunciation.

Not to make them sounds
like native speakers.

Is to enable learners to
surpass the threshold level.



1. Foreign Teaching Assistant
2. Foreign Born Technical
4. Refugees
3. International Business
People and Diplomats


5. Teacher of English as a
Foreign Language
6.People in non english speaking
contries

How can teachers
improve the
pronunciation of
unintelligible speakers
of English so that they
become intelligible?
Reviewing the kinds of techniques
and practice materials
Listen and imitate
Phonetic training
Minimal pair drills
Contextualized minimal pairs
visual aids
tongue twisters
Developmental approximation drills
Practice of vowel shifts and stress shifts related
by affixation
Reading aloud/recitation
Recordings of learners production
A short term pronunciation course
should focus first and foremost on
suprasegmentals as they have the
greatest impact on the comprehensibility
of the learners English. We hace found
that giving priority to the suprasegmental
aspects of English not only improves
learners comprehensibility but ir also less
frustrating for students because greater
change can be effected in a short time.

McNerney and Mendelsohn