Attachments in Beggs Technique-Ortho / Orthodontic Courses by Indian Dental Academy

Attachments & Auxiliaries In Beggs
Technique Description & Application

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INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
THE BEGG TECHNIQUE

-an unique approach to ortho Rx.

-Designed to permit teeth to move
towards their anatomically correct
position in jaws under the influence of
very light forces.
- Light i.o force no undue strain on anchor

- currents of mesial migration on large post. teeth
rapid tooth movement in presence of round
arch wire & narrow brackets.

- Permits the teeth to move independently of
one another
tipping freely in early stages
detailed root positioning in final stages.
Historical background
Raymond begg
used Ribbon arch appliance at Angles
school before he returned to Australia in
nov. 1925.

Working independently in Adelaide he
adopted
ext
n
was often necessary
original ribbon arch brackets but turned
them upside down, slot facing gingivally

Replaced precious metal rectangular wire with
high st. 0.016 s.s wire (A.J. Wilcock)

Added auxiliary springs to control root position.

In resultant appliance friction was
minimized
small contact area between bracket & wire
small force of wire against bracket.
Attachments used in Beggs
Technique are

Brackets & lock pins
Bands
Molar tubes
Ball end Hooks
Lingual Attachments
The primary function of attachments
-transmit forces of activation from wires &
elastics to teeth & transmit forces of tissue
resistance back to wires & elastics.

This depends upon
- functional design
- limitations inherent to their location on, &
orientation to, the crown.
Design of Bracket & Tubes

The design of the attach. on all teeth except
molar must permit free crown tipping by aw
& e during first 2 stages & also permit root
tipping by auxiliaries used with aw & e
during 3
rd
stage.

Molar tube must provide that molars can be
placed & maintained in upright position
without tipping or rotation.
Brackets
Main attachment
Modified ribbon arch brackets - slots facing
gingivally ( narrow brackets permit free
tipping in all the direction)
It has a slot to carry the arch wire and a
vertical slot to carry the lock pin to hold wire

Requirements for a light wire bracket
Ease of arch wire engagement
Mean to guide both tail and head
of lock pin.
Positive retention of arch wire in
all 3 stages.
Free tipping and sliding of arch wire.
Ability to effect and hold rotations.
Ability to prevent accidental tipping in
stage 3.
Facility to use spring pins or rotation
springs with by-pass clamps.
Should not deform under occlusal load
Maximum comfort
.015
.020
.
0
4
5

.122
.
1
2
5

Dimensions - (TP 256 )
Depth of slot- 0.020
Height of slot -0.045
Base dim. -.122x.125
Pin slot dim. 0.020
s.s sheath thickness-
0.015
Classification of brackets
According to constitution
Metallic (stainless steel)
bondable
weld able
Non Metallic (Aesthetic)
plastic
ceramic
According to placement
Labial
Lingual
According to anatomical bases
Flat
Curved

Bondable brackets may have jigs for positioning
ranging height from 31/2 to 41/2 mm.
Metallic brackets
Strength -must be made of good quality s.s sheets
of minimum thickness 0.015
slot depth must not exceed 0.022
for rotational control

Weld able bracket can be welded on band it can be
with flat base or curved base

For bondable brackets
strong union of bonding mesh with the
proper base by way of brazing is essential,
done without obliterating mesh holes.
Mesh
Mini mesh (TP 256 -050)-
smallest base available
same size of bracket
more esthetic

Super mini mesh (TP 256-150) -larger
than mini mesh
extends slightly beyond the
bracket base
more bonding surface
Esthetic brackets

Plastic brackets
Made of polycarbonates
Available in tooth color or crystal clear plastic
Flat for centrals
Curved for cuspids & bicuspids
Ceramic brackets
Esthetic bracket
Ceramaflex II 256 begg(TP labs) having
all unique feature of metal brackets
Polycrystalline alumina manuf. by injection
molding. Base is polycarbonate for easy
debonding.
Slots are formed during molding not milled
so resist to stress cracks.

Pins modified pins s.s/brass and nylon
pins (for nylon pins bending special
heating device nylon lock pin iron
button)

Stage III mini up righting springs, ni ti
tourquing bars

Anatomical bases

Flat base for incisors

Bracket flange and base curved for cuspid &
bicuspid lack rotational control

Bracket flange flat and base curved provide
maximum rotational control
Clockwise brackets
anticlockwise brackets
Other types of brackets
LTD limited tipping design brackets
With built in torque Kameda brackets
Combination brackets
Tip edge brackets

Lock pins - essential to hold the wire in bracket &
allows the force to be transmitted from arch wire &
elastics to teeth.
Made from soft s.s or brass (nylon for ceramic)
must be soft to permit easy bending close to bracket
vertical wall

Types of lock pins
One point safety lock pin
Used during first stage with 0.016 wire
shoulder on labial surface of head
Beveled under surface tipping(35% more)
Lab-lin width of pin in slot area is 0.024 so
rotational control with 0.016 wire
Available plain or with brake- off notch
Second stage Safety lock pins
Shoulder on labial surface of head ensure
free mesiodistal tipping
Lab-lin width of pin(0.020) reduced 0.004
as compare to stage 1 pins to permit use
with 0.018or 0.020 inch wire
Available with brake- off notch
Hook pins
Used on all teeth that do not req. m-d tipping
Absence of Shoulder and hook shape permits
positive locking of arch wire and auxiliaries
in 3
rd
stage.
Hold to use wire against bracket in ant. tooth
with rotating spring.
High hat pins
Pin with an extension on head to readily
accept vertical or cross elastics
Can be used in any stage

Super high hat
Indicated for fixation the segments with
elastics following surgery

T pins
Lock pin with broad head that controls the
mesiodistal inclination of tooth
Normally used in 3
rd
stage to replace
deactivated m-d springs as a mean of m-d
stability
Can be used to limit free tipping in any stage.

Types
Universal T pins (s.s) has lingual hook to retain
arch wire with slight pressure head takes a set to
hold the tooth at any angle

Original T pins (s.s or brass)
90, 10 left & 10 right

Ceramaflex pins
modified pins
Used with ceramic brackets
Bulkier than its metallic version
s.s/brass and nylon pins
For nylon pins bending special heating
device nylon lock pin iron button

Lingual pin
To lock the wire in bracket during stage 3 when
plain uprighting springs are used.

Spring pin
A combination of safety lock pin and uprighting
spring
Eliminates the need for ligating the arch wire
to the bracket
Bands
Although bonding has replaced the banding there
are number of indication
Teeth that will receive heavy intermittent forces
against attach. e.g.. Molar
Teeth req. both labial & lingual attach.
Teeth with short clinical crown
Tooth surface incompatible to bonding
Although there are exceptions, the rule
in cotemporary orthodontics
Anteriors bonded
Premolars bonded or banded depending
upon height of c .crown & need for lingual
attach.
molars pref. banding
Dimensions of bands commonly used
Molars
0.006 x 0.18 or 0.006 x 0.20
Bicuspids
0.004 x 0.15 or 0.005 x 0.15
Anteriors
0.004 x 0.125 or 0.003 x 0.125

Bands
can be custom made or preformed (with or
without attach.)
Molar tubes
Designed to permit free m-d sliding of arch wire
free distolingual tipping of anterior teeth

Tubes weld able, solder able or bondable
with hook or without hook
with vertical slot (uprighting springs)
2 to 6 degree distolingual offset tubes are
also available

Types of molar tubes
Round
dim-0.036inside diameter x0.25 long
Placed on buccal surface 1st p molar
Convertible round tube
Dim. Of regular round tube
By placing an insert the internal diameter changed
from 0.036 to 0.021 to reduce the play between
wire & tube during stage 3

Flat oval tube
Dim- 0.027 x 0.50 internal diameter, 0.200 long,
when 1
st
p molar is missing used on 2
nd
molar
(smaller root).
Also used in mandibular arch on 1
st
permanent
molar when man-2
nd
pm is missing.

Interchangeable tube
permits switching from a double back arch
wire to a straight back arch wire with out loosing
mechanical advantage and change of tube

End tab

Combination tube
Consist of gingival round tube 0.036diametre x
6.2mm long & rectangular (ribbon) occlusal
tube 0.025x 0.018 dia x 5.5 mm long
used when finishing is done by rectangular
wire.

Additional round tube
Placed on molars for engaging lip bumpers,
head gears, EVVA (Experimental fixed
appliance activator) etc.
Placed gingival to main tube except for
EVVA appliance (occlusal)

Ball end hook
For the hook less tube ball end hook is placed
at the mesial end of molar tube with free end
directed gingivally and distally.
Prevents rotation of molars as
compared to elastic attached to distal end.
Especially useful in short clinical crown.
Increased patient cooperation.

Lingual attachments
Lingual button or cleat
Placed on lingual surface of teeth for
attachment of c. elastics, e. thread, wire
ligature
Placed on m-d center unless severe crowding
is present or tooth is rotated
can be bondable or weld able

Lingual cleats are used instead of button
because they provide greater versatility for
attachment of elastics.
Cleats are not rigid, so adjustable
continue to retain elastic as teeth changes its
position
Low profile can be flattened if impinge on tongue.
In case of tongue thrusting one leg can be
projected
Welding flange is thin and flexible no distort
lingual surface of band

Disadv. occasionally irritates tongue, may distort by
chewing force
Cleat Lug
Made from heavier metal
Placed lingually in gingival 1/3 of molar band
Can bear good pressure
Facilitate proper pushing of bands at their proper
places
Hooks for elastics
lingual side can be placed vertically (free
end extending gingivally) for cross
elastics
For applying elastics or e. thread for
rotational movement.
Seating lug hook
Has flat or curved bases
Can be used on lingual surfaces on all teeth
Used for placement of elastics and for easy insertion
and removal of band
Lingual sheath
This is used to put auxiliaries like
expanders or TPA
Internal diameter 0.036
By pass clamps
Provide a simple means of loosely connecting an arch
wire to buccal surface of bracket.
Ordinarily used on bicuspids
Permit vertical & rotational control during
post. space closure
Nor. not used in stage I
Two levels of attachment are possible.

C clamp (Lyman Wagers , 1967 , JCO)

Provide a simple means of loosely connecting an
arch wire to buccal surface of bracket.
Ordinarily used on bicuspids
Made from .018 wire.
can be placed on bands prior to
their cementation in the mouth.

Placement of Attachment
Brackets placement
Height
4mm from incisal edge except
l.i 3.5 mm
M-D centre of tooth (on rotated
tooth slight off centre 1
mm closure to the proximal
surface that is rotated
towards lingual)
Brackets are placed on these heights

Size of torquing auxiliaries for hygienic consideration

Mechanics permits generation of an adequate
moment (intrusive force) for proper m/f ratio in
achieving controlled tipping in first stage
If distance is less chances of occlusal
interference and/or bracket displacement

If distance is , diff. to maintain dental arch
length and rotations because arch wire will be
below the contact area between the teeth.

Bracket placement on fractured teeth
If deep # bracket may be placed inverted so that
slot is still at 4 mm .
If shallow #it may be trimmed down and bracket is
placed from that surface

If cupid to be used as lateral incisor tip may be
reduced prior to bonding
Lingual buttons & cleats
positioned directly opp. To
area of arch wire
engagement
To permit free m-d tipping &
uprighting
Buccal tubes
From buccal mesial end of tube
is in line with centre of mb
cusp

Mandibular tube should be
placed as gingivally as
possible to keep arch wire
away from occlusal plane.

Elastic hook
positioned so that the elastic
will pull from a point as
near to the center of crown
as possible
Power arms
Used for selective maxillary incisor intrusion to
minimize gummy smile in cases of VME
Deep bite cases where molar extrusion in bite opening
is undesirable.
To avoid canting of plane during Rx
Reduce torque req. on incisors

0.017x 0.025 or large size wire,
5-7 mm in length,
Follow contour of alveolus.
Soldered to band just above the molar
tube.

Auxiliaries Used in Beggs technique
It is indicated and possible with Begg tech. to employ
multidirectional forces simultaneously for axial
correction of teeth.

The inherent design of attachments used in tech.
allows for use of auxiliaries in conjunction with main
arch wire.

It is through the effective use of auxiliaries that the
axial position of teeth are controlled.
Classification
Auxiliaries used in stage I
-Rotation springs
-Mollenhauers Aligning Auxiliary (MAA)

Auxiliaries used in stage II
- Braking Auxiliaries
Passive uprighting springs,
Torquing Auxiliaries (2 spur,4 spur, reverse torque,
reciprocal torque, MAA),
T pins,
Combination wires

-MAA
-Rotation springs
- Mini uprighting springs

Auxiliaries used in stage III
-Root tipping auxiliaries
Mesiodistal uprighting springs
Mini uprighting springs

- Root torquing auxiliaries
Two spur auxiliary
Four spur auxiliary
Pre-wound auxiliary
Reciprocal torquing auxiliary
Reverse torquing auxiliary
Kitchton torquing auxiliary
Universal torquing auxiliary
Torque Bars
Rotation springs
Most efficient & versatile (no lig. attach. Req.) mean
0.014 & 0.016
Vertical leg inserted in bracket slot from gingival
side, holding activating arm perpand. to labial
surface, 2 bends in vertical leg, hook the lever
arm over arch wire

Necessary to securely connect to arch wire
hook pin for ant., bypass clamps for bicuspid
tooth may go lingually
Once tooth is rotated to desired position, ligated to
adjacent tooth or archwire or pinned in arch wire.

Problems
Should not be used more than 6 weeks (2 point
contact) restrict free mesiodistal tipping
Exerts more lateral force on arch wire move the
molar more readily than less powerful elastic thread
ties

Mollenhauers Aligning Auxiliary (MAA)
In the classic Begg philosophy crown tipping &
root movements- totally bifurcated, because
Root movement in early stages- loss of anchorage
Lingual root tip of incisor extrusion of incisor
and bite deepening
MAA attempts root control from the very
beginning without significantly affecting
anchorage & intrusion
This is possible by using stiff base wire
(0.018 premium plus) & ultra light force
from MAA (0.009 supreme).
Development of MAA
Mollenhauer rectangles made in 0.010 wire for
reciprocal torque on adjacent incisors (SPECS) too
heavy force

In 1984, on request of Mollenhauer , A. J. Wilcock
made 0.009 supreme wire

Initially he used it similar to niti or co-axial wire.

Later boxed aux. named
An Aligning auxiliary for ribbon arch bracket.
Requirements of MAA
Must generate very light root moving forces

when reciprocal torque is required with the
adjacent rectangle must not diverge by more
than 45
0

Auxiliary should resist deformation (resilient
supreme grade pulse straighten wire)

Base wire should be able to resist vertical and
transverse reactive forces from MAA
For lingual root torque
Mollenhauer engaged
MAA first & base arch
wire piggy back

but rectangles lift away
from the tooth surface.
So, Thickest possible
pins (ceramaflex) used.


ADVANTAGES OF MAA
simultaneous intrusion and retraction of incisors
of rapid bodily alignment of anterior teeth with
gentle forces
Stable results
Reciprocablility of torquing forces on instanding
laterals or palatally placed canines.
Periodontal advantages gingival dehiscences
associated with prolonged labial root torquing is
eliminated
Short stage three
Possibility of growing cortical bone at point A &
point B.

Various applications of MAA
bodily alignment of crowded teeth

To apply labial root torque on lower incisors in
growing brachyfacial cases.

Can also be used for labial root torque on upper
incisors in class III cases.

By bending more +ve Torque as a
braking mechanism

For controlling mesio-distal tipping (MAA
tip)

Modification of MAA
With available pins holding down the boxes for
lingual root torque was difficult. So, torquing
action of MAA is directly applied on gingival
surface of teeth. For this base wire is engaged
first and MAA is engaged piggy back.
When reciprocal root torque is required on
adjacent teeth the concerned box rides
over the main arch wire with a cross over
band and pressed against the incisor
surface of the crown

Braking auxiliaries in minimum anchorage cases
where extractions were performed there is need to
prevent the anterior from over retracting. This can
be done by
Passive uprighting springs
(made in 0.018 wire)
Torquing auxiliaries (2 spur, 4 spur, reciprocal
torquing aux., reverse torquing aux. MAA
designed in 0.010 wire or 0.011 wire)

Combination wires - SS or Alpha Titanium wire,
anterior segment is 0.022 x o.018 (ribbon
mode) and posterior segment is 0.018 round.

Angulated T pin

Root tipping auxiliaries
the paralleling auxiliaries commonly
termed as, uprighting springs

used to perform MD root movements or to
create resistance to crown movements.

Generally speaking paralleling auxiliaries is
a helical spring with a stem to engage the
pin channel of bracket and an activating
arm which attaches on arch wire.
Uprighting spring first introduced by Begg
1961 original spring had a coil and
a long lever arm

Principle
Employs the principle of potential energy of the
resilient arch wire.

Energy is expended in flexing the lever arm to engage
the arch wire. So energy is stored in coils .

During unloading force tends to produce a
mechanical couple which has its end at the
crown and apical position of root with centre
of resistance disposed about 40 % along the
root length from crest above.

since crown is ligated root movement occurs

Force system employed by Auxiliary. depends upon-
Gauge of wire used
Resiliency of wire used
Size of helix
Number of coils in the spring
Direction of activation
Construction
0.014 A. J. Wilcock wire
0.016 & 0.018 wire can be used

Tooth gauge coils
Maxillary and mandibular
canine
0.016 or 0.018 2
Maxillary and mandibular
2
nd
premolar
0.016 2
Maxillary laterals 0.014 2
Mandibular laterals 0.014 3
Beggs recommendations
To produce an effective force
The helicals and arms of the spring should be in the
same plane as to the long axis of the teeth and the
arch.

Incorrect positioning will rotate the teeth or tip the
roots too far buccal or lingual.

when utilizing root tipping springs its essential to ligate
the base arch wire to slot (elongation)

In extraction cases uprighting springs should be used
on both teeth's adjacent to extraction sites.

with earlier the arms of springs employ at extraction
sites overlap each other when hooked in position.

Recent shorter springs are self retaining and don't
interfere with springs of adjacent teeth
Spring pins
developed by begg to overcome the difficulty
of spring pressing against the arch wire
causing it to move in occlusal direction
leading to elongation of teeth.

Compound uprighting spring
lever arm is not engaged on arch wire. But arms of
two springs are held together by a tube.
No special advantage. Ease of placement.

Double spring pin & double uprighting spring
Two springs made from same wire.
More resilient.
Produce less force due to presence of third coil.
Also avoid proximal space opening which can be
closed by activating the central loop.
Can be used only on teeth which require the teeth
to move in opposite directions.

Mini uprighting springs
mini (0.009 supreme)
midi (0.010 0.012 supreme).

They differ from older springs in
1. the coil of spring is twice the size of wire,
former springs which was four times
2. the stem of spring runs tangential to the coil
older spring the stem was radial to he coil.

Activation is 100 % (stem and the active arm are in
one line making angle of 180 degrees).

Securing the springs
Advantages
1. Light continuous force
2. Much less taxation to anchorage
3. Better aesthetics
4. Ease in maintaining oral hygiene

0.010 for incisor teeth
0.012 for canines and premolars
Torquing auxiliaries
At the end of stage II anterior teeth will be
tipped lingually & present a dished in
appearance.
The palatal movement of the upper central
incisors roots combined with distal and palatal
movement of maxillary lateral incisor roots is
commonly referred to as root torque.

Four spur torquing auxiliary

This was the original torquing mechanism used
by Begg.

Spurs rest against labial surface of upper
central and lateral incisors bend in 0.016
main arch wire.

This has been refined to four spur torquing
auxiliary made of 0.014 0r 0.016 wire or
0.012 premium plus pulse straightened wire
Construction
Activation
using the light wire pliers auxiliary is formed into an
arch smaller than anterior portion of patients dental
arch

with the spurs in nearly horizontal position(25-
30from hori. plane)

for 0.012 premium plus pulse straightened wire0
from hori. plane)

increasing the lingual bands at the base of distal leg of
each spur, placing a slight V bend or curve between
the spurs.

Cuspid curve
In passive state the curvature will appear to drop
below the level of arch wire

when torque auxiliary is applied distal arms will
rotated by supers will follow the curvature of
main arch wire.

Short force spur auxiliary
does not engage cuspid bracket bend from
0.018 .
torque force is comparable to 0.016 auxiliary
that extends distal to cuspid brackets.
Two spur torquing auxiliary
If felt that only central incisors require
torque the two spur auxiliary is used.
Made in 0.014 or 0.016 wire
Reciprocal torquing auxiliary
used when central incisor root will have to be
move lingually and lateral incisor roots labially
often needed when laterals are bodily displaced
lingually, prior to treatment.
Made in 0.014 or 0.016 wire

One to one reciprocal torquing auxiliary
indicated when two adjacent teeth require
root torque in opposite direction. Usually
applied in lower anterior teeth.
Reverse torquing auxiliary
reverse root torquing auxiliary has the
objective of repositioning the mandibular
incisor roots and bringing them forward in a
controlled manner

Indications
1. Bimaxillary proclination or class II div. 1
2. Almost all non-extraction cases
3. To increase the mandibular anchorage
To upright mandibular incisors in third
stage two types are used
Brandt type

Udder type

Brandt type
Fabricated from 0.014 resilient wire.
Easy to fabricate .
Good activation control.
Easy to maintain hygiene.
Easily fitted incisally distal to each bracket.
Activation should be moderate.
Buccal arm either end distal to canine but passes
through molar teeth
Udder type
0.014 or 0.016 .
There is no bracket engagement
except for canine.
Difficult to activate for individual
teeth.
Difficult to maintain oral hygiene.

Prewound torquing auxiliary (mouse trap
type)
Designed by Begg in 1955.
Bending was originally hand done but now available
commercially in graded size.
Usually wound from 0.014 0.016 round wire
about a 0.020 main arch wire.
A small incisal offset or V in the midline of the main
arch acts as reciprocating stop for auxiliary
activated by meeting the resistance of stop in the
midline of arch wire.

It is posssible to remove one or both torque base
from lateral incisor as these teeth become
adequately torqued without reducing the force on
cental incisors.

When maxillary incisors needs their roots to be
brought labially the lateral torque bars are
overwound so that they fall in plane 90 degree to
plane to central torque bar.
Advantages
- Torquing arms has contact with tooth over a larger
area
- Easier to engage and can be prefabricated
- Does not loose efficiency if distal torquing artm is
cut off

Disadvantages
- difficult to fabricate
- Single root torquing or reverse root torquing is
impossible
- Unilateral torquing is impossible

Kitchton Torquing Auxiliary (KITCHTON, 1967, JCO)
Produce strong action should only
be used in conjunction with a heavy
archwire (.020 to .025 ) .

Types
the two-tooth auxiliary(0.016)
the four-tooth auxiliary.


Individual Torquing Auxiliary (A. J. O'MEARA JCO 1986)
lingual root torque for individual
teeth. It is activated by extending
terminal hooks over the arch wire.
Activation can be increased by
shortening the hooks, or by
displacing the outer arms
lingually relative to the body
of the spring.

Uprighting Torquing Auxiliary (A. J. O'MEARA JCO 1986)
similar to a pin uprighting spring.
provides root torque as well as
uprighting.
spring is engaged in the bracket
above the main archwire.
it is activated by extending the hook
over the archwire.
also helps lock the archwire in the
bracket.

Single root torquing Auxiliary (kesling)
Useful for any tooth except molar
Made from 0.012 premium plus wire

buccal palatal

Universal Torquing Auxiliary (JACK PERLOW JCO 1973)
can be used
on extraction and non-extraction cases;
on upper and lower teeth;
on centrals or laterals;
for labial or lingual torque.
on .020 round wire in a Begg technique
on edgewise wire
on a Hawley retainer. ( .012 wire), since a heavier
auxiliary will dislodge the retainer.

Reverse torquing aux. for controlling the roots of
canines and premolars (Tan, JCO, 1987)
Made from.014" wire in conjunction with an .018"
or .020" main archwire,
effective to perform an extensive labial canine
root movement to produce a canine eminence.
For palatally impacted canines which require labial
root torque.

Buccal root torque on molars
during third stage if molar crown rolled buccally
roots need torque
0.014 wire,
boot design,
twisted lingually & toe in
Torque Bars
New concept of torque.
Eliminates torque spurs.
Dramatically improves appearance and oral hygiene.
Formed from resilient 0.025 x 0.19 NiTi with 30
degree lingual torque angle which provide gentle
continuous forces during stage III.
Placed gingival to main arch wire.


Retained with hook pins or spring pins.

Main arch wire should be modified by slightly
constricting the anterior segment between cuspids

by placing a mild bite opening bend distal to cuspid
bracket.

Safety Bar
To prevent inadvertent labiolingual torquing of
roots of lower ant. Teeth (0.196 x 0.026
rectangular wire)
Prevents Mesial spring pin pressure on crowns of
cuspids, laterals and centrals from causing the
roots of adj. teeth to be move lab-lin.
Conclusion
the light wire technique is considered unique among
orthodontic treatment techniques in that the success
with it depends on the employment of correct
amount of tooth moving forces throughout its three
stages.

We have a variety of tools to choose from and it is
important that we employ the right ones to achieve
the goals of structural balance , aesthetic harmony
and functional efficiency.
Thank you
Leader in continuing dental education

Attachments in Beggs Technique-Ortho / Orthodontic Courses by Indian Dental Academy

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Attachments & Auxiliaries In Beggs

Technique Description & Application

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