Programmers Model 8086-80486

Programmers Model

8086
Data
Bus
Control
signals
Add
Bus
A
0
A
19

D
0
D
15

IP 16bit
CS
DS
ES
SS
Code
Data
Extra
Stack
Instruction Pointer
Programmers Model :
IP = 3000
H

CS = 2000
H
Base address
Offset address
Physical address
= 20000
H
+
3000
H

23000
H

2000
H
: 3000
H

CS
DS
ES
SS
Code Segment
2000 0000
FFFF
3000
MULTIPURPOSE REGISTERS
AX, BX, CX, DX, BP, DI, SI
SPECIAL PURPOSE REGISTERS
IP, SP, FLAGS

CS, DS, SS, ES
( Segment Registers )
BIU (Bus Interface Unit)
provides hardware funcns for generation of the memory
and I/O addresses for the transfer of data between
itself and the outside world



EU (Execution Unit)
receives program instruction codes and data from the
BIU executes these instructions and stores the results
in the general- purpose registers

EAX AH AL
EBX BH BL
ECX CH CL
EDX DH DL
EBP BP
ESI SI
EDI DI
ESP SP
EFLAGS FLAGS
EIP IP
CS
DS
ES
SS
FS
GS
A
C
V
M
R
F
N
T
O D I T S Z A P C IOPL
Real
Protected
HIMEM.SYS
A
20
Segment Address FFFF
H

Offset Address 40000
H

103FF0
H

ES
CS
SS
DS
IP

1
2
3
4
5
6
Control & Timing
Memory Interface
ALU
Operands
Flags
AH AL
BH BL
SP
BP
SI
DI
CH CL
DH DL
EU
BIU
Instruction
Queue
Block Diagram of 8086
Segment Offset Offset
32
Special Purpose
CS IP EIP Instruction
Address
SS SP/BP ESP/EBP Stack Address
DS BX,DI,SI, 8-
bit,16-bit
EAX,EBX,ECX,
EDX,ESI,EDI,32-
bit, 8-bit
Data Address
ES DI EDI For string dest
address
GS No Default General Address
FS No Default General Address

Instruction set & ALP
Data Transfer Instructions
Arithmetic Instructions
Logical Instructions
Branch and Program control Instructions
MOV Instruction
MOV destination , source MOV destination , source
Addressing Modes
The Processor executes an instruction it performs
the specified function on data

Data- called operands

May be a part of the instruction
May reside in one of the internal registers of the p
May be stored at an address in memory
Register Addressing
Immediate Addressing
Direct Addressing
Register Indirect Addressing
Base-plus-index addressing
Register relative addressing
Base relative plus-indexed addressing
Scaled Indexed Addressing