Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
2008JE0311
19 AUG 2009
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Contents
What is Tsunami?
Causes
Energy and speed of Tsunami
Tsunami’s generation
The Indian ocean tsunami
Tsunami warning system
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What is a Tsunami?
A Japanese word represented by two words
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Definitio
n
A tsunami is a series of
ocean waves of
extremely long wave
length and long period
generated in a body of
water by an impulsive
disturbance that
displaces the water.
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Causes
Earthquake
Landslide
Volcanic Eruption
Space born objects
{such as meteorites,
asteroids and comets
}
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Scientific Term
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Difference between tsunami waves
and wind waves
TSUNAMI WAVES WIND WAVES
Mainly caused by earthquake Caused by wind
Wavelength 60-300 miles Wavelength 300-600 ft
Time period 5-60 minut Time period 5-20 seconds
Speed of 450-650 mph Speed of 10-20 mph
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Calculating the Tsunami wave speed
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Tsunami’s Generation
Initiation
Split
Amplification
Run up
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1. Initiation
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The Rupture Process
Started at 00 hours 58 minute 47 second
GMT
Total area rupture is 250,000 km2
Average deformation is 10 mt.
Epic center
3.298 N latitude
95.779 E longitude
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Energy of earthquake
2nd largest earthquake
Moment magnitude of 9.3
Energy release is around 4.3 x 1018
joules
Energy of
tsunami
• 8000 km water displaced
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No Tsunami Warning System
Exists For The Indian ocean!!
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Methodologies for
Tsunami
warning
Tide gauges
RRTRD (remotely reporting tsunami run-up detectors)
DART system
Satellites
Animals
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A DART system consists of a
seafloor bottom pressure
recording (BPR) system
capable of detecting tsunamis
as small as 1 cm, and a
moored surface buoy for real-
time communications. An
acoustic link is used to
transmit data from the BPR on
the seafloor to the surface
buoy. The data are then
relayed via a GOES satellite
link to ground stations, which
demodulate the signals for
immediate dissemination to 23
DART
System
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DART Program
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Satellite warning
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