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KATHAKALI & BHARATANATYAM

Presented by UMANG KHUGSHAL .

History of the Kathakali Dance


Originated in the Kerala State Began in the 16th and 17th century Means story-play Influenced by Koodiyattom and Krishnanattom The raja, Chieftain, of Kottarakkara wrote the first play.

Navarasam (feeling)

Love

Ridicule

Sadness

Anger

Valour

Fear

Repulsive

Wonder

Peace

Make-Up and Costumes


Several hours to apply Chutty Chutty contains ricepaste, lime, and coconut oil Wear long, silver nails Wear wooden headpieces Wear large, circular skirts

Character Types
Pacca green, hero Kathi knife, heroic but lustful Tati beard Kari black demoness Minukku radiant for females Teppu special

Stage
On ground level No background Uses an oil lamp About 16-20 square feet 2 people hold the curtain Performed anywhere Overhead canopy Small, wooden stool

Music
Old Karnatic school of music Singers Cymbals Gong Drums

Cendra Maddalam Itaykka

Bharatanatyam

Classical Indian Dance

Bharatanatyam
is a classical dance form originating from Tamil Nadu, a state in Southern India. is one of the five major styles of dance in India. Other dance styles include Odissi, Kuchipudi, and Kathak.

Intro. To Bharatanatyam cont. The word Bharata is


broken down into Bha meaning expression, Ra meaning melody, and Ta meaning rhythm. It is usually accompanied with a type of Indian music called Sangeetam, words or syllables set to the rhythm of the dance.

Historical Background
In ancient times, Bharatanatyam was used by the wives of gods called devadasis who danced in the Hindu temples. It was formed by the Natyashastra, which has been called the bible of Indian classical dancing. Many of the sculptures in the ancient Hindu temples are based on the Bharatanatyam dance postures. The Lord Shiva is seen as the supreme god who improved and modified the dance. The gods, who danced themselves, passed Bharatanatyam on to the humans on earth.

On the left is a picture of the god Krishna. In dance, he is portrayed as playing the flute, his main hobby.

Indian Gods

Indian Gods cont.


The goddess of war, Durga, is always shown with many weapons. She always sits on a tiger. It takes lots of dancers to portray her many hands.

Technique There are three main techniques used


by Bharatanatyam dancers: Hastas, Adavus, and Abhinaya.

Indian Gods Cont.


On the left is a picture of the god of dance, Nataraja. Photo on the right shows how he is portrayed in dance.

Hastas
A distinctive feature of Bharata natyam is the use of expressive hand gestures or hastas as a way of communication. There are a variety of hand symbols that a dancer can use. Many hastas can be used in more than one way, depending on the song accompanying the dance, and what the dancer is trying to convey to the audience. The hand gesture or hasta on the right portrays a bud that will ultimately turn into a flower.

In contemporary times, Bharatanatyam has grown into many different styles taught by different teachers. It is mainly used for entertainment. Some shows describe the story of gods and characters in Indian culture. For example, Rama is a god who comes to earth to destroy the 10 headed evil tyrant Ravana, who is displayed in the picture below. There are many Bharatanatyam concerts held throughout the world to celebrate the customs, beliefs, and culture of India.

Modern Times

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