INPUT DEVICES

An input device is any peripheral

(piece of computer hardware
equipment) used to provide data and
control signals to an information
processing system such as a computer.
Input and output devices make up the
hardware interface between a
computer. Input devices can be
classified into following categories.
 KEYBOARDS
A keyboard is a human interface device which
is represented as a layout of buttons. Each
button, or key, can be used to either input a
linguistic character to a computer, or to call
upon a particular function of the computer.
Finally, today most users use the QWERTY
style keyboards. Below is a graphic illustration
of where each of the keys are on a U.S.
QWERTY style keyboard.
QWERTY KEYBOARD
POINT-AND-DRAW DEVICES
Mouse, Track Ball, Joystick,
lightpen and Touch Pad comes
under Point-and-draw devices,
these devices have made
computers a much more easily
usable.
Now lets explain these devices
individually:-
 MOUSE
A hardware input device that was invented by
Douglas Engelbart in 1963. The mouse allows
an individual to control a pointer in a graphical
user interface (GUI). Utilizing a mouse a user
has the ability to perform various functions
such as opening a program or file and does not
require the user to memorize commands, like
those used in a text-based command line
environment such as MS-DOS.
 TRACKBALL
A trackball is a pointing device similar to a
roller- ball mouse. It has the roller ball also
placed on the top along with the buttons.
Trackball is device of choice in
CAM/CAN(Computer Aided
Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing)
area. In designing trackball is preferred .
 ELECTRONIC PEN
It is pen based on point-and-draw device. A user holds the
pen in his/her hand and points with the directly on the
screen to select from the displayed menu items or icons. a
user can also draw graphics directly on the screen with it.
Another type of electronic pen comes with the special
pad .The pen is used like a normal pen and we draw
something in pad with movement of electronic pen causes
the graphical cursor on screen to move.
 TOUCH SCREEN

Touch screen is the most simple, and

easiest to use of all input devices .A touch
screen enables a user to choose from
available options by simply touching the
desired icon or menu items displayed on a
computer’s screen with his/her finger .
Touch screen are often used in information
kiosks .
 JOYSTICK
A peripheral input device that
looks similar to a control device
you would find on an arcade game
at your local arcades. A computer
joystick allows an individual to
easily navigate an object in a game
such as navigating a plane in a
flight simulator.
 DATA SCANNING DEVICES
Data scanning devices are input device
used for direct entry into computer system
from source documents. These devices
have following characteristics:
1.They eliminate the need of manual entry.
2.Automatic entry of data with their use
improves the data accuracy and less
time consumption is there.
 DIFFERENT TYPE OF
DATA SCANNING
1.Flatbed Scanner : A flat bed scanner is like a
copier machine consisting of a box having a
glass plate on it top and a lid that covers the
glass plate . A document to be scanned is placed
upside down on the glass plate. A light source
situated below the glass plate, moves
horizontally from one end to another when
activated. After scanning one line, the light
beam moves up a little and scans the next line.
The process is repeated for all the lines
 2. HAND HELD SCANNER : A hand held scanner has a set of light
emitting diodes encased in a small case that can be held in hand
conveniently. To scan a document, the scanner is dragged slowly over
it one end to the other end with its light on. The scanner has to be
dragged very steadily and carefully, otherwise the conversion of the
document into its equivalent bit map will not be correct. Due to this
reason, hand held scanners are used only in cases where high accuracy
is not needed. They are also used when the volume of documents to be
scanned is low. They are much cheaper than flatbed scanners.
3. OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION (OCR) DEVICE : OCR is equipped with
character recognition software (called OCR software) that converts the bitmap
images of characters to equivalent ASCII codes. That is scanner first creates
the bitmap image of the document and then the OCR software translates the
array of grid points into ASCII text that the computer can interpret as letters,
numbers, and special characters.
4. OPTICAL MARK READER(OMR) : These scanners are capable of recognisation
a pre specified type of mark made by pencil or pen. For example , in objective
type test applicants mark their choicesof correct answers on a special pre-
printed test scoring sheet by darkening a small square , circular, or oval
shaped box by a pencil. These answer sheets are fed directly to a computer
for grading with the use od optical mark reader.
5 .BAR-CODE READER: A bar-code reader
is a device used for reading(decoding)
bar-coded data.It may be a hand-held
scanner, or embedded in a stationary
scanner. It scans a bar-code image and
converts it into an alphanumeric value
that is then fed to a computer connected
to the bar-code reader.
6. MAGNETIC-INK RECOGNITION (MICR) : MICR is
similar to OCR.It is used by banking industry for
faster processing of large volume of cheques
handled every day by this industry. A bank
cheque has bank’s identification code (name ,
branch , etc),account number ,and cheque
number pre-printed (encoded) on it by using
charecters from a special character set.A special
ink containing particles of iron oxide (that can be
magnetized) is used for pre-printing the
characters on the cheque.
 7.DIGITIZER: A digitizer is an input device
used for converting (digitizing) pictures,
maps and drawings into digital form for
storage in computers. For example, the x
and y co-ordinates of points in a drawing
may be stored in digital form. This enables
re-creation of the drawing from the stored
information and easy incorporation of
changes in the drawing, whenever
required. Digitizers are used commonly in
the area of Computer Aided Design (CAD)
by architects and engineers to design
cars, buildings, medical devices, robots,
mechanical parts, etc.
8. ELECTRONIC-CARD READER : Electronic
cards and their associated readers offer
another means of direct data entry into
computer system. Electronic-card having
encoded data appropriate for the
application for which they are used. An
electronic-card reader, normally
connected to a computer, is used to read
the data encoded on an electronic card
and transfer it to the computer for further
processing.
 SPEECH RECOGNITION
DEVICES
Speech recognition devices are input devices that
allow a person to input data to a computer system by
speaking to it. However, as a data inputs device,
currently speech recognition systems have limited
success because correct interpretation by a machine
of the large number of words in the vocabulary of a
language is difficult.the major difficulties are that
people speak with different accounts and intonations,
and the fact that the meaning of words can very
depending on the context in whcivh they are used.
 MICROPHONE
A microphone is a device which allows
you to record voices or sounds and place
them onto computers, generally as a wav
file. Microphones also can be used with
other applications such as a voice
dictation program or a voice conference
program.
 WEBCAM

A camera that is attached to someones

computer. This camera takes pictures
every few minutes and updates those
pictures to a Web page where everyone
can watch. Some Webcams are set up in
people's houses and allow you to watch
them as they go about their day to day
business. Others are set up outside and
allow you to watch the scenery of a
particular area.
THANKYOU
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