PATROL FUNDAMENTALS

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PATROL
Definition: A detachment sent out from a larger unit to perform an assigned mission of gathering information, carrying out a harassing or destructive combat mission or a security mission.

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PATROL

-PURPOSE
Commander needs current information.

Ddestroy enemy installations

Capture enemy Security Prevent the enemy from gaining information Maintain contact with enemy or friendly

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TYPES OF PATROL CLASSIFICATIONS Mission Means of Movement

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CLASSIFIED AS MISSION
Reconnaissance
Route Area Zone

Combat (CARS)
Contact Ambush Raid Security

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CLASSIFIED AS MOVEMENT

Foot Motorized Waterborne Helicopterborne

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PATROL ORGANIZATION
Reconnaissance Patrol

Headquarters Reconnaissance Security

Combat Patrol

Headquarters Security Element Support Element Assault Element

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SQUAD SIZE PATROL FORMATION

R
LF

A
AUL RTO

A
NAV

SEC. UNIT R

ASSLT UNIT A
APL

HQ UNIT

PL

SUL

CVR

Direction of Movement

R
RF

FIGURE 1

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PATROL ORGANIZATION (CONT)

Special Organization

Reconnaissance and Security teams Assault and Demo teams Search and EPW teams Any other team by mission requirements

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INDIVIDUAL TASKS

Assistant Patrol Leader Radio Operator Navigator Pacemen Flanks

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PATROL STEPS
A. Study the mission B. Plan use of time C. Study terrain/situation D. Organize patrol E. Select men, weapons, and equipment F. Issue warning order G. Coordinate H. Make reconnaissance I. Complete detailed plans J. Issue patrol order K. Supervise, inspect, rehearse L. Execute mission

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STUDY THE MISSION

Make notes Implied missions Identify missions for teams/units within patrol

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PLAN USE OF TIME

Establish timeline Reverse planning Publish in warning order

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STUDY TERRAIN/SITUATION
Friendly/enemy

Situations Disposition Strengths Capabilities

How these factors influence:

Route Organization Weapons/equipment Additional Personnel

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ORGANIZE THE PATROL

Determine units/teams required to accomplish essential tasks General

HQ, security, support, assault Search and EPW handling Demolition Navigation As needed by mission requirements

Special

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ISSUE WARNING ORDER

Issues to all patrol members, including attachments, if possible Minimum, issue to unit leaders Post in squad/platoon area

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WARNING ORDER CONTENTS

Situation Mission General Instructions Specific Instructions

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Warning Order Contents (cont)

General Instructions

General/Special Organization Uniform/Equipment common to all Weapons, Ammo, Equipment Chain of Command Timeline

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WARNING ORDER CONTENTS (CONT)

Specific Instructions

To subordinate leaders

Drawing of ammo Leaders recon Any special preparation (I.E. stream crossing)

Special purpose teams/key individuals

Point men Pacers EPW/Search Teams Any other mission essential team

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COORDINATION
Movement in friendly areas Depart/Re-entry of friendly lines Fire support Logistics support

Medevac procedures

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MAKE RECONNAISSANCE
Physical recon of route, if possible, usually not possible Map recon Utilize available intelligence assets/information

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COMPLETE DETAILED PLANS

5-paragraph order Must address:

Specific duties of elements, teams, individuals Primary/Alternate route Conduct of patrol

Formation/order of movement Depart/re-entry of friendly lines Rally points/actions at rally points Final Preparation Position and actions at FPP Objective rally point and actions at ORP

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COMPLETE DETAILED PLANS (CONT)

Conduct of patrol (cont)

Actions at danger areas Actions on enemy contact Actions at objective Actions on withdrawal from objective

Arms and Ammunition Uniform and Equipment Wounded and Prisoners Signals

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COMPLETE DETAILED PLANS (CONT)

Communication Challenge and password Location of leaders/Chain of command

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ISSUE PATROL ORDER

Build a terrain model All members present Receive status from the unit leaders Give orientation Issue entire order Conclude with questions

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Supervise

Constant and continuous Ensures success of patrol Conducted even when the patrol leader and patrol members are experienced in patrolling

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INSPECT
Determines state of readiness of men Just before rehearsals Look for:
Prescribed uniform, weapons, equipment Camouflage Silencing of gear ID tags/Geneva convention cards Any unnecessary items

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INSPECT (CONT)
Patrol leader questions

Mission, route, fire support Responsibilities, when he performs them Other members responsibilities Challenge/Password, call signs, frequencies, code words, reporting times, and any other pertinent details Always conduct another inspection when time permits

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REHEARSE
Ensure all members of patrol know what exactly they are to do in any situation Prioritize:
1. Actions on objective 2. Actions on enemy contact 3. Crossing danger areas 4. Etc.

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Execution
Exiting friendly lines

Patrol moves to Assembly Area Forward unit coordination Request guide if needed Return to get patrol Patrol moves out in tactical column Nearing Passage Point patrol moves into dispersed file PL requests permission to depart friendly lines

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EXITING FRIENDLY LINES

Out side small arms range Conduct Short Security Halt Conduct Head count

CONDUCT HEAD COUNT

XXXXXXXXX x x x x x x x xXXXXXX x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x XXXXX

xXx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX x xXXXXXX x x

APERS MINEFIELDS RANGER FILE FORMATION

FEBA

FEBA

CONTACT GUIDE

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EXITING FRIENDLY LINES

APL moves to front of column, behind guide Once through the barrier plan, APL counts out members of patrol through exit of barrier plan Transition to tactical column and move out Conduct security halt outside the range of direct weapons from defense

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CONTROL MEASURES
Check Points

Track Progress Coordinated with higher prior to departure Where patrol regroups if necessary Easily recognized, cover/concealment, defensible 300-500m apart along route Near and far side of danger areas

Rally Points

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CONTROL MEASURES (CONT)

Initial Rally Point (IRP)

In friendly area Between the initial rallying point and the objective rallying point Final prep before objective Cover/concealment Leaders recon Release point Drop gear if not needed Patrol reassembles after mission accomplishment
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En Route Rally Point (ERP)

Objective Rally Point (ORP)

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SECURITY HALTS
Short security halt

Listen for enemy Halt, face out board, attempt to find cover,concealment When need to

Long security halt

Eat, rest, send message, check direction-anything that the patrol will be stationary for long time

From 360 perimeter, take cover Sectors of fire, LP/OP Position automatic weapons

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LONG SECURITY HALT

LONG SECURITY HALT

C N

LF

RO

HQ UNIT

RF

DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT

FIGURE 2

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REENTRY OF FRIENDLY LINES

Long Security halt at Reentry rally point Request permission to renter friendly lines Move to contact point with security to meet guide Initiate far recognition signal, the near recognition signal PL returns to get patrol and bring to contact point Guide leads patrol through barrier plan PL counts patrol in with cover man to ensure there are no enemy infiltrators

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Reentry of Friendly Lines

REENTRY OF FRIENDLY LINES
RANGER FILE FORMATION CONDUCT HEAD COUNT CONDUCT SECURITY HALT OUTSIDE SMALL ARMS RANGE CONTACT CP & REQUEST PERMISSION TO REENTER CONTACT GUIDE

XXXXXXXXX x x x x x x x xXXXXXX x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x XXXXX

xXx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX x x x x

APERS MINEFIELDS

FEBA

FEBA

IRP

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DEBRIEF
PL gives Forward Unit Commander a quick sit-rep Takes patrol to S-2 for complete debrief Always conduct debrief as soon as possible after patrol returns

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