DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE MECHANISM

Submitted by, Rahul.G Lalith Prasad.A.R Mallappa.R Hari Krishnan.R Under the guidance of, Bommanna.K Asst. Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering T.John Institute of Technology

Topic of the Project:

A Variable Speed Pulley is a device for

changing the speed of a rotating shaft member, so that it will increase or decrease the revolutions per minute of that particular shaft.

Literature Review
1898, REEVES Transmission- Beginning production

in 1898, Reeves revolutionized industry by offering infinitely variable speed operation. 1933, Reeves Moto Drive-First available in the 10008000 Series, Moto Drive units were adjustable speed drives designed to provide infinitely variable speed over and/or up to a 10:1 speed range. 1991, REEVES Ultima The ultimate in adjustable speed drives for high performance, the REEVES ULTIMA was designed to provide infinitely variable speed up to an 8 to 1 speed range and to offer high starting torque.

Objective and Scope

As this technology has widespread applications in

various fields of manufacturing , it is advantageous to develop and showcase an economical variant of the current version to help Small and Medium scale industries. Many industrial processes such as assembly lines must operate at different speeds for different products. Where speeds may be selected from several different pre-set ranges, usually the drive is said to be adjustable speed. If the output speed can be changed without steps over a range, the drive is usually referred to as variable speed.

Methodology

 The Basic concept behind variable pulley drives is similar to the gear

changing arrangement used on many modern bicycles. The speed is varied by adjusting the ratio of the diameter of the driver pulley to the driven pulley.

For industrial applications, an example of continuously adjustable

ratio between the drive shaft and driven shaft is shown in the figure. One or both pulleys can have an adjustable diameter. As the diameter of one pulley increases, the other decreases thus maintaining nearly a constant belt length. Using a V-type drive belt, this can be done by adjusting the distance between tapered pulleys at the drive end, with the pulley at the end being spring loaded. A hand wheel can be provided for manual control or a servomotor can be fitted to drive the speed control screw for remote or automatic control. Ratios of between 2:1 and 6:1 are common, with some lower power units capable of up to 8:1 when used the gear reducers, an extensive range of output speed and gear ratios are possible. This type of drive usually comes as a totally enclosed modular unit with an AC motor fitted

Variable Speed Belt

Variable Speed Sheaves

Resources
It consists of three drive system components: a mechanically operated driver pulley mounted on

the motor shaft, a spring-loaded pulley mounted on the driven shaft, and a variable speed belt running between the two pulleys. Output speed is reduced by turning the hand wheel on the motor pulley, while the drive is running, to mechanically open the pulley face. This allows the belt to drop down to a lower pitch diameter on the driver pulley.

Technical & Commercial Advantages

Speed can be varied while Machine is running. Maximum ratio of 8:1. Easy to operate. Low Maintenance. Occupies less space. Step less speed variation.

Wide range of application.

Most Economical method of speed variation. Skilled labour not required. Precise speed variation.

Cost Analysis
Variable Speed Belt

: Rs 2000 Motor : Rs 4000 Variable Speed Pulleys(Sheaves) : Rs 5000 Gear Box : Rs 2500 Fabrication : Rs 2500 : Rs 16000

Total Project Cost

Conclusion
As this technology has widespread

applications in various fields of manufacturing as shown below, it is advantageous to develop and showcase an economical variant of the current project to help small and medium scale industries to be more efficient at lesser cost.

References
MACHINE DESIGN DATA HANDBOOK, Volume I & II

By Dr.K.LINGAIAH Practical Variable Speed Drives and Power Electronics By Malcolm Barnes DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS I&II, By J.B.K. DAS & P.L.SRINIVASA MURTHY. http://www.speedselector.com/engineering/index.ht m http://www.torquetrans.com/variable-speed-pulley http://www.deepakdrives.com/Fixed-CenterVariable-Speed-Pulley-Drives.htm