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Chronology
First evidence of calcification
21/4-21/2Y
Enamel completed 6-7 Y Eruption 11-12 Y
Root completed
13-14 Y
There are 2 types differ mainly from the occusal & lingual aspects while the other surfaces are nearly similar
Buccal
Lingual
Mesial
Distal
occlusal
Buccal
Lingual
Mesial
Distal
occlusal
The mesial outline, The distal outline and Mesial & Distal C. A. are at the same like lower 4 except that The buccal cusp in 3cusp form is broader and less pointed Surface Anatomy: like that of lower 4 with less developed B ridge The root has a blunt root apex
Lingual Aspect
Three cusp type
Two Ling cusp M Ling D Ling
No ling. convergence. *ML cusp is longer and larger than DL cusp. *They both shorter than B cusp and less pointed. *There is Ling developmental groove between the 2 cusps
L cusp is smaller & shorter by about 1 mm than B cusp but larger than of Lower 4 No dg
Rhomboid in shape with narrow occlusal table. Lingual inclination less prominent than that of the lower 4
In all lower posterior teeth
DD
Maximum convexity at C1/3 bucally & M 1/3 Lingually L cusp or cusps are shorter and smaller than B cusp
The buccal cusp is shorter than in lower 4 and more buccal to the center of the root. While Ling cusp larger than of lower4
The mesial and distal marginal ridges are straight
No Lingual convergence .
Elevations
B triangular ridge.
Depressions 5
*M dg ends at M traingular fossa H or U shape. *D dg ends at D traingular fossa *Ling dg between the 2 Ling cusps They form Y shape M and D triangular fossae. M and D triangular fossae.
Elevations:
B triangular ridge. L triangular ridges (ML &DL). M & D marginal ridges
3 2
Depressions:
Central developmental groove Y shape made of M,D &L dgs
Central pit M and D triangular fossae.
Comparison
Mandibular First Premolar
Geometric outline
U- shaped
H - shaped
Self-Evaluation Review
1. Compare between the 1st & 2nd lower
premolars ( 2 cusp type)