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Fundamental Questions of AI
(Alan Turing asked:) Is there thought without experience? Is there mind without communication? Is there language without living? Is there intelligence without life?
CS364 Aims
The aim of this module is:
This module aims to demonstrate a variety of techniques for capturing human knowledge and represent it in a computer, in a way that enables the machine to reason over the data represented, and mimic the human ability to deal with incomplete or uncertain data.
CS364 Outcomes
At the end of the module students should be able to:
Describe methods for acquiring human knowledge. Evaluate which of the acquisition methods would be most appropriate in a given situation. Describe techniques for representing acquired knowledge in a way that facilitates automated reasoning over the knowledge. Categorise and evaluate AI techniques according to different criteria such as applicability and ease of use, and intelligently participate in the selection of the appropriate techniques and tools, to solve simple problems. Use the presented techniques in practice to develop an intelligent system.
CS364 Content I
Knowledge-Based Intelligent Systems
Intelligent machines and what they can do. Artificial intelligence from the Dark Ages to knowledge-based systems What is knowledge? Knowledge representation techniques Rules as a knowledge representation technique
CS364 Content II
Uncertainty Management in Expert Systems
Introduction to uncertainty Bayesian reasoning Certainty factors theory and evidential reasoning Comparison of Bayesian reasoning and certainty factors
CS364 Content IV
Machine Learning
Introduction to learning Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks Introduction to Evolutionary Computation
CS364 Content V
Knowledge Engineering and Data Mining
Introduction to knowledge engineering How to find the tools that will work for my problem Data mining and knowledge discovery
Assessment Pattern
Unit(s) of Assessment Weighting Towards Module Mark (%)
25 15 60
Qualifying Condition(s) A weighted aggregate mark of 40% is required to pass the module.
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Coursework
The students are expected to participate in an individual project focused on studying the architecture and behaviour of an AI system. Students may use a pre-existing program (shell) or write their own.
Can use Skilab, Octave, or Matlab tool, Prolog, CLIPS but, there are web sites which contain AI freeware and the students are expected to make the most of this freeware.
The student is expected to write an individual 5-page (max) report on his or her study, not exceeding 1500 words.
More details will be give at appropriate time.
5th September 2006 Bogdan L. Vrusias 2006 11
Methods of Teaching/Learning
The module will consist of 26 hours of lectures, and 4 practical tutorial hours. NOTE: Attending lectures is VERY important!
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On-line Resources
CS364 main resource
http://www.cs.surrey.ac.uk/teaching/cs364 NOTE: Make sure you check the module website regularly!
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Selected Texts
The main course book for this module that contains most of the theoretical material is:
Negnevitsky, Michael (2004), Artificial Intelligence A Guide to Intelligent Systems (Second Edition), Harlow, UK, Addison Wesley, ISBN: 0321204662.
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Selected Texts II
Other recommended books are:
Luger, G.F (2004) Artificial Intelligence: Structures & Strategies for Complex Problem Solving (Fifth Edition). London: Addison-Wesley, ISBN: 0321263189.
Callan, Rob (2003), Artificial Intelligence, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK, Palgrave MacMillan, ISBN: 0333801369.
Winston, Patrick H. (1992), Artificial Intelligence (Third Edition), Reading (MASS): Addison-Wesley Publishers Co, ISBN: 0201533774.
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Fun
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Discussion
Can machines think? Can machines see? How does a human mind work? Is it magic? Can non-humans have minds? Can machines replace a human worker? Are intelligent machines good or bad for humans? Would you trust one?
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What is Intelligence?
Intelligence is the ability to understand and learn things. Intelligence is the ability to think and understand instead of doing things by instinct or automatically. (Essential English Dictionary, Collins, London, 1990). Intelligence is the ability to learn and understand, to solve problems and to make decisions.
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Second Phase
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Turing Remarks
By maintaining communication between the human and the machine via terminals, the test gives us an objective standard view on intelligence. A program thought intelligent in some narrow area of expertise is evaluated by comparing its performance with the performance of a human expert. To build an intelligent computer system, we have to capture, organise and use human expert knowledge in some narrow area of expertise.
5th September 2006 Bogdan L. Vrusias 2006 23
Some AI Examples
Please check the following websites on your free time:
http://www.generation5.org/jdk/demos.asp http://www.aridolan.com/ofiles/eFloys.html http://www.aridolan.com/ofiles/iFloys.html http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/~rob/#applets http://www.softrise.co.uk/srl/old/caworld.html http://people.clarkson.edu/~esazonov/neural_fuzzy/loadsway/LoadSway.htm http://www.iit.nrc.ca/IR_public/fuzzy/FuzzyTruck.html http://www.pandorabots.com/pandora/talk?botid=f5d922d97e345aa1
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Closing
Questions??? Remarks??? Comments!!! Evaluation!
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