Presented to : Mr.

Shakti Singh Shekhawat Head of the Department Electrical Engineering

Presented By : Kapil Sahani 10EGIEE029

Session: 2012-13

Abstract

A practical training in Grid Sub-Station helps in getting acquainted with the way in which our knowledge is being practically used outside the institute and this is normally different from what we have learnt from books theoretically. 220 GRID SUB STATION,DEBARI is one of 220 KV capacity gss among which those are connected in this ring.

Introduction Single Line Diagram Power Transformer Instrument Transformer Circuit Bracker Insulators Lightning Arrester Isolators PLCC Battery Section Capacitor Bank Conclusion

Introduction
220 KV GSS, DEBARI, UDAIPUR IS A GRID OF RAJASTHAN RAJYA VIDHYUT PRASARAN NIGAM LTD (RRVPNL) . Main supplier of electricity in Udaipur district, Banswara, Dungarpur & part of Rajsamand. At present Total grid capacity is 300 MVA. After installation of new Xmer capacity will be 460 MVA. Total normal load is about 160 to 170 MW . peak load is 250 MW. Maximum load is of HZL, Debari,which is 36 MW

Single Line Diagram

INCOMING AND OUTGOING LINE

For incoming lines GSS (220 Outgoing lines in GSS (132 KV) KV)
1. RAPP A 1. HZL

Outgoing lines in GSS (33 KV)

1. CEMENT FACTORY

2. RAPP B

2. SUKHER

2. RIICO

3. CHITTORGARH (I/C & O/G both)

3. MADRI

3. BHUWANA

4. BANSWARA (I/C & O/G both)

4. NATHDWARA

4. PRATAP NAGAR 5. BICHADI 6.BHATEWAR

5. KANKROLI (PGCIL)

5. MAVLI 6. BHATEWAR 7. UCW

POWER TRANSFORMER

static device by means of which electric power in one circuit is transformed into electric power of the same frequency in another circuit

TRANSFORMER EQUIPMENTS
BUCHHOLTZ RELAY CONSERVATO R BUSHINGS

TRANSFORMER TANK BREATHER

Transformer Tank

whole assembly of a transformer is placed in a metal sheet tank assembly of the transformer is immersed in an oil which act as an insulator as well as coolant. The oil will take out the heat produced by the transformer windings and core

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Conservator

A cylindrical shaped air tight metal drum placed on a transformer tank It provide cooling to transformer It provide insulation between transformer windings.

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Breather

SILICA GEL (DRY)

apparatus with which breathing of the transformer takes place

Oil is used to trap the dust particles , during contraction of oil & suction of outside air to inside of transformer
OIL

A Breather
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Buchholz relay

It gives an alarm to the operator if there is any fault in transformer If fault continues to persist , then the relay will trip the main circuit breaker to protect the transformer It works during: Short-circuited core laminations Broken-down core bolt insulation Bad contacts Overheating of some part of the windings Short-circuits between phases Earth faults puncture of bushing insulators inside tank

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Cooling of transformer
Air natural (AN) 2. Air Blast(AB) 3. Oil Natural (ON) 4. Oil natural air forced (ONAF) 5. Oil natural water forced (ONWF) 6. Forced circulation of oil Oil forced air natural (OFAN) Oil forced air forced(OFAF) Oil forced water forced(OFWF)
1.
ONAF cooling provided to 220/33kV transformer
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Radiator

Radiator

Radiator are used in transformers to cool the transformer oil

ON & ONAF is used for cooling

It has small fins

4 10 radiator banks in a transformer depending upon capacity

SPECIFICATION
Total transformer installed - 8 Five step down transformers are used to step down 220kv into 132kv.
220/132 KV TRANSFORMER 160 MVA Xmer-1 Nos. 100 MVA Xmer-2 Nos. 50 MVA Xmer-2 Nos. MAKE IMP POWER LIMITED -1 CROMPTION -1 TELK CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC 1 BHEL-1

Two step down transformer are used to step down 132 kv into 33kv
220/132 KV TRANSFORMER
14.6/20 MVA Xmer S-I 16/20 MVA Xmer S-II

MAKE
NGEF NGEF NGEF

10/12.5 MVA Xmer S-III

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER
Transformer used in conjunction with measuring instruments for measurements purposes

Current Transformer

Potential Transformer

CURRENT TRANSFORMER
used for measurement of electric currents.

CT produces a reduced current accurately proportional to the current in the circuit

isolates the measuring instrument from high voltage circuit. used in metering and protective
relays.

POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

Are used to step down the voltage for: Measurement Protection Control Allows protective relay equipment and measuring instruments to be operated at a lower voltages.

Circuit Braker
An automatically operated switch

Break a circuit automaticcally under fault condition

protect an electrical circuit from overload and short circuit It is an on load device Classified as: OiL circuit breaker Air blast voltage circuit breaker SF6 circuit braker Vacuum circuit braker

Classification of circuit braker

Oil circuit breaker:Uses some insulating oil for arc extinction.

Air blast circuit breaker:High pressure air blast is used for extinguishing the arc.
Sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker:-

SF6 gas is used for arc extinction.

Vacuum circuit breaker:Vacuum is used for arc extinction

Insulators
Insulators is used to hold the live conductor and to prevent leakage of the current from the conductor to the pole.
1.Pin type Insulators 2. Suspension Insulators 3. Strain Insulators

4. Shackle Insulators

5. Stay Insulators

Lightning arrester
To protect transformer from over voltage caused

by lightning. On the occurrence of over voltage, the air insulation across the gap breaks down an arc is formed, providing a low resistance path for the surge to the ground

Isolators
used to completely de-energise the circuit for service or maintenance used for a isolating a circuit under no load condition only. have provisions for a padlock an isolator is an off-load device .

Power line carrier communication

used for telecommunication ,telemonitoring between electrical substations , through power lines at high voltages uses amplitude modulation technique

Capacitor Voltage Transformer and wave trap are used for PLCC
transmit communication signal and 50/60 Hz power signal through same electric power cable SLDC (State Load Dispatch Center ) get information by using PLCC communication

Battery section
Battery house:DC power supply is required for the operation of circuit breaker and as a supply for PLCC room and also for control room indication.

Battery charger
It is used for charging purpose of battery house, which is based on semiconductor devices.

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Capacitor bank
The capacitor gives following functions 1. Voltage Rise 2. Energy storage 3. Power Factor Improvement

Two capacitor banks of 7.2 MVAR are used for power factor and voltage improvement.

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Conclusion

As per my training report I have conclude that , during last 30 days I am familiar with the working ,operation and maintenance of the220 kv grid substation. Moreover the modern monitoring control and protection devices ensure reliability and safety to the operator and technicians. The regular maintenance is done in grid substation plant which in the end leads to smooth operation of each unit. I am very thankful to all those people who help me to get knowledge of grid substation.