Beam Connections

Beam to Post & Post to Base Details

Beam Connections
Beam

connections involve a condition where a uniformly distributed load is concentrated through a beam/column condition, then to a pad of concrete (FTG) & subsequently distributed to the ground

Factors Influencing Beam Connections

Weight

(LL & DL)

most important based on tributary area & load

Wind

Loads Seismic Loads Snow Loads Material Type

wood, steel, masonry
length influences bending
BENDING

Hole Placement for Columns/Beams

Distance

Equals: 7 x diameter to end 4 x diameter to edge 4 x diameter between holes

Maximum Hole Size for Beams

Maximum

Hole Size Equals = 1/5 width or height of beam

X = width or height of beam

Uplift
Any

overhang (including an open garage) is subject to UPLIFT from the wind

cant rely on weight of structure alone to hold in place

To

prevent UPLIFT:
Post cap means to bolt beam to column Post base means to bolt column to footing in ground

metal post caps and metal post base

hurricane clips and seismic ties

metal angles to attach truss/rafter to wall framing

Post Caps
Used

to connect or provide a transition of loads between columns and beams Engineered to withstand uplift and lateral forces
forces or loads are measured in KIPS = 1000 lbs
Three

structural divisions of post caps (metal gauge of caps are different, designs similar)
1) heavy weight 2) medium 3) lightweight

Beam Conditions and Post Cap Designs

Connection

1--Beam at end or corner Connection 2--Continuous beam Connection 3--Spliced beam Connection 4--Four-way beam intersection Connection 5--Tee and Ell brackets

Common Post Caps (Connection 1)

Beam

at end or corner

Common Post Caps (Connection 2)

Continuous

beam

Common Post Caps (Connection 3)

Spliced

beam

Common Post Caps (Connection 4)

4-way

beam intersection

Common Post Caps (Connection 5)

Tees

& Ells brackets Connection types

continuous, splice, end

Post Bases
Used

to connect posts to the concrete base below Usually metal A wide variety of types Selection depends upon
1) Size and material of column 2) Environment (dry or wet) 3) Weight or loads upon column

Post Connections and Post Base Designs

Connection

1--Pocket design, welded plates

and angles
Simple post base
Connection

2--Angle straps with shear

plates Connection 3--U shaped anchor strap Connection 4--Clip angles

Common Post Bases (Connection 1)

Pocket

design, Simple Post Base

welded steel plates column inside preset anchor bolts vent for moisture

Common Post Bases (Connection 2)

Angle

Strap with Shear Plates

shear plates
prevent splitting

bearing plate metal straps anchor bolts

Common Post Bases (Connection 3)

Anchor

strap

U-shape preset in concrete most common

Common Post Bases (Connection 4)

Clip

angles and bearing plate

Additional Post Base Connections

Adjustable

Elevated Heavy Section

Detailing Beam/Column/Footing Connections

Detailer

must know

size of beam size of column/post type of post cap size/number/location of bolts Material type
wood, steel, concrete, or masonry

Height of column Type of post base Soil bearing capacity Footing size

Detailing Beam/Column/Footing Connections

Standard

Tables or Manufacturers are literature used to find acceptable load vs column height

Examples: Height Size Loads 4 4x4 14,700 lb 8 4x4 8,304 lb

Pipe Column
Commonly

used to support

beams May be fixed length or adjustable Cap & Bearing plate usually are welded to pipe column Attach to footing pedestal via anchor bolts Dry Pack
moist cement between bearing plate & footing pedestal to assure perpendicularity

Pipe Column Callout

3

PIPE COLUMN 7.58#, meaning:

3 = nominal pipe diameter 7.58# = weight/foot a 6 ft length would weigh 45.48 lbs and would carry 38 kips (see table pg 411)

New Notation

3 x 7.58 PIPE COLUMN

Old Notation

Masonry Columns

Used

in same manner as wood/steel columns Design Rules

unsupported, reinforced masonry columns not to exceed 10 times smallest cross-sectional dimension hollow unsupported masonry columns not to exceed 4 times smallest cross-sectional dimension joints should lap normally, no vertical joints

Examples:

16x16reinforced column max height = 10 x 16 =13.3 ft (10 x 16 = 160/12 = 13.3ft) 24x24 hollow column max height = 4 x 2 = 8 ft

Masonry Columns
Note

steel saddle to connect beam to concrete

Reinforcing

& grout in cavity

Pilaster
A

column built into masonry wall for beam support used to give lateral support to wall

ASSIGNMENT
Develop

the following details for sheet S-3

1/S-3 wall to truss connection (use a simpson H1 anchor) 2/S-3 shear wall detail (1/2 plywd on 1 side of prefab truss and interior shear wall, be sure that the truss is directly over the shear wall 3/S-3 2x6 block between trusses at walls 4/S-3 Simpson strap LSTA24 each side of ridge on 5/8 gyp brd w/ 20 ga sht mtl 8on 8 off ridge use (2) rows 6d nails 5 o.c. 5/S-3 Use a simpson strap LSTA24 on each side

Drafting Exercise Pipe Column Detail

Change

pipe column callout to new notation

3 X 7.58 PIPE COLUMN

Add Add

callout for rebar in footing

2-#4 REBAR EACH WAY

3/4 fiber expansion board between concrete walk and footing pedestal Scales as shown in text Pipe Column to Beam Detail