Oktaviana Astrini Regita M Ine Apriliani Juventa Dwi Lestari Lia Mufaricha Wenny Dwi N A

Annisa

Independent clause is a clause that can stand by it self. It does not need to be joined to any other clauses, because it contains all the information necessary to be a complete sentences.

Subject + verb = complete thought

Example : Jim reads. S V A giant spider has made its home behind the shampoo S V bottle in Nells bathroom

A group of words with a subject and verb, but not expressing a complete idea.A dependent clause cannot stand on its own because it does not express a complete thought because it begins with a subordinating conjunction(because, although, until, whether, etc.)
Subordinate conjunction + subject + verb = incomplete thought

Example : Once Adam Sub.Conj S

smashed the spider V

A coordinating conjunction joins parts of a sentence (for example words or independent clauses) that are grammatically

equal or similar. Coordinating conjunctions connect words,

phrases, and clauses. The 7 coordinating conjunctions are short, simple words. They have only two or three letters. There's an easy way to remember them - their initials spell:
F For A And N Nor B But O Or Y Yet S So

Coordinating conjunctions always come between the words or clauses that they join

Coordinating conjunctions go in between items joined, not at the beginning or end.

Subordinating conjunctions, also called subordinators, are helpful in writing paragraphs with an independent clause and a dependent clause.Subordinate conjunctions are words or phrases that connect a dependent clause or adjective or adverbial phrase to an independent clause.

Here is list of subordinate conjunctions:

after although as because before even if even though if in order that once provided that rather than since so that than that though unless until when whenever where whereas wherever whether while why

Example :

Before he changed his name to Bob Dylan. Sub.Conj S V After she enjoyed a long career in show business Sub.Conj S V

A relative pronoun is a pronoun used to mark a relative clause, and having the same referent as the element of the main clause (usually a noun or noun phrase) which the relative clause modifies. There are five relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, that. Who (subject) and whom (object) are generally only for people. Whose is for possession. Which is for things. In nondefining relative clauses, that is used for things. In defining relative clauses (clauses that are essential to the sentence and do not simply add extra information) that can be used for things and people Example : The car which I drive is old.

Relative Clause = Relative Pronoun +/- Subject + Verb

Complex Sentence = Independent Clause + Relative Clause

Example : I looked for the man who borrowed me money IC Rel. Clause The table which was made of oak wood has broken. Rel.Clause
* IC = The table has broken

A conjunctive adverb is an adverb that connects two clauses. Conjunctive adverbs show cause and effect, sequence, contrast, comparison, or other relationships.
The following are frequently used conjunctive adverbs:
after all also as a result besides consequently finally for example furthermore hence however in addition incidentally indeed in fact in other words instead likewise meanwhile moreover nevertheless next nonetheless on the contrary on the other hand otherwise still then therefore thus

A conjunctive adverb can join two Independent Clause. In this situation, the conjunctive adverb behaves like a coordinating conjunction, connecting two complete ideas. Notice, however, that you need a semicolon, not a comma, to connect the two clauses: IC + ; + conjunctive adverb + , + IC. Example:

Natural resources of Indonesia spread from Sabang to marauke; however, theyre not utilized properly. Both gold and green kiwifruits are widely cultivated in New Zealand; furthermore, theyre distributed to our country.

A compound-complex sentence is a sentence that has at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. The compound-complex sentence combines elements of compound and complex sentences. The same subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce the dependent clauses.The same coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS) are used for joining the independent clauses.

IC+ coordinating conjunction/ Subordinate Conjunction/ Relative Pronoun / conjunctive adverb+ IC+ DC

OR
DC+ , + IC+ coordinating conjunction/ Subordinate Conjunction/ Relative Pronoun / conjunctive adverb + IC

The team captain jumped for joy, and the fans cheered IC cor.conj IC because our team won the state championship. DC While he was cleaning the kitchen, he found so much DC IC expired food, but he didnt got rid of it immediately. cor.conj IC Although I like to go camping, I haven't had the time to go DC IC lately, and I haven't found anyone to go with. cor.conj IC

Jenny is rich, whereas Joni is poor, but they love each other IC sub.conj DC IC

While cleaning the kitchen, he found a lot of expired food, sub.conj DC IC but he didnt got rid of it. IC Sharon has been studying piano since she was six years old, IC sub.conj DC and she enjoys it. IC

I will go, but I need the book which I gave you yesterday.
Rel.pron

Independent clause : - I will go - I need the book Dependent clause : - which I gave you yesterday

I know the man

who
Rel.pron

is standing near the door is your uncle.

Independent clause : - I know the man - The man is your uncle Dependent clause : who is standing near the door

Yulia, who does exercise regularly, has a positive body DC IC image; therefore, she always looks happy and healthy. conj.adv IC
Even though he prefers to eat with a fork, he chooses DC to use chopsticks in Chinese restaurants; however, they IC conj.adv aren't easy to use. DC