PROJECT MANAGEMENT

CPM/PERT

V P B Chakravarthi . K Abhijeet Kumar

Project

project is a series of activities directed to accomplishment of a desired objective.

Plan your work first..then work your plan

Network analysis Introduction Net ork a!a"#$i$ i$ the %e!era" !ame %ive! to certai! $&eci'ic tech!i(ue$ hich ca! be u$e) 'or the &"a!!i!%* ma!a%eme!t a!) co!tro" o' &roject$. O!e )e'i!itio! o' a &roject+
A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a "unique" product or service

,i$tor#

-eve"o&e) i! ./012$ CPM b# -uPo!t 'or chemica" &"a!t$ PERT b# 3.4. Nav# 'or Po"ari$ mi$$i"e

CPM a$ )eve"o&e) b# -u Po!t a!) the em&ha$i$ a$ o! the

tra)e;o'' bet ee! the co$t o' the &roject a!) it$ overa"" com&"etio! time 6e.%. 'or certai! activitie$ it ma# be &o$$ib"e to )ecrea$e their com&"etio! time$ b# $&e!)i!% more mo!e# ; ho )oe$ thi$ a''ect the overa"" com&"etio! time o' the &roject<:

PERT a$ )eve"o&e) b# the 34 Nav# 'or the &"a!!i!% a!) co!tro" o'
the Po"ari$ mi$$i"e &ro%ram a!) the em&ha$i$ a$ o! com&"eti!% the &ro%ram i! the $horte$t &o$$ib"e time. 5! a))itio! PERT ha) the abi"it# to co&e ith u!certai! activit# com&"etio! time$ 6e.%. 'or a &articu"ar activit# the mo$t "ike"# com&"etio! time i$ 7 eek$ but it cou") be a!# here bet ee! 8 eek$ a!) 9 eek$:.

CPM ; Critica" Path Metho)

-e'i!itio!+ 5! CPM activitie$ are $ho ! a$ a !et ork o' &rece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$ u$i!% activit#;o!;!o)e !et ork co!$tructio! = 4i!%"e e$timate o' activit# time = -etermi!i$tic activit# time$

USED IN : Pro)uctio! ma!a%eme!t ; 'or the job$ o' re&etitive i! !ature here the activit# time e$timate$ ca! be &re)icte) ith co!$i)erab"e certai!t# )ue to the e>i$te!ce o' &a$t e>&erie!ce.

PERT ; Project Eva"uatio! ? Revie Tech!i(ue$

-e'i!itio!+ 5! PERT activitie$ are $ho ! a$ a !et ork o' &rece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$ u$i!% activit#;o!;arro !et ork co!$tructio! = Mu"ti&"e time e$timate$ = Probabi"i$tic activit# time$

USED IN : Project management 'or !o!;re&etitive job$ 6re$earch a!) )eve"o&me!t ork:* here the time a!) co$t e$timate$ te!) to be (uite u!certai!. Thi$ tech!i(ue u$e$ &robabi"i$tic time e$timate$.

Ga!tt chart

Originated by H.L.Gantt in 1918

A)va!ta%e$ ; Ga!tt chart$ are (uite commo!"# u$e). The# &rovi)e a! ea$# %ra&hica" re&re$e!tatio! o' he! activitie$ 6mi%ht: take &"ace.

@imitatio!$ ; -o !ot c"ear"# i!)icate )etai"$ re%ar)i!% the &ro%re$$ o' activitie$ ; -o !ot %ive a c"ear i!)icatio! o' i!terre"atio! $hi& bet ee! the $e&arate activitie$

CPM/PERT
The$e )e'icie!cie$ ca! be e"imi!ate) to a "ar%e e>te!t b# $ho i!% the i!ter)e&e!)e!ce o' variou$ activitie$ b# mea!$ o' co!!ecti!% arro $ ca""e) !et ork tech!i(ue.

Overtime CPM a!) PERT became o!e tech!i(ue A-VANTAGE4+ = Prece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$ = "ar%e &roject$ = more e''icie!t

The Project Net ork

3$e o' !o)e$ a!) arro $

A! arro "ea)$ 'rom tai" to hea) )irectio!a""# = 5!)icate ACT5V5TA* a time co!$umi!% e''ort that i$ re(uire) to &er'orm a &art o' the ork.

Arro $

A !o)e i$ re&re$e!te) b# a circ"e ; 5!)icate EVENT* a &oi!t i! time here o!e or more activitie$ $tart a!)/or 'i!i$h.

No)e$

Activit# o! No)e ? Activit# o! Arro

Activit# o! No)e
; A com&"etio! o' a! activit# i$ re&re$e!te) b# a !o)e

Activit# o! Arro
; A! arro re&re$e!t$ a ta$k* hi"e a !o)e i$ the com&"etio! o' a ta$k ; Arro $ re&re$e!t or)er o' eve!t$

Activit# 4"ack
Each eve!t ha$ t o im&orta!t time$ a$$ociate) ith it + ; Ear"ie$t time * Te * hich i$ a ca"e!)ar time he! a eve!t ca!
occur he! a"" the &re)ece$$or eve!t$ com&"ete) at the ear"ie$t &o$$ib"e time$
;

@ate$t time * T! " hich i$ the "ate$t time the eve!t ca! occur ith
out )e"a#i!% the $ub$e(ue!t eve!t$ a!) com&"etio! o' &roject. -i''ere!ce bet ee! the "ate$t time a!) the ear"ie$t time o' a! eve!t i$ the $"ack time 'or that eve!t

Po$itive $"ack + 4"ack i$ the amou!t o' time a! eve!t ca! be )e"a#e)
ithout )e"a#i!% the &roject com&"etio!

Critica" Path

5$ that the $e(ue!ce o' activitie$ a!) eve!t$ B$"ackC i.e.. Dero $"ack @o!%e$t &ath throu%h a !et ork mi!imum &roject com&"etio! time

here there i$ !o

Be!e'it$ o' CPM/PERT

3$e'u" at ma!# $ta%e$ o' &roject ma!a%eme!t Mathematica""# $im&"e Give critica" &ath a!) $"ack time Provi)e &roject )ocume!tatio! 3$e'u" i! mo!itori!% co$t$

Eue$tio!$ A!$ ere) b# CPM ? PERT

Com&"etio! )ate< O! 4che)u"e< Fithi! Bu)%et< Critica" Activitie$< ,o ca! the &roject be 'i!i$he) ear"# at the "ea$t co$t<

e>am&"e
5""u$tratio! o' !et ork a!a"#$i$ o' a mi!or re)e$i%! o' a &ro)uct a!) it$ a$$ociate) &acka%i!%.

The key question is: How long will it take to complete this project ?

Gor c"arit#* thi$ "i$t i$ ke&t to a mi!imum b# $&eci'#i!% o!"# imme)iate re"atio!$hi&$* that i$ re"atio!$hi&$ i!vo"vi!% activitie$ that Hoccur !ear to each other i! timeH.

Be'ore $tarti!% a!# o' the above activit#* the (ue$tio!$ a$ke) ou") be

IHFhat activitie$ mu$t be 'i!i$he) be'ore thi$ activit# ca! $tartH Icou") Icou") e com&"ete thi$ &roject i! 81 e com&"ete thi$ &roject i! J eek$< eek$<

O!e a!$ er cou") be* i' e 'ir$t )o activit# .* the! activit# J* the! activit# 8* ....* the! activit# .1* the! activit# .. a!) the &roject ou") the! take the $um o' the activit# com&"etio! time$* 81 eek$. What is the minimum possible time in which we can complete this project ?

Fe $ha"" $ee be"o ho the !et ork a!a"#$i$ )ia%ram/&icture he"&$ u$ to a!$ er thi$ (ue$tio!.

e co!$truct

CR5T5CA@ PAT, TAKE4 J7 FEEK4 GOR T,E COMP@ET5ON OG T,E PROJECT

Packa%e$ are avai"ab"e to )etermi!e the $horte$t &ath a!) other re"eva!t i!'ormatio!.

-ata e!tr#

i!)o

Out&ut o' the &acka%e

@imitatio!$ to CPM/PERT

C"ear"# )e'i!e)* i!)e&e!)e!t a!) $tab"e activitie$ 4&eci'ie) &rece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$ Over em&ha$i$ o! critica" &ath$

Thank you