Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
OBJECTIVES
To develop a quality and safety manual for infant essential garment and to study the products catered by different brands in the same segment.
OBJECTIVES
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES To study and standardize the elements, laws associated and Safety of the garments according to the govt. set safety codes and parameters. To understand the infant garment , product available in the market and best practices for infant essential wear. To develop the quality and safety manual and make recommendations on products studied.
NEED OF PROJECT
With the increase in demand of branded Kids apparels in the market, the infant wear segment has seen a boom in past 3 yrs.[1] Though there is a hike in terms of sales and awareness, the market for infants wear remain mostly unorganized and fragmented.[2] Few big names have entered in India in past six years catering to organized infant wear.[3]
NEED OF PROJECT
There are few Indian brands which offers infants wear, Mom n me, Cucumber, Karrot ,Zero to name a few.[1] With the increase in disposable income of India*, new parents want to up bring their child with best they can provide.[2] Clothing is one of the main attribute of infants care and should comply to various laws and regulations.[3]
NEED OF PROJECT
An infant essential wear requires lot of attention, as the end-user is a baby, the garments are intended for daily use and comfort and functionality is most important aspect of infant essential wear.[1]
The need arises is to standardize the quality and safety of the product while taking care of maximizing the functionality of the garment.[]
COMPANY PROFILE
SHOPPERS STOP Setting up its first shop in 1991 with its flagship store in Andheri, Mumbai, Shoppers Stop is a member of the K. Raheja Corp. of Companies. Shoppers Stop is the first retail venture by the K. Raheja Corp. Expanding its operations to Bangalore, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai (Andheri, Bandra, Chembur, Kandivli, Mulund), Pune, Gurgaon and Kolkata, Shoppers Stop is today recognized as Indias premier shopping destination.[1]
COMPANY PROFILE
Customer Profile: Shoppers Stops customers fall between the age group of 0 years to 35 years.
Range of merchandise: The stores offer a complete range of apparel and lifestyle accessories for the entire family. From apparel brands for kids like UCB, Nauti Nati, Ruff, Mothercare, Gini n Jony, for adults like Provogue, Color Plus, Arrow, Levis, Van Huesen, Zodiac to cosmetic brands like Lakme, Chambor, Le Teint Ricci etc, Shoppers Stop caters to every lifestyle need. [1]
COMPANY PROFILE
Shoppers' Stop retails its own line of clothing namely Stop, Life , Karrot(INFANT WEAR) Kashish, Vettorio Fratini, Mario Zegnoti, life, Ijeans.[1]
KARROT
This is an inhouse brand of Shoppers stop. It was launched in 2011. Its targeted customer are those who are well known and are ready to pay for the good quality they are getting. This brand deals in essential wear for infants and toddlers.[1]
The volume of market share of kids apparels in the total 40.2 % apparel market is at 24.9%, as against a 15% share in Figures by India Apparel Report, 2005. [1] 2012
Unorganised retailing is characterized as unstructured and high degree of fragmentation with street markets constitutes form peddlers, street vendors, neighbourhood stores and consumer durable stores to manufacturer owned retail outlets.
REASON BEING
Rising disposable income of Indian middle-class: The Indian middle-class is the consuming class and the prime target segment for retailers in India. In 2005, it constituted around 6.4 per cent of total households in India but accounted for 20 per cent of the disposable income.
REASON BEING
By 2015, the middle class is expected to constitute around 25 percent of total households and account for 44 per cent of the total disposable income, and by 2025, the respective figures are likely to go up to 46 per cent and 58 per cent. The Indian middle-class population and their growing disposable income levels will drive the future growth of organised retail for infants in India. Current Disposable income of India is $1,577,692.1 US million.[3]
REASON BEING
Increase in working population: India is the secondlargest country in the world in terms of population, and is the largest consumer markets in the world owing to its favourable demographics. In 2012 Indias working population (in the 15-49 years age group) constituted around 63 per cent of the population as compared with 48.6 per cent in the UK, 49 per cent in the US, and 53 per cent in Russia. Further, the increase in the number of working women has fuelled the growth in sales of infant and kids products. There has been a 20 per cent increase in the number of working women in the last decade.[1]
REASON BEING
Branded kids wear players have entered the market and shown their worth. Raymond has ventured in with its kid's brand Zapp. Gini & Jony was brought in by the country's biggest corporate houses. Shoppers Stop has brought Mothercare UK to the country. Amongst international brands, Walt Disney, Barbie, Hot wheels, Okaidi have already set up their base and are happy to be in India. Refreshingly new is Oyo by Spykar. [1]
REASON BEING
As government has allowed 51 per cent FDI in Indian industry, there are many international players entering the junior wear market. Entry of these international brands has accelerated national brands in producing better products at best prices to beat the competition. Today, international firms are striving hard to survive for Indian junior wear industry is complex. Only brands that know minds of Indian consumers well can win. Thus, this is creating healthy competition between national and international brands by making national brands more powerful.[1]
REASON BEING
Nowadays, people prefer to shop at family stores, rather than going to three different stores for purchasing men's wear, women's wear and kids wear. The reason why brands are getting into line extensions can be need for grasping a larger market share and increasing their revenues. [1]
Differentiation of brands
Brand offering product for 0-2 yrs. Mothercare , Mom and me , Karrot , Disney , Zara , Zero , Local and online Brands, UCB kids, Nauti Nati westside, little kangaroos , little, moms pet
Brand not offering products for 0-2 yrs. Pantaloons, Ruff, gini and jony, catmoss, Zapp, liliput, Weekender, Tommy hilfiger, Stop, life,
Differentiation based on fashion and essential garment in the above age group
Essential Mothercare , Mom and me , Karrot , Disney , Zara , Zero , Local and online Brands Fashion Mothercare , Mom and me , Stop , UCB , Zara , Nauti nati , little kangaroos.
PRICE RANGE
Mothercare has used blend of Cotton-Polyester in two different ratio i.e (80.6% Cotton-19.4% Polyester and 77.2 % Cotton-22.8 % Polyester).
Varied construction has been used for making the Bibs, Mothercare has used French Terry Disney, Mom n me and karrot has Double jersey Construction while Zero has single jersey construction. Yarn count for cotton in mothercare Bibs are 43 Ne and 20.6 Ne , For disney it is 41.3 Ne, 41.8 Ne and 42.2 Ne, for Zero it is 51.9 Ne, For Karrot it is 50.9 Ne and Mom n me it is 44.4 Ne.
The wales and courses per inch have considerable variations from brand to brand. All the bibs meet the standards for minimum bursting strength with mothercare having the least bursting strength of 60 psi. Disney bib crosses the limit of Accepted pH value.
Density of fabric is similar as wales and courses per inch does not vary much. The GSM of the fabric varies from 172.6[1] to 218.8[2].
The ph according to standards should be acidic but mothercare crosses the limit with the ph of 7.5.
The count for single jersey fabrics are 20s. The variations in wales and courses per inch are quite evident. The lowest GSM being 143.5[1] and highest being 199.7[2] of the same brand. The lead content was detected in Mom n me Pyjama. The pH of the Zero, Mom n me and karrot pyjamas exceeds the limit and fall in alkaline pH.
T-Shirt The only fiber used in making of T-shirts is 100% Cotton. The two constructions used for knitting are Interlock and Single jersey. Wales and Courses per inch vary considerably from brand to brand.
The bursting strength meets the standard requirement of 55 psi. Formaldehyde is not detected . Except two pyjamas of mothercare and zero all other pyjamas exceed the limits of standard pH.
Recommendations
FABRIC
PRODUCT T-shirts PROBLEM - Fabric used is mostly 100% cotton, with traces of lycra and spandex in some RECOMMEND ATION - T-shirt with sna p button should be replaced with the one having more neck girth so there is no need of Snap Buttons. - Velcro used in some of the bibs should be upgraded to Satin Velcro. REASON - Extra cloth on one of shoulder makes it difficult for infant to wear it for long time and one of the side is always heavy.[1] - Soft satin Velcro should be used because the hooks in it are very small and Smooth as compared to normal Velcro.
Bibs
PRODUCT T-shirts
PROBLEM - One-side Opening at the shoulder with attached snap button is bulky and uneven in thickness.
RECOMMEND ATION - T-shirt with sna p button should be replaced with the one having more neck girth so there is no need of Snap Buttons. - Velcro used in some of the bibs should be upgraded to Satin Velcro.
REASON - Extra cloth on one of shoulder makes it difficult for infant to wear it for long time and one of the side is always heavy.[1] - Soft satin Velcro should be used because the hooks in it are very small and Smooth as compared to normal Velcro.
Bibs
RECOMMEND ATION -Front opening should be used replacing the side opening.
REASON
- Sleeping Suit meant for children above 1 yr doesnt have grip at feet.
-Ease of Diaper changing and Comfort to a Baby are two important reasons for it.[2] - Rubber grip - Grips are should be given at required above 1 the feet for infant yr because a child above 1 yr. tries to stand from this age and thus need an grip to stand without slipping.[3]
Pyjamas
- All pyjamas does not have enough space to accumalate a diaper comfortably.
- An extra panel should be added at crotch area so that diaper can fit in comfortably.
- Addition of such
Seam Analysis
Seam is defined as the application of series of stitches or stitch type to one or several thickness of material.(BS: 3890) Seam Strength depends on: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Fabric type and weight Thread type and size Stitch and seam construction Stitches per inch Stitch balance
Elasticity
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Elasticity of any seam depends on the following factors: Fabric type and strength Seam type Stitch type Thread tension Thread elasticity Elasticity involves two factors, elongation and recovery. Seam elasticity is the degree that a seam recovers to its original length immediately after elongation. If seam does not elongate as much as fabric the thread and stitches usually break.
Elasticity
Highly elastic stitches include 103, 401, 406, 503, 504, 512, 514 and 516. The 504 three thread over-edge stitch provides maximum attainable extendibility.(Carr & Latham)
Security of Seams
Security of the seam is must in infants garment as unravelling may pose threat to their life. Many a times poorly secured seam get tangled in fingers of a baby thus restricting the blood circulation and leading to fatal injuries.
Flexibility
Seam flexibility affects the comfort and abrasion resistance of apparel. Flexible seams allow for more body conformity and movement. Rigid seams can cause body discomfort and irritation. A flexible seam is able to bend, shift and fold without damage to the seam or distortion to the silhouette of the garment.
The satin velcros attached should be stitched with SNLS, 301 and should be rounded in shape.
Sleeping Suit
Sleeping suit is meant to be worn at night but mothers sometimes use it as a body suit to cover their babies. The best sleeping suit is one with minimum seams. Since the fabric used is knitted fabric, seams are done by sergers.
Sleeping Suit
514 for the side seams, shoulder, sleeve and booties attachment and using the multi needle chainstitch i.e. coverstitch for hemmings and sewing the binding all over the raw edges, preferably 406.
BIBS
Fabric : Knit terry, 80% cotton 20% polyester. 100% PEVA (polyethylene vinyl acetate)waterproof sheet should be used
Bibs, an indispensable part of babies' and toddlers' wardrobes, keep the clothing clean when feeding. The best fabrics for bibs are soft, absorbent types, including terrycloth, flannel and medium to heavy cotton. Fabrics used in bibs need to be easy to wash and dry. Shoulder strap should be wide to make it stand on the shoulder.
BIBS
Knit terry cloth is similar to French terry cloth, but French terry cloth can be knit or woven. To make knit terry cloth, interlocking loops of one or more strands of yarn are bound together. That being said, knit terry is otherwise identical in its properties to French terry.
Bibs
Trim : Thread: Velcro : Rib 1*1 T 24 Satin , soft hook and loop fastner ( satin velcro).
Sleeping suit
Fabric : Interlock fabric, 70% cotton 30% viscose. The booties attached should be made with single jersey fabric -Interlock have an identical appearance on front and rear surface they are double surfaced. -It provides a better heat insulation since there is a layer of air between front and rear surfaces. It keeps warmer compared to other single yarn knitted fabrics.
Sleeping Suit
-Humidity removal property of interlock knitted fabrics is higher since it has a bulk structure. -Along with this, binding on the neck should be given. - Grips on the booties for the size above 1year
Sleeping suit
Trim :
Thread:
Snap Button:
Mobilon tape:
Pyjama
Fabric : 65-35 cotton viscose blend, Single jersey. Stretch value is highest in single jerseys which is required in pyjamas for infants because of their rigorous movements. Cost effective
Pyjamas
Trim : Thread: Perma Kool T 24 (for overlock and flatlock monofilament thread and for snls z twisted thread) Elastics : Shrink Resistant, BHT free
T-shirts
Fabric : Interlock fabric, 70% cotton 30% viscose.
- Interlock have an identical appearance on front and rear surface they are double surfaced.
- Humidity removal property of interlock knitted fabrics is higher since it has a bulk structure. - Binding on the neck should be given.
Pyjama
Fabric : 65-35 cotton viscose blend, Single jersey. Stretch value is highest in single jerseys which is required in pyjamas for infants because of their rigorous movements. Cost effective
Pyjamas
Trim : Thread: Elastics : Perma Kool T 24 Shrink Resistant, BHT free
T-shirts
Fabric : Interlock fabric, 70% cotton 30% viscose. - Interlock have an identical appearance on front and rear surface they are double surfaced. - Humidity removal property of interlock knitted fabrics is higher since it has a bulk structure. - Binding on the neck should be given.
T-shirts
Trim : Thread: Rib 1*1 or interlock for binding Perma Kool T 24 for shoulder support
Mobilon tape:
Some laws which are studied are directly related to infants and childrens apparels while some are in general.
THANK YOU