QTP 9.

Material Prepared by Sriraman K

Objectives
Automation Need for automation, Rules of automation Exposure to the Automation Concepts and Kick start the learning of one of the leading tool QTP

Need of Automation
Speed Automation Scripts run very fast when compared to human users Reliable Tests perform precisely the same operations each time they are run, there by eliminating human error. Repeatable We can test how the application reacts after repeated execution of the same operation Comprehensive We can build a suite of tests that covers every feature in our application Reusable We can reuse tests on different versions of an application, even if the user interface changes.

Rules of Automation
Testing Tools are usually very expensive. The test manager or the test lead has to think twice before going in for automating his test effort. There are also some widely held false notions or beliefs about automation tools. In general, the golden rules that should be kept in mind in the regard are.

Golden Rules
Product feature understanding, test planning, test case documentation, test bed setup, defect tracking, progression tests are all done in manual mode Test automation success depends on robustness of the test cases not on the test tool. Every manual step has commands in test scripts If it is not worth, DO NOT AUTOMATE. Do not build application logic in your test scripts Always have a common know base state for test cases One test script Action must address one test case.

What are the different tools available in the market (for functional testing) Quick Test Professional (HP) WinRunner (HP) Robot (IBM Rational) Functional Tester (IBM Rational) SilkTest (Borland) TestComplete (AutomatedQA) QAWizard (Seapine) TestPartner (Compuware) QEngine (AdventNet) Open source tools (Sahi, Watir)

Life Cycle Of AutomationAnalyze the Application Select The Tool Identify the session Design/ Record Test Scripts

Run the test scripts

Finding & Reporting the defects

Introduction to QTP Developed by Mercury interactive now owned by HP Developed for web functionality QTP supports both web applications & windows applications QTP Developed in 2002, present version in the market is 9.5 Test Script developed on VB Script QTP supported Technology
.NET. J2EE, Main Frame, XML, Java, Delphi ERP -> SAP, Seibel, People soft

QTP Supports both Technical & Non Technical People QTP run on only windows platform not supporting UNIX, Linux etc

Environment needs for QTP 9.2

System Requirement Hardware Drive RAM OS : Equivalent to P3 and above : 250MB of Free Memory space : 512MB of RAM : M/S windows 2000 server with 3-4 service pack M/S windows XP with 1-2 SP M/S windows 2003 with no service pack : MS Internet Explorer 5.5 and above Netscape Navigator 6.11, 6.22, 6.23, 7.02, 7.1 AOL 8.0, 9.0

Web Browser

Add Ins of QTP Technology supported by the QTP

By default three Add Ins are there in QTP ActiveX VB Web Additional Add ins: Java Oracle People soft .NET Terminal Emulator (RTE) SAP Siebel Delphi

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Window Structure of QTP 1) Test Pane 2) Active Screen 3) Data Table

4) Debug Viewer

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Architecture Of QTP Script(.mts file) Action1 Rep1(.mtr file) Sheet1(localSheet) Parameters (Action Parameter) Shared Repository (.tsr File) Global Sheet Environment Parameter Test Parameter Action3 Rep3 Sheet3(localSheet) Parameters (Action Parameter) Action2 Rep2 Sheet2(localSheet) Parameters (Action Parameter)

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Course Objective
Object Spy Object Identification
Understanding customizing Non Standard Objects Understanding Way of Recognition

Object Repository Simple Record and Replay Types of Record Context Sensitive, Analog, Low Level Record Managing Script with Various Data
Parameters (DataTable)

VB Scripting (String Manipulation, Msgbox, Split command, InStr, Loops, Conditions) Managing Script with Dynamic Objects
Regular Expression Smart Identification

Check Points Standard, Bitmap, Text

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Object SpyObject spy is used to display or view all the physical properties and methods of an object.

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Object Identification Used to Map non Standard Object to Standard Object Used to configure Recognition properties for an object class.
Mandatory Properties Assistive properties (are used when mandatory property fails to recognize the object uniquely) Ordinal Identifier (are used when both mandatory and assistive fails to recognize the object uniquely)
Location (Represent x- coordinate of the screen or parent object Nearest to x is 0) Index (Works based on active screen active screen being 0 by default) Creation Time (For web browsers, no. of instances decides the creation time)

Recognition properties are configured using

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Object Repository Stores the object for the purpose of playing back Uses Logical Name and Description properties to recognize the object from script and application respectively Description Properties are created through Object Identification Repository can be managed using Per Action mode (.mtr File) and Shared Repository Mode (.tsr File) by the script
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Object Repository Dialog Box-

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Recording Modes Three Modes of Recording

Context Sensitive or Normal Recording Uses the object class and properties and method to perform action. Analog Recording Understands only the key or mouse movements
Relative to the screen: Desktop.RunAnalog Track1 Relative to the window: Window(<<objName>>).RunAnalog Track1

Low Level Recording Understand the x and y coordinate of the within the object on which the action is performed. Object(<<ObjName>>).Click (22,45)

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Record a Test

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Record & Run Settings-

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Run a Test and Save Results-

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View Test Results-

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Virtual Object Virtual Object is used to identify the properties of similar objects in a particular Area.
window(Paint).Activate Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Click 72,16 Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Click 80,14 window(Paint).Close

Example: In normal recording if we select the paint brush window, the script will look like this-

If we are using Virtual object, the script will look like thiswindow(Paint).Activate Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Virtual Button(RED) Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Virtual Button(BLUE) window(Paint).Close

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VB Scripting
Msgbox() Inputbox() String manupulation
Using Variables Using Concatenation Split () Instr()

Loops For loop, Do while, Select Case Conditions If then Else

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Parameters Data manipulation

Script Level Parameterization
Constant DataTable(clmName,dtLocal/GlobalSheet) RandomNumber(start,End) Environment(Paraname) Action Parameter - Parameter(ParaName) Constant DataTable RandomNumber Environment Test Parameter

Action Parameter

Test Parameter
Constant (Test Parameter can be configured only through Action Parameter)

Environment Parameter
Build In User Defined

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Action Parameter
Action Parameter
To create an Action Parameter Go to Action, Right Click, Select Action Properties and give Default value to be used. To Modify Action Parameter default value Go to Action, Right Click, Select Action Call Properties and select the parameter for which modification is needed, select value column and click on configure value button under value. To control the iteration of Action Sheet, Go to Action, Right Click, Select Action call properties and Run tab
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Test Parameter &Environment

Test Parameter
File->Setting->Parameter Tab Only constant value can be used To use the test parameter in the script, Test parameter needs to configured to action parameter.

Environment Parameter
File->Setting->Environment Tab Build in and User defined parameters To use the environment in other machines, use export and import under environment parameter tab
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Setting the Parameter Value-

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Using Data Sheet (Global, Local & Location)-

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Multiple Actions
How to Create New Actions?
Creating as Independent Action (Call to New action, Select at the end of test radio button) Creating as Nested Action (Call to new action, Select After the current test radio button)

Dependent Action One action depends on another action for want of data
Using Datatable Output Value Using Output Parameter Output Value Output value Select the object from active screen, Right click, Select output value At Recording time Select from menu Insert->Output Value>Standard Output value
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Reusable Actions
How to make an action as Reusable Action? Passing Parameters for Reusable Action
Using Input Parameters Using Output Parameters

SystemUtil Commands .Exist Command Syntex of Reusable Action

RunAction ActionName[ScriptName], One/Alliteration, Parameters(optional)

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Dynamic Objects What is Dynamic Object? When we can say, the object is dynamic? Ways to Solve those dynamic objects

What is Smart Identification?

SetTOProperty Parent().Object(Logical).SetTOProperty propertyName, Value Regular Expression Repository Parameter Smart Identification It is a second level of Recognition Mechanism to recognize an object when it is failed using Description properties It is not a permanent method to solve a dynamic object It is an indication to the user that the object is not managed using description properties
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Regular Expressions This can be used where there is a pattern of Change.

Regular Expressions can be used in the following areas:
1) Check Points 2) In parameterization

3) Data Driven test

4) Actions 5) Exception Handling.etc

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Using a Regular Expression-

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Some Regular ExpressionsExpression Period Asterisk Char . * Description Matches any single character Matches zero to any number of occurrences of the preceding character Matches one to any number of occurrences of the preceding character Matches a range of characters Matches a range of numbers Matches any alphanumeric character including underscore Matches any non-alphanumeric character Matches any digit Matches exactly four digits

Plus

Brackets

[A-Z][a-z] [0-9] \w

\W Digit \d \d{4}

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Smart Identification Smart Identification is used as Second level of recognition mechanism. When the Quick test fails to recognize the object through description properties, it tries to identify the object using Smart identification.
By invoking smart identification, system takes more time than usual time so if an object is identified in smart identification method then that object needs to be attended Two properties are available in Smart identification They areBase Filter Properties (This property has to match) Optional Filter Properties (Atleast one of the property should be unique)

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Synchronization Point Synchronization point maintains the time coordination between testing process and your application process. Types of Synchronization
Sync Wait WaitProperty Exist

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Check Points Check Point is a verification point that compares the current value of the specified property with the expected value for that property.
Standard Check Point Text/ Text Area Check Point Bitmap Check point Database Check Point XML Check Point Accessibility Check Point/ Web Checkpoint

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Checkpoint Types

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Inserting a Checkpoint During Recording-

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Insert a Checkpoint After Recording-

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Identifying a Failed Checkpoint-

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Exception Handling

It enables Quick test to detect and handle when unexpected error occurred during execution time. Types of Exception Handling:
Popup Exception Handling Object State Exception Handling Test Run Exception Handling Application Crash

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Comments & QueriesQueries are always welcome.

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FeedbackPlease spend few minutes from your valuable time to provide your feedback. It will help us to improve in next sessions. Contact Details Sriraman K Email : sriramank@softsmith.com Thanks & Happy Testing..

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