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MATERIAL HANDLING
Material
handling is the function of moving the right material to the right place in the right time, in the right amount, in sequence, and in the right condition to minimize production cost.
MATERIAL HANDLING
A
material-handling system can be simply defined as an integrated system involving such activities as handling, storing, and controlling of materials.
The
word material has very broad meaning, covering all kinds of raw materials, work in process, subassemblies, and finished assemblies.
MATERIAL HANDLING
The
primary objective of using a material handling system is to ensure that the material in the right amount is safely delivered to the desired destination at the right time and at minimum cost.
MATERIAL HANDLING
The
material handling system is properly designed not only to ensure the minimum cost and compatibility with other manufacturing equipment but also to meet safety concerns.
The cost of MH estimates 20-25 of total manufacturing labor cost in the United States
primary goal is to reduce unit costs of production or improve product quality, reduce damage of materials safety and improve working conditions
Maintain
Promote
increased use of
facilities
Reduce
weight)
Control
productivity
Transport Equipment: industrial trucks, Automated Guided vehicles (AGVs), monorails, conveyors, cranes and hoists.
Storage Systems: bulk storage, rack systems, shelving and bins, drawer storage, automated storage systems.
Unitizing Equipment: palletizers Identification and Tracking systems
2. Flow rate
Short
Long
Move Distance
3. Plant Layout
Layout Type Fixed position Characteristics Large product size, low production rate Variation in product and processing, low and medium production rates Typical MH Equipment Cranes, hoists, industrial trucks
Process
Product Limited product variety, high production rate Conveyors for product flow, trucks to deliver components to stations.
Material handling planning considers every move, every storage need, and any delay in order to minimize production costs.
The plan should reflect the strategic objectives of the organization as well as the more immediate needs.
SIMPLIFICATION PRINCIPLE
simplify handling by reducing, eliminating, or combining unnecessary movement and/or equipment.
Four questions to ask to simplify any job: Can this job be eliminated? If we cant eliminate, can we combine movements to reduce cost? (unit load concept) If we cant eliminate or combine, can we rearrange the operations to reduce the travel distance? If we cant do any of the above, can we simplify?
GRAVITY PRINCIPLE
Utilize gravity to move material whenever practical.
Racks, mezzanines, and overhead conveyors are a few examples that promote this goal.
cardboard pallets
plastic pallets
wooden pallets
steel skids
AUTOMATION PRINCIPLE
MH operations should be mechanized and/or automated where feasible to improve operational efficiency, increase responsiveness, improve consistency and predictability, decrease operating costs.
trucks include hand trucks such as two-wheeled, four-wheeled, hand lift, and forklift and powered trucks such as forklift, tractor-trailer trains, industrial crane trucks, and side loaders. such as belt, chute, roller, wheel, slat, chain, bucket, trolley, tow, screw, vibrating, and pneumatic. hoists, and cranes such as bridge, gantry, tower, and stacker.
Conveyors
Monorails,
guided vehicle systems such as unit load carriers, towing, pallet trucks, fork trucks, and assembly line. storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) such as unit load, mini-load, person-on-board, deep lane, and storage carousel systems.
Automated