RIGGING & LIFTING SAFETY

HSES Training Centre

Rigging Safety 1

PROGRAM OBJECTIVES

Enable riggers to safely connect loads to cranes. To properly identify immediate and potential hazards and prescribe corrective actions. Reduce employers liability exposure through training and certification.

Rigging Safety 2

Origin and Art of Rigging

The earliest rigging was used to raise and lower sails and lift large blocks in the construction of pyramids.

Rigging Safety 3

Definition of Rigging
Rigging is part of the lifting operation which forms the link between the crane and the load.

Rigging Safety 4

SAFETY
The act or process designed to eliminate risk or danger from an environment.

Rigging Safety 5

Course Objectives

REMEMBER,
learning has not taken place until behavior has changed.

Rigging Safety 6

Training Focus for Riggers

Analyzing loads
Selecting correct type of gear Selecting correct capacity of gear

Selecting gear for proper fit

Rigging Safety 7

Training Focus for Rigging Inspectors

Understanding Interpreting Applying

Standards & Regulations

Rigging Safety 8

Why Train Riggers & Rigging Inspectors?

Accident Prevention Limit Liability Exposure

Rigging Gear Rating based on Breaking Strength

Rigging Safety 9

Accident Prevention

? ? ? ?
?

MENT AL

W rong Attitude
Way crane is perceived.

W rong A ssum ptions

T akes little skill to operate.

PHY SICAL

W rong Actions
Allows unqualified personnel to operate cranes.

A C C ID E N T S

Accident Prevention takes place first in the mind. Thinking has to change! Rigging Safety 10

Accident Statistics
Percentage of crane accidents due to rigging

Rigging Safety 11

Fatality Statistics
Construction fatalities due to rigging failure

Training conducted over a 10 year period have reduced fatalities by 9% .

Rigging Safety 12

Rigging Rating Based on Breaking Strength

How Components Fail
Wear Bent Stripped threads Broken wires Kinking Capacity marking Cut plys Wear Bent Fastening Fitting Crushing

Wear Bent

Melted

Pitch

{
13

Full thread Torn stitching

Latch

Rigging Safety

Hook

Rigging Types
Slings

Wire Rope

Chain

Metal Mesh
Synthetic

Synthetic Round

Synthetic Rope
Rigging Safety
RB 37

14

Rigging Types
Hardware

Rigging Safety

RB 93

15

Rigging Types
Hitches

Basic Hitches Vertical Vertical Basket

Choker

Rigging Safety

RB 39

16

Rigging Types
Hooks

Operating Area

Rigging Safety

RB 95

17

Rigging Types
Eye Bolts
Non-shouldered eye bolts are only designed for vertical loads.

Rigging Safety

RB105

18

Center of Gravity

Rigging Safety

RB137

19

Problems & Concerns

What are the major problems and concerns facing riggers and rigging inspectors?

Rigging Safety 20

Standards

Without a standard for straightness, this flag pole could be called straight.

Definition of a standard:

...set up and established by authority as the rule for the measure of quantity, weight, extent, value or quality.

Rigging Safety 21

Inspector Qualification & Credentials

Designated person - A person who is selected or assigned by the employer or the employers representative as being qualified to perform specific duties. Qualified person - A person who, by extensive knowledge, training and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve and resolve problems related to the subject matter and work. Competent person - One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards, and has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

Rigging Safety 22

Chain Hoist & Hook Inspection Record

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Monthly Wire Rope and Hook Inspection Record

Rigging Safety 24

WIRE ROPE
Basic Components

wire core wire rope strand center wire

Rigging Safety

RB 1

25

WIRE ROPE
Classification

Rigging Safety

RB 2

26

WIRE ROPE
Basic Cores

Fiber Core (FC)

Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC)

Wire Strand Core (WSC)

Rigging Safety
RB 6

27

WIRE ROPE
Lays

Right Lay

Left Lay

Lay Length

Rigging Safety

RB 7

28

WIRE ROPE
Lays

Regular Lay

Lang Lay

Rigging Safety

RB 8

29

WIRE ROPE
Special Ropes Rotation Resistant Ropes

Rigging Safety

RB 10

30

WIRE ROPE
Seizing and Cutting

Preformed Ropes

Non-Preformed or Rotation Resistant Ropes

Rigging Safety

RB 11

31

WIRE ROPE
Installation

Rigging Safety

RB 12

32

WIRE ROPE
Winding onto Drum

Always reel from top to top or from bottom to bottom.

Never reel from top to bottom or from bottom to top.

Rigging Safety

RB 12

33

WIRE ROPE
Measurement

Right Across Crowns

Wrong Across Flat Areas

Rigging Safety

RB 16

34

WIRE ROPE
Clips

Never saddle a dead horse

live line

Right way: saddle on live end

dead end

Wrong way: clips staggered

Wrong way: clips reversed Rigging Safety

RB 20

35

WIRE ROPE
Wedge Sockets

Wrong

Right

Rigging Safety

RB 27

36

Hardware Application

Rigging Safety

RB 95

37

Hook Inspection
Hooks must be removed from service when any of the following conditions exist:

Cracks, nicks or gouges. Twist exceeding 10 from plane of unbent hook. Latch engagement, damage or malfunction. Throat opening exceeding 15%. Wear exceeding 10% of original dimension. Damage from heat. Unauthorized repairs. Rigging Safety
RB 95

38

Shackle Application

Rigging Safety

RB 99

39

Shackle Application

Rigging Safety

RB 100

40

Shackle Application

Rigging Safety

RB 102

41

Hardware Shackles Inspection

Absence of capacity or identifying marks Bent or distorted pin and/or body Nicks, gouges or cracks
10% wear pin distortion

Heat or chemical damage Body spread Reduction in diameter of pin and/or body greater than shoulder 10% flush spread

Rigging Safety

RB 103

42

Eye Bolt Types

Shouldered with Nut

Shouldered Machinery

Non-Shouldered with Nut

Rigging Safety

RB 105

43

Eye Bolt Application

Non-shouldered eye bolts are only designed for vertical loads.

Rigging Safety

RB106

44

Eye Bolt Installation

Angular loading must be in the plane of the eye.

Plane of the eye

Rigging Safety
RB106

45

Eye Bolt Application

Rigging Safety

RB110

46

Hoist Ring Application

Rigging Safety

RB115

47

Determining Load Weight

cylinder weight

block weight cylinder weight block weight = estimated weight

Rigging Safety

RB131

48

Center of Gravity

Rigging Safety

RB137

49

Load Softeners

Rigging Safety

RB138

50

HARDWARE
Lifting Beams

Rigid Beam

Spreader Beam

Rigging Safety

RB145

51

Handling of Loads
Tag Lines

Rigging Safety

RB147

52

Sling Hitches

Vertical

Vertical Basket

Choker

Rigging Safety

RB 39

53

SLINGS
Double Wrap Basket Hitch

Rigging Safety

RB 44

54

Sling Angles

Rigging Safety

RB 49

55

Calculating Sling Loading

Steps: 1. Determine sling angles. (45) 2. Go to 2-leg bridle capacity column at 45 3. Select 2-leg bridle with capacity equal to or greater than load to be lifted. ( inch rope diameter at 3.6 tons)

Rigging Safety

RB 50

56

Calculating Sling Loading

Steps: 1. Determine sling angles. (45) 2. Select corresponding Load Angle Factor. (1.414) 3. Multiply load weight by Load Angle Factor to get total load on sling legs. (2000 lbs x 1.414 = 2828) 4. Divide total load by the number of sling legs. (2828 lbs 2 = 1414 lbs per sling leg) 5. Select slings from the single vertical leg column within the sling capacity table.

Rigging Safety

RB 51

57

Calculating Sling Loading

Steps:

1. Divide length by height to get Load Angle Factor. ( 6 ft 4 ft = 1.5)

2. Multiply Load Angle Factor by load weight to get total load on sling legs. ( 1.5 x 2000 lbs = 3000 lbs) 3. Divide total load by number of sling legs to get load on each sling leg. ( 3000 lbs 2 = 1500 lbs per sling leg) 4. Select slings from the single vertical leg column within the sling capacity table.

Rigging Safety

RB 52

58

Determining Sling Capacity

Rigging Safety

RB 50

59

Calculating Sling Loading

50

Steps: 1. Determine sling angles. (50) 2. Go to 2-leg bridle capacity column at 50 3. Select 2-leg bridle with capacity equal to or greater than load to be lifted. ( inch rope diameter at 3.6 tons)

Rigging Safety

RB 50

60

Effect of Tension

Rigging Safety

RB 38

61

Working Near Power Lines

The person responsible shall:

Contact the utility company. Conduct an on-site planning meeting. Arrange for insulated barriers to be installed. Have power lines re-routed.

Rigging Safety

RB128

62

Working Near Power Lines

Rigging Safety

RB129

63

Working Near Power Lines

No part of the crane or load should enter the prohibited zone. Rigging Safety
RB130

64

Directing the Lift

Mobile Crane Hand Signals

20 18 7 11 4 5 2 9 10 17

Rigging Safety

___Dog Everything ___Travel (both tracks) ___Move Slowly ___Raise the Boom and Lower the Load ___Stop ___Emergency Stop ___Use Whip Line ___Raise Boom ___Lower Boom ___Travel

12 19 13 14 3 6 1 8 15 16

___Lower the Boom and Raise the Load ___Travel (one track) ___Extend Boom ___Retract Boom ___Hoist ___Lower ___Use Main Hoist ___Swing ___Extend Boom (one hand) ___Retract boom (one hand)

RB151

65

Riggers Capacity Card

Rigging Safety 66

Riggers Capacity Card

Rigging Safety 67

Riggers Capacity Card

Rigging Safety 68

Riggers Capacity Card

Rigging Safety 69

Riggers Capacity Card

Rigging Safety 70