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CORROSION:TYPES EFFECTS & PREVENTION

PRESENTED BY: Aaradhna Mangla 10 E Roll No 2

What is Corrosion?

When a metal is attacked by the substance around it such as moisture, acids, etc., it is said to corrode and this process is called corrosion. We have observed that iron articles are shiny when new, but get coated with a reddish brown powder when left for some time. This process is generally called rusting of iron.

Effects of corrosion
Corrosion causes damage to car bodies, bridges, iron railings, ships, and to all objects made of metals, specially those of iron. It is a serious problem. Every year an enormous amount of money is spent to replace damaged iron.
Iron reacts with moist air and acquires a coating called rust. It obtains reddish brown layer. Copper turns green to form copper carbonate. It reacts with moist carbon dioxide in the air. Silver articles turn black. It reacts with sulphur in air to form a layer of silver sulphide.

iron

copper

silver

Conditions for iron to rust


Reduced Strength Downtime of equipment Escape of fluids Lost surface properties Reduced value of goods Economic losses

The consequences of corrosion are many and varied and the effects of these on the safe, reliable and efficient operation of equipment or structures are often more serious than the simple loss of a mass of metal. Failures of various kinds and the need for expensive replacements may occur even though the amount of metal destroyed is quite small.

CORROSION PREVENTION:Electrically insulate the two metals from each other. Unless they are in electrical contact, there can be no galvanic couple set up. Coating the two materials or if it is not possible to coat both, the coating shall be applied to the more noble, the material with higher potential. Another way is to keep the metals dry and/or shielded from ionic compounds (salts, acids, bases), for example by painting or encasing the protected metal in plastic or epoxy, and allowing them to dry. Proper selection of materials with known resistance to the service environment . Control pH, chloride concentration and temperature Cathodic protection and/or Anodic Protection. Regular mechanical cleaning if possible. Chemical treatment with biocides to control the population of bacteria. Complete drainage and dry-storage.

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