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PETE 320
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Lesson 3
Mud Systems
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PETE 320
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Mud Systems
Read: MI Chapters 3, & 5 Multimedia Program 3 & 4
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PETE 320
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Mud systems
Diagnostic tests Water based muds Oil based muds Additives Mud handling system
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PETE 320
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Diagnostic tests
API recommended mud tests were devised to help the mud engineer determine whether the drilling fluid is performing its functions properly.
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Diagnostic tests
Mud Balance Density of mud
PETE 320
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Marsh Funnel
Consistency of mud
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PETE 320
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Diagnostic tests
Rotational Viscometer
Measures Rheological properties of mud Rheology is the study of the flow characteristics of a drilling fluid and how these characteristics affect movement of the fluids From this info the circulating system can be designed or evaluated regarding how it will accomplish certain desired objectives.
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Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering
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PETE 320
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Rotational Viscometer
Dimensions of bob and rotor are chosen so that the dial reading at 300 rpm is equal to the apparent Newtonian viscosity in cp.
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PETE 320
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Rotational Viscometer
Bingham plastic fluids
PV, cp - measure of internal resistance to fluid flow resulting from the interactions of solids in the drilling fluid YP, lbf/100 sq. ft. - measure of the internal resistance of a fluid to initial flow. Gel, lbf/100 sq. ft. - measure of electrical attractive forces within the drilling fluid under static conditions
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Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering
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PETE 320
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Rotational Viscometer
Power law
K is a measure of the thickness of the fluid n is a measure of the deviation from Newtonian fluid behavior.
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PETE 320
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Diagnostic tests
pH Determination
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Diagnostic tests
API Filter press measure filtration rate and filter cake thickness
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PETE 320
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Diagnostic tests
HTHP filter press measure filtration rate and filter cake thickness at higher differential pressures and temperatures
Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering
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PETE 320
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Diagnostic tests
Chemical Analysis - Test for:
OH-, Cl-, Ca++
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Diagnostic tests
Chloride Concentration - is salt present Water Hardness Sand Content - Effectiveness of solids control equipment
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PETE 320
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Diagnostic tests
Mud Retort - volume fraction of oil, water, and solids in mud Cation Exchange Capacity of Clays volume fraction of low gravity solids
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PETE 320
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Pilot Tests
Use samples of 350 ml of mud. 350 ml is called one barrel equivalent
1.0lbm 454 g 1bbl 1gal 1g 1bbl lbm 42 gal 3785 mL 350 mL
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PETE 320
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Pilot Tests
Vt = V1 + V2 + + Vn Vi = mi/ ri r = (m1 + m2 + + mn) (V1 + V2 + + Vn)
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PETE 320
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PETE 320
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PETE 320
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PETE 320
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PETE 320
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PETE 320
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PETE 320
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Additives
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PETE 320
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