A thermoacoustic refrigerator driven by a low temperature differential, highefficiency multistage thermoacoustic engine

S. Hasegawa, T. Yamaguchi, Y. Oshinoya

(Elsvier, Received 24 July 2012, Accepted 16 April 2013 Available online 2 May 2013)

Advisor: Prof. Akiyoshi Iida Assistant Prof. Hiroshi Yokoyama Student: Subhan Ullah Student ID: M135117
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Table of contents
Introduction
Background Previous research Objective

Methodology
Design parameters Calculation methodology

Results Summary
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Introduction
Background Previous research Objective

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Background
Roughly one-third of the energy consumed by industry is discharged as thermal losses
Most of this waste energy, however, is of low quality (i.e., below 300 F (260 C) and is typically not practical or economical to recover with current technology

To solve this problem, a multistage double loop thermoacoustic engine that can lower the critical onset temperature upto 110K has been proposed
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Previous research
T. Jin et al. (A thermoacoustically driven pulse tube refrigerator capable of working below 120K) a minimum of 117.6K is achieved.

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Objective
Numerical calculation for modeling thermoacoustic (TA) cooler driven by TA engine.

To determine configuration that enables lowtemp. oscillation and high efficiency. To derive thermal efficiency when temp. ratio of the prime mover is changed.
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Methodology

Analysis model & design parameters Calculation methodology

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Analysis model

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Design parameters
Length(m)
Ambient HX 1
Regenerator 1 Hot HX1

Diameter (mm)

Aperture ratio(%)

r(mm)

0.031

100
100 100

72
83.4 72

1.3
r1=0.125 1.3

0.06 0.026

Ambient HX 2
Regenerator 2 Hot HX 2 Ambient HX 3 Regenerator 3 Hot HX 3 Ambient HX 4 Regenerator 4 Cold HX 10/25/2013

0.031
0.06 0.026 0.031 0.06 0.026 0.031 0.08 0.026

100
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

72
83.4 72 72 83.4 72 72 75 72

1.3
r2=0.075 1.3 1.3 r3=0.1 1.3 1.3 r4=0.055 1.3
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Calculation methodology
The method devised by Rott, based on the first-order differential equation,

If we calculate Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of matrix A in above equation, leads to

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 Solving simultaneous equations by eliminating p and U gives us,

The operating conditions can be determined without reference to such terms

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 Also,

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 The 2nd law efficiency for engine is calculated by;

The 2nd law efficiency for refrigerator is calculated by;

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 The second law efficiency of the entire apparatus

COP is the value obtained by dividing all Q values, which is the total sum of each engines heat input by heat output Qout.
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Results

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summary
It is shown that a multistage type thermoacoustic engine, optimized using numerical calculations proposed in this research produces oscillations at 110.8 K, which is equivalent to a typical industrial waste heat temperature And second law efficiency of the entire apparatus is over 21%. The results show that using multistage type can produce a low temperature oscillation compatible with high efficiency.
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