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SRAN6.0 Solution
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This course is based on the SRAN6.0 solution. Before learning this course, you have received the training of the following SRAN6.0 courses:
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Training Objective
Describe the basic principles of intermodulation interference and CDMA network interference.
Explain how to troubleshoot interference problems by using the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing
functions.
Explain principles of the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing functions.
Know how to use the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing functions.
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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Signaling Analysis
The BER is higher than that of other cells.
Man-made noise is one of the main interference sources for the mobile communication system. Interference within or between communication equipment can be overcome by network planning and system optimization.
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 5
Intra-Network Interference
Co-channel or adjacentchannel interference Repeater interference Intermodulation interference
Inter-Network Interference
Radar station Simulation BTS CDMA BTS Cordless telephone set at M900 band Other intra-frequency radio equipment and interference units
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Standard requirement on antenna feeder intermodulation: When the input is 2*20 W, TX signal (dBm) - Intermodulation product (dBm) > 150 dBc
Frequency spectrum analyzer test result
Theoretical analysis
TX signal
TX signal
7th order
5th order
3rd order
5th order
3rd order
7th order
TX signal
7th order
Receiving band
Receiving band
Receiving band
3rd order
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3rd order
7th order
5th order
TX signal
Out-of-band spuriousness of the TRX or power amplifier of the BTS exceeds the limit. The transmit and receive distance of a duplexer at the RF front end is too small.
The antenna connector is unclean. There are mechanical damage, internal silver plating damage due to dismantling, and scrap iron in the connector.
The antenna connector is insecurely installed or sealed.
Difficulties
Engineers cannot remotely determine whether there is antenna feeder intermodulation interference at the site. They should go to the site for troubleshooting, leading to high cost and low efficiency. Engineers need to carry the spectrum analyzer for the troubleshooting, but the analyzer is very expensive and requires high professional skill.
SRAN6.0 Improvements
Engineers can remotely determine whether the antenna feeder intermodulation interference exists at the site, and decide whether to go to the site for handling. Engineers can start the spectrum scanning remotely or locally, without carrying the spectrum analyzer.
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Difficulties
The uplink frequency scanning function is required to test the levels of CDMA frequencies. Engineers determine whether the CDMA interference exists based on their experience. This operation requires high professional skill.
SRAN6.0 Improvements
Engineers can start CDMA interference detection directly through the maintenance terminal, and obtain the test result. No professional skill is required.
The CDMA out-of-band leakage signals fall into the GSM receiver channel
There is interference with the receiving channel of GSM/UMTS 900 MHz, deteriorating the GSM uplink channel
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Offline frequency spectrum scanning Troubleshooting Acquiring frequency spectrum information Online frequency spectrum scanning Troubleshooting CDMA Interference CDMA network interference detection
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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Applicable products
BTS3900/BTS3900A/BTS3900L/DBS3900 (GSM/UMTS/LTE) BTS3012/BTS3012II/BTS3012AE/BTS3006C/BTS3002E (GSM) Note: For the BTS3012 series, only the new double-density DTRU supports this function. Note: For U and L, the V2/V3 platform supports offline FFT frequency spectrum scanning and offline intermodulation interference detection. The V3 platform supports the online FFT
frequency spectrum.
Matching versions
BSC6900
M2000
BTS
License control
None
Conflict of features
The RRU co-BCCH (GBFD-510104 multi-site cell) scenario does not support the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing function (GSM).
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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the requirements.
The counter decision thresholds of 3rd order, 5th order, and 7 th order intermodulation
The counter decision threshold of higher-order (higher than 7) intermodulation products is the same as that of the 7th order.
interference. The intermodulation interference is tested only when an antenna feeder port in the TRX module needs to send and receive signals. When the port just sends or receives signals, the intermodulation interference test is unnecessary and unavailable.
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The offline intermodulation interference test can be performed on only one antenna feeder port in a single cell at one time. The antenna feeder port to be tested should be able to transmit two carriers simultaneously.
DRRU/DRFU MRFU/GRFU
MRRU/GRRU
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Restrictions
Carriers in other modes cannot be configured on the corresponding TRX module of an antenna feeder port. There is no critical alarm on the corresponding TRX module of an antenna feeder port. During the test, the entire cell is out of service. Before the test starts, the BTS instructs the BSC to trigger the inter-cell service switchover. The high test frequency f1 and low test frequency f2 must fall into the band that is supported by the module. For a multi-carrier module, the bandwidth between f1 and f2 must meet bandwidth requirements for instantaneous transmission.
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Step 2: When the test is complete, the test result is displayed on the LMT. The test result and the original data for achieving the result are saved in a file by the BSC.
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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Basic principles
When multiple carriers are transmitted on the same antenna feeder port with antenna feeder PIM, the intermodulation product (level) is generated in the receiving band. The intermodulation product is a broadband signal. You can check whether there is antenna feeder PIM by analyzing the uplink receiving level difference in cells during off-peak hours between scenarios with all carriers transmitting full power in the downlink and scenarios with some carriers transmitting power.
During the online antenna feeder PIM test, perform 10-second sampling of states for six times in the following sequence: power-transmitting, non-power-transmitting, power-transmitting, non-power-transmitting, power-transmitting, and non-powertransmitting, as shown in the following figure.
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MRFU/GRFU
DRRU/DRFU
MRRU/GRRU
MRFU/GRFU
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Restrictions
The test should be carried out in off-peak hours. It has no adverse impact on the cell service.
Only one online antenna feeder PIM test can be performed simultaneously in one cell. Multiple tests can be performed
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Number of groups of the valid data exceeding the Delta 2 No Yes Determine the validity of ARFCN measurement according to the ratio of full-power transmit times Yes
No
Yes Report the existence of the PIM interference with related data Report the inexistence of the PIM interference with related data Report the unreliability of the test result with related data
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Step 2: The whole test lasts about 60 seconds. The BTS reports the progress every 10 seconds. When the test is complete, the test result is displayed in the MML window, and the test result and the original data for achieving the result are saved in the OMU by the BSC.
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection 1. Background Information
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Basic principles
frequency in real time, you must specify the band range [f1, fk] to be
scanned and the tested carrier. The test timeslot is optional. If the timeslot is not specified, the carrier-level scanning is performed. If the test timeslot is specified, the channel-level scanning is performed.
Carrier-level scanning: refers to the scanning of frequencies one after another of the specified band by using all channels of the single carrier.
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Channel-level scanning
Channel-level scanning interval: The round robin to multiple frequencies in the same timeslot is implemented.
For the channel-level scanning, the tested carrier in the cell is out of service automatically; meanwhile, the timeslots of all carriers (including the BCCH carrier) in the cell where the tested carrier is located are out of service automatically. The timeslot downlink of the BCCH carrier is still available.
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Carrier-level scanning
Carrier-level scanning interval: The round robin to multiple frequencies in all timeslots is implemented.
For the carrier-level scanning, all non-BCCH carriers in the cell where the tested carrier is located are out of service automatically.
Page 31 Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Restrictions
Only one offline frequency spectrum scanning test can be performed simultaneously in one cell.
On the remote (Web LMT/M2000), multiple tests can be performed
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Step 1: On the Monitor tab on the BSC6900 LMT, click GSM Monitoring in the Monitor Navigation Tree pane, and then double-click Spectrum Scan Monitoring. The Spectrum Scan Monitoring dialog box is displayed. In the Monitor Item dropdown list, select Off-line Spectrum Scan, and then specify relevant information as required. Click Submit. The remote offline spectrum scanning starts.
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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Basic principles
When the online frequency spectrum scanning starts, the system measures the uplink receiving level of the test frequency periodically. The frequency and occasion are calculated according to the frequency hopping sequence during normal operation. The scanning result is not affected by the normal operation of other carriers in the same timeslot in the cell, as shown in the following figure.
Only the tested timeslot of tested carrier is out of service during the online frequency spectrum scanning.
Page 38 Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
To ensure the normal service, the online frequency spectrum scanning test can be performed on only one channel in one carrier.
The test fails if the test does not meet the following conditions:
Only one online frequency spectrum scanning test can be performed simultaneously on one carrier.
There is no critical alarm in the corresponding module of the carrier. There is no LAPD alarm in the tested carrier.
The corresponding channel type of the tested timeslot must be TCHF, TCHH, or
PDCH.
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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Scanning types
Full-band scanning
Services must be interrupted. It can scan all frequencies in the band range supported by the RF module. Its scanning spectrum width is greater than or equal to that of the online broadband carrier scanning, and its scanning precision is lower than that of the online high-precision carrier scanning.
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Application scenarios
Typical Application Scenarios
There is a problem with the cell KPI. Collect information during the interference troubleshooting. Use the spectrum function to check whether there is external interference when problems are found during service verification at the site in the engineering phase. When there is a severe problem with the service KPI, the service is stopped. Collect interference information and ensure the precision.
Functions
Advantages
Disadvantages
Services are not interrupted. The amount of data is small and the precision is high. Services are not interrupted. Interfrequency interference can be observed.
The states of frequencies that are not in use cannot be observed. The precision is low.
Full-band scanning
Wide scanning spectrum and high precision, without any adverse impact on services.
Services are interrupted (a request should be sent to the customer). The precision is low.
Note: Before the full-band scanning starts, all carriers on the RF module must be deactivated.
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 44
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Step 2: Click Yes in the Confirmation dialog box. The FFT frequency scanning starts. The
Chart tab displays the scanning result.
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Step: In the Service navigation tree of the NodeB LMT, double-click Spectrum Detect. In the displayed dialog box, select the scan mode, and set Cabinet No., Subrack No., and Slot No. to the numbers of the cabinet, subrack, and slot where the tested TRX board is located. Set other parameters to default values. Click Submit.
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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Basic principles
The CDMA interference to the GSM uplink can be decreased by modifying the diminution factor of the tower mounted amplifier or adjustable attenuator in other receiving channels, which is called CDMA interference suppression. Delta: refers to the uplink receiving level average difference of the operating frequencies in the idle channels when the CDMA interference suppression is performed and not performed. The BTS determines whether the CDMA network interference occurs by comparing the Delta and the decision threshold. Operating frequencies for comparison: If the number of operating frequencies is greater than 8, 8 operating frequencies most adjacent to the CDMA band are used for the decision. Otherwise, all configured operating frequencies are used. If an operating frequency Delta exceeds the decision threshold, the CDMA network intermodulation exists. Otherwise, the CDMA network intermodulation does not exist.
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Restrictions
Only one CDMA network interference detection can be performed simultaneously in one cell. Multiple tests can be performed simultaneously in multiple cells at a site.
During the test, the diminution factor of the tower mounted amplifier
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Step 2: When the test is complete, the test result is displayed in the MML window, and the test result and the original data for achieving the result are saved in the OMU by the BSC for further analysis.
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Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information
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Reference Documents
1. "Wireless Air Interface and RF Maintenance and Testing Guide" in Equipment Deployment Guide_GBSS13.0_BTS3900 Series Macro Base Stations 2. GSM BSS Network Performance KPI (Interference Problem) Optimization Manual 3. SingleRAN6.0 MBTS Equipment Deployment Guide Subject 14 RF Detection Capability Enhancement
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Abbreviation
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Thank you
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