Chapter 17 lesson 1

A state of dynamic balance

Tug of war

H2 + O2
H2 + O2

H2O
H2O

What is the difference between the 2 reactions ?

1) H2 + O2

H2O

2) H2 + O2
3) H2 + O2

H2O
H2O

What is the difference between the reactions ?

Homogenous and heterogeneous equilibrium

1)H2O(aq)
2)PbCrO4 (s) 3)Zn (s) + 2 H+(aq) 4)N2O4 (g) 5)Zn (s) + 2 H+(aq)

H+(aq) + OH-(aq)
Pb2+(aq) + CrO42-(aq) Zn2+(aq) + H2 (g) 2 NO2 (g) Zn2+(aq) + H2 (g)

Tell whether each is a homogenous or a heterogeneous eq

The equilibrium between reactants and products is described by an equilibrium constant. For the balanced reaction: aA + bB cC + dD
The equilibrium constant, Keq is defined as:

Keq =P/R =

[C]c [D]d [A]a [B]b

Rules for writing equilibrium constant

1)

solids and liquids are cancelled 2) products over reactants 3) coefficients become powers .

Write the equilibrium expression 1) solids and liquids are cancelled 2) products over reactants 3) coefficients become powers

1)H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH-(aq)

Write the equilibrium expression 1) solids and liquids are cancelled 2) products over reactants 3) coefficients become powers

2)PbCrO4 (s)

Pb2+(aq) + CrO42-(aq)

Write the equilibrium expression 1) solids and liquids are cancelled 2) products over reactants 3) coefficients become powers

3)Zn (s) + 2 H+(aq)

Zn2+(aq) + H2 (g)

PCl5 (g)

PCl3 (g) + Cl2(g)

1) is this reaction reversible ?why

2) is it at equilibrium ?why 3) is it homogenous or heterogeneous ?why 4) write keq expression .

Continued 17.1
Chemical equilibrium

What describes a reaction that has reached equilibrium?

Conditions of equilibrium
1. reactants and products must be present 2. closed container should be used 3. temperature is constant

N2 (g) + O2 (g)
Write Keq : Find Keq if [N2]=0.2M [NO]=0.6M

2NO (g)

, [ O2]=0.3M and

Find Keq for the following reaction

Values of Keq :

1.

2.
3.

At equilibrium

solids and liquids are not considered

gases and aqueous are considered

C10 H

(s)

10

(g)

1. write Keq : Find Keq when [ C10H8]=1M

Fe O (s) + CO (g)
1. write Keq :

Fe (s) + C O

(g)

Calculate Keq when 2 moles of CO produce 2 moles of CO2 in a 2L container .

Consider the reaction

Write the chemical equation that has the equilibrium 2 constant Keq =[CO] [O2] [CO2]2

PCl5(g)

PCl3(g)+Cl2

(g)

If [ PCl 3] = 0.55 M and [PCl5]=0.135 ,Keq=2.24 Find [ Cl2]

Temp Keq

263 k 0.025

273 k 0.5

373 k 4.5

At which temp is the concentration of products the greatest ?