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PROPERTIES OF WATER
An important part in the water system. Personal use Food preparation Cleaning and general domestic purposes Fire fighting Laundry services Swimming pool Irrigation Recreational use
Demand of water
Water cycle
Type of water
Purified water Polluted water Gray water Black water Storm water
Water purification
Settling or sedimentation Filtration Adsorption/flocculationcoagulation Aeration distillation Disinfection/chlorination
Treatment system
Plumbing Fixtures
Common type of plumbing fixtures Water closet Lavatory Kitchen sink Urinal Bidet Bath tub
Water Closet
A plumbing fixture used to receive human excremental and to discharge it through a waste pipe, using water as a conveying medium.
Method of Classification
Design Make Flushing mechanism Shape Installation
Type of WC as to Design
Siphon washdown Siphon jet Siphon vortex Reverse trap
Siphon washdown
Least expensive Nosiest Small amount of standing Susceptible to fouling Contamination Staining
Siphon jet
Submerged jet Muffled sound Mechanically efficient Expensive
Siphon Vortex
Diagonal holes Most quiet Most efficient Most sanitary
Reverse trap
Trap rear part Desirable than siphon washdown
According to make
One-piece Closed coupled Pail flush Squat bowl
One-piece
Bowl and flush molded into a single unit Bidet
Closed coupled
Attached to the bowl Two-piece water closet
Pail flush
No flush tank Water poured from a pail
Squat bowl
Eastern type Squat position
As to flushing mechanism
Flush tank Flush valve
Flush tank
Holds a supply of water for flushing the fixture 5 to 6 gallons
Flush valve
Valve Direct water pressure Aka flushometer 10 to 20 psi
As to Shape
Round front Elongated front
As to Installation
Free standing
Wall hung
Quality of fixtures
Dense Durable Non-absorbent Smooth Free form unnecessary concealed fouling odor
Ventilation of T and B
Ceiling mount exhaust fan duct type Thermal exhaust fan
Lavatory
A fixture designed for washing of the hands and face
Types of Lavatory
Types of lavatory
Types of lavatory
Types of lavatory
Bidet
A plumbing fixture used for washing the middle part of the body, especially genitals. It is also known as Sitz Bath
Bidet
Bath tub
Tube for bathing, usually a fixed plumbing installation designed for one person.
Bath tub
Urinal
A sanitary fixture equipped with water supply and drain for flushing away urine.
Types of Urinal
Types of Urinal
Types of Urinal
Types of Urinal
Kitchen Sink
A plumbing fixtures usually consisting of a basin with a water supply, connected with a drain.
Types of sink
Types of sink
Types of sink
Types of sink
Minimum clearances
Plumbing fixtures
Plumbing accessories
Soap holder Paper holder Toothbrush and tumbler holder Towel holder Seat cover
Fixture layour
Two fixture plan Three-fixture plan
Typical
Clearances
Clearances
Clearances
Clearances
Clearances
Lab exercise
Draw three fixture contemporary plan.