Chapter02 Presentation

Week 3 Session 1
Discovering Computers 2011

Living in a Digital World
Objectives Overview.
Identify and briefly describe various broadband Internet connections and state differences between broadband Internet connections and dial-up connections
Discuss the evolution of the Internet
Describe the types of Internet access providers
See Page 73 for Detailed Objectives
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
The Internet.
The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of Businesses. Government agencies. Educational institutions. Individuals.
Page 74 Figure 2-1
The Internet (Cont.)
People around the world use a variety of Internet services in daily activities. Internet services allow home and business users to access the Web for activities such as conducting research, reading blogs, or sharing videos; to send e-mail messages; or to converse with others using chat rooms, instant messaging, or VoIP.
Page 74 Figure 2-1
Evolution of the Internet.

The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals:
Page 75
Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

1969 ARPANET becomes functional
1986 NSF connects NSFnet to ARPANET and becomes known as the Internet
1996 Internet2 is founded
1984 ARPANET has more than 1,000 individual computers linked as hosts
1995 NSFNet terminates its network on the Internet and resumes status as research network
Today More than 550 million hosts connect to the Internet
Pages 75 - 76

Each organization on the Internet is responsible only for maintaining its own network. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and sets guidelines and standards.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click W3C below Chapter 2
Page 76

Internet2 is a not-for-profit research and development project that connects more than 200 universities and 115 companies via a high-speed private network.
Page 76

Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet service.
Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
Cable Internet service
DSL
Fixed wireless
Cellular Radio Network
Wi-Fi
Satellite Internet Service
Page 76

Cable Internet service provides high-speed Internet access through the cable television network via a cable modem. DSL (digital subscriber line) provides high-speed Internet connections using regular copper telephone lines.
Page 76
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Fiber To The Premises (FTTP) uses fiber-optic cable to provide high-speed Internet access to home and business users.
Page 76
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Fixed wireless provide high-speed Internet connections using a dish-shaped antenna on your house or business to communicate with a tower location via radio signals.
Page 76
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A cellular radio network offers high-speed Internet connections to devices with built-in compatible technology or computers with wireless modems.
Page 76
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A Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) network uses radio signals to provide high-speed Internet connections to compatible or properly equipped wireless computers and devices.
Page 76
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Satellite Internet service provides high-speed Internet connections via satellite to a satellite dish that communicates with a satellite modem.
Page 76
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An access provider is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee. For example; some Wi-Fi networks provide free access while others charge a per use fee.
Page 77 Figure 2-2
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Common ways to access the Internet are through a regional or national Internet service provider, an online service provider, or a wireless Internet service provider.
Page 77 Figure 2-2
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ISP (Internet service provider)
Regional ISPs provide Internet access to a specific geographical area National ISPs provide Internet access in cities and towns nationwide
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Wireless Modems below Chapter 2
Online service provider (OSP)

Has many membersonly features
Wireless Internet service provider (WISP)

Provides wireless Internet access to computers and mobile devices
Popular OSPs include AOL (America Online) and MSN (Microsoft Network)
May require a wireless modem
Page 78
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This figure shows how a home users data and information might travel the Internet using a cable modem connection.
Page 79 Figure 2-3
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Week 3 Session 2

Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name Explain the purpose of a Web browser and identify the components of a Web address
Describe how to use a search engine to search for information on the Web and differentiate between a search engine and a subject directory
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An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet. The IP address usually consists of four groups of numbers, each separated by a period.
Pages 79 80 Figure 2-4
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A domain name is the text version of an IP address. As with an IP address, the components of a domain name are separated by periods. Top-level domain (TLD)
The IP address and domain name for the Google Web site.
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A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address so that data and information can be routed to the correct computer.
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In addition to the generic TLDs listed above, ICANN continually evaluates proposals for new TLDs.
Page 80 Figure 2-5
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The World Wide Web.

The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents. Each electronic document on the Web is called a Web page, which can contain text, graphics, animation, audio, and video.
Pages 80 - 81
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The World Wide Web (Cont.)

A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items, such as documents and pictures, stored on a Web server. A Web server is a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer.
Pages 80 - 81
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Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to share personal information such as social networking Web sites.
Pages 80 - 81
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A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs.
Internet Explorer
Firefox
Opera
Safari
Page 81
Google Chrome
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This figure shows how a Web browser displays a home page.

Page 81 Figure 2-6
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A home page is the first page that a Web site displays. Web pages provide links to other related Web pages. Surfing the Web
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click iPhone below Chapter 2
Pages 82 - 83 Figure 2-7
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Downloading is the process of a computer or device receiving information, such as a Webpage, from a server on the Internet. Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers.
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Sample microbrowser screen shown on this iPhone.
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A Web page has a unique address called a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) or Web address. For example, the home page for the United States National Park Service Web site has http://www.nps.gov as its Web address.
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After entering http://www.nps.gov/grsm/planyourvisit/wildlifeviewing.htm as the Web address in the Address bar, this Web page at the United States National Park Service Web site is displayed.
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Tabbed browsing, where the top of the browser displays a tab (similar to a file folder) for each Web page you open. To move from one open Web page to another, you click the tab in the Web browser.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Tabbed Browsing below Chapter 2
Page 84 Figure 2-9
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This browser window has several open tabs. The current tab shows a Web page that has various types of links.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Tabbed Browsing below Chapter 2
Page 84 Figure 2-9
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Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories.
Page 85
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Popular search engines and subject directories.

Page 85 Figure 2-10
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A search engine is helpful in locating items such as: Images Videos Audio News
Maps
People or Businesses
Blogs
Page 85
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This figure shows how to use a search engine.

Page 86 Figure 2-11
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Some Web browsers contain an Instant Search box to eliminate the steps of displaying the search engines Web page prior to entering the search text.
Page 87 Figure 2-12
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Using the Instant Search box combines step 1 and 2.

Page 87 Figure 2-12 43

Search operators can help to refine your search
Use search engine operators to help refine a search.

Page 87 Figure 2-13 44
Week 4 Session 1

Explain how Web pages use graphics, animation, audio, video, virtual reality, and plugins
Describe the types of Web sites
Identify and briefly describe the steps required for Web publishing
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There are thirteen types of Web sites.
Portal
News
Informational
Business/Mark eting
Blog
Wiki
Online Social Network
Educational
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Entertainment
Advocacy
Web Application
Content Aggregator
Personal
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Video: Tell Your Stories via Vlog.
CLICK TO START
49

Information presented on the Web must be evaluated for accuracy. Any person, company, or organization can publish a Web page on the Internet. No one oversees the content of Web pages.
Page 92 Figure 2-16
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Criteria for evaluating a Web sites content.

Page 92 Figure 2-16
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Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with:
Page 92
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A graphic, or graphical image, is a digital representation of nontext information such as a drawing, chart, or photo. Graphic formats include JPEG, GIF, PNG, BMP, and TIFF
Page 93 Figure 2-17
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This Web page uses colorful graphical designs and images to convey its messages.
Page 93 Figure 2-17
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A thumbnail is a small version of a larger graphic. You usually can click a thumbnail to display a larger image.
Page 94 Figure 2-19
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Page 94 Figure 2-19
Clicking the thumbnail in the top screen displays a larger image in a separate window.
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Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence. Animation can make Web pages more visually interesting or draw attention to important information or links.
Page 94
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Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound. Compressed to reduce file size. You listen to audio file on your computer, you need special software called a player.
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Streaming is the process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow. A podcast is recorded audio, usually an MP3 file, stored on a Web site that can be downloaded to a computer or a portable media player such as an iPod.
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Popular Web audio file formats.
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This figure shows how to purchase and download music using iTunes.
Page 95 Figure 2-21
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Video consists of full-motion images that are played back at various speeds. You can use the Internet to watch live and/or prerecorded coverage of your favorite television programs or enjoy a live performance of your favorite vocalist.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click YouTube below Chapter 2
Page 96 Figure 2-22
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Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click YouTube below Chapter 2
A video of a horse race.

Page 96 Figure 2-22
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Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional (3-D) space. VR involves the display of 3-D images that users explore and manipulate interactively.
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Residents (users) of the Second Life online social network interact with other online residents (users) in a VR world.
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A plug-in, or add-on, is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser. You can download many plug-ins at no cost from various Web sites.
Page 97 Figure 2-24
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Most plug-ins can be downloaded free from the Web.

Page 97 Figure 2-24
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Web publishing is the development and maintenance of Web pages. To develop a Web page, you do not have to be a computer programmer.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Web Page Authoring Software below Chapter 2
Page 98
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Plan a Web site
Analyze and design a Web site
Create a Web site
Deploy a Web site
Maintain a Web site
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Web Page Authoring Software below Chapter 2
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Week 4 Session 2

Explain how e-mail, mailing lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and message boards, and FTP work
Describe the types of e-commerce
Identify the rules of netiquette
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E-Commerce.
E-commerce is a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network. M-commerce identifies e-commerce that takes place using mobile devices.
Page 98
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E-Commerce (Cont.)
Businesstoconsumer (B2C)
E-commerce
Businesstobusiness (B2B)
Pages 98 - 99
Consumertoconsumer (C2C)
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E-Commerce (Cont.)
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Google Checkout Software below Chapter 2
This figure shows an example of e-retail.

Page 99 Figure 2-25
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Other Internet Services.

E-mail (short for electronic mail) is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network. E-mail is a primary communications method for both personal and business use.
Page 101 Figure 2-26
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Other Internet Services (Cont.)

An e-mail program allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages. Outlook and Windows Live Mail are two popular desktop e-mail program.
76
This figure shows how an e-mail message may travel from a sender to a receiver.
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A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name. Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address. Unsubscribing removes your name.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click E-Mail below Chapter 2
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When you join a mailing list, you and all other on the mailing list receive e-mail messages from the Web site.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click E-Mail below Chapter 2
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Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service that notifies you when one or more people are online and then allows you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat room with than.
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This figure shows an example of instant messaging.

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A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer. A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Chat Rooms below Chapter 2
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As you type, the words and symbols you enter are displayed on the computer screens of other people in the same chat room To save time many chat and IM user type abbreviations and acronyms for phrases, such as r u there?, which stands for Are you there?.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Chat Rooms below Chapter 2
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VoIP (Voice over IP, or Internet Protocol) also called Internet telephony, enables users to speak to other users over the Internet. Also called Internet telephony.
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One type of equipment configuration for a user making a call via VoIP.
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A newsgroup is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject. Typically requires a newsreader.
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A popular Web-based type of discussion group that does not require a newsreader is a message board. Many Web sites use message boards instead of newsgroups because they are easier to use.
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Users in a newsgroup read and reply to other users messages.

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FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click FTP below Chapter 2
Page 107
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Many operating systems include FTP capabilities. An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click FTP below Chapter 2
Page 107
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Netiquette.
Netiquette, which is short for Internet etiquette is the code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the Internet; that is, it is the conduct expected of individuals while online.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Cyberbullying below Chapter 2
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Netiquette (Cont.)
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Cyberbullying below Chapter 2
Some of the rules of netiquette.

92
Summary.
History and structure of the Internet
World Wide Web
Browsing, navigating, searching, Web publishing, and e-commerce
Other Internet services: e-mail, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and message boards, and FTP
Rules of netiquette
Page 109
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Week 3 Session 1

Discovering Computers 2011

Discuss the evolution of the Internet

Describe the types of Internet access providers

See Page 73 for Detailed Objectives

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Page 74 Figure 2-1

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

The Internet (Cont.)

Evolution of the Internet.

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

1996 Internet2 is founded

Today More than 550 million hosts connect to the Internet

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Cable Internet service

Cellular Radio Network

Satellite Internet Service

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Page 77 Figure 2-2

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Online service provider (OSP)

Wireless Internet service provider (WISP)

May require a wireless modem

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Pages 79 80 Figure 2-4

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Pages 79 80 Figure 2-4

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet (Cont.)

Page 80 Figure 2-5

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

The World Wide Web.

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

The World Wide Web (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

The World Wide Web (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2

The World Wide Web (Cont.)

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2