CHAPTER 3

CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATIONS

REVISION

Learning Targets
A student should be able to:
Understand and apply the concepts of relative atomic mass and relative molecular mass Analyze the relationship between the number of moles and the number of particles Analyze the relationship between the number of moles of a substance and its mass Analyze the relationship between the number of moles of a gas and its volume Synthesize chemical formulae Interpret chemical equations Practice scientific attitudes and values in investigating matter

CONCEPT MAP
FORMULAE AND CHEMICAL EQUATIONS

Atom
Relative atomic mass Relative atomic mass, Ar in gram Molar mass Mass of matter

Molecule
Relative molecular mass Relative molecular mass, Mr in gram

Volume of gas Reactants Empirical formula

Number of moles Chemical equation Chemical formula

Number of particles Products of reaction Molecular formula

GANBATTE MINNA SAN!!

QUESTIONS (Chapter 2)
State the processes involve in the changes of states of matter. (from solid to liquid and vice versa) What is sublimation? State the examples of substances that undergo sublimation process. What is nucleon number? What are isotopes? What is the use of C-14 isotope, cobalt-60 and radioisotopes?

QUESTIONS (Chapter 3)
What is the meaning of relative atomic mass? What is the meaning of relative molecular mass? Why C-12 is used as a standard? Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal gland. Adrenaline has the formula C9H13NOx. If its r.m.m. is 183, determine the value of x.

QUESTIONS (Chapter 3)
What do you understand about Avogadros number/constant, NA? Calculate the number of particles in: a)0.75 mole of aluminium atoms, Al b)1.2 mole of chloride ions, Clc)0.07 mole of carbon dioxide molecules, CO2. [r.a.m.: Al=27, Cl=35.5, C=12, O=16, NA=6 X 1023 mol-1]

QUESTIONS (Chapter 3)
Calculate the mass of the following substances: a)1.2 X1022 zinc atoms [r.a.m.: Zn=65, NA=6 X 1023 mol-1]

Calculate the number of molecules present at s.t.p. in a)0.28 dm3 of N2 gas b)448 cm3 of carbon monoxide, CO gas [1 mole of gas occupied a volume of 22.4 dm3 at s.t.p., NA = 6 X 1023 mol-1 ]

QUESTIONS (Chapter 3)
What is empirical formula? What is molecular formula? A gaseous hydrocarbon X contains 85.7% of carbon by weight. 4.2g of the gas X occupies a volume of 3.36 dm3 at s.t.p. a)Determine the empirical formula of X. b)Determine the relative molecular mass of X. c)What is the molecular formula of X? [r.a.m.:H=1, C=12; 1 mol of gas occupies a volume of 22.4 dm3 at s.t.p.]

QUESTIONS (Chapter 3)
Write the chemical formulae of: Solid calcium carbonate reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide gas and water.

What is reactant? What is products? How do you differentiate reactant and product? Write down the symbols which appear in a chemical equation for heating substance, gas evolved, precipitate formed, reversible reaction, react, produced/yields, solid state, liquid state, gas state and aqueous state.

QUESTIONS (Chapter 3)
The chemical name of baking powder is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). When sodium bicarbonate is heated, it decomposes to sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water. a)Write a balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate when it is heated. b)If 2.1g of sodium bicarbonate is heated, calculate the volume in cm3 of CO2 produced at room temperature. [r.a.m.: H=1,C=12,O=16,Na=23; 1 mol of gas occupies a volume of 24 dm3 at room temperature]