Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
(1) providing drainage and water for sanitation and potable water needs, (2) disposal of precipitation falling on the building (stormwater system).
In rural areas
Lakes Rivers cesspool Disadvantage of these old system 1- health hazard
1. A distribution system of piping that supplies water to the fixtures 2. The fixtures at which the water is consumed or used 3. Another piping system that drains the used water away 4. Natural gas piping
Potable water supply (and meter) Sanitary drain Storm drain Natural gas supply
Plumbing codes
. International Plumbing Code. International Code Council. National Standard Plumbing Code. National Association of Plumbing, Heating, and Cooling Contractors. Southern Standard Plumbing Code. Southern Building Code Congress. Uniform Plumbing Code. International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO).
protect the health and safety of building occupants against the followings:
inadvertent contamination of the water supply, contamination of the air due to the escape of sewage gas, and chronically blocked drains due to improper size or pitch.
Lake (after treatment) River (after treatment) Groundwater Spring Pond (after treatment)
Turbidity Bacteria
STORAGE TANK MATERIAL (3/9)* Concrete (with interior ceramic tiles) Galvanized Sheet Metal with outsid painting (2 primer layers and 3 painting layers) Stainless steel Fiber-glass lined with polyethylene (*) Number of Egyptian Plumbing Cod(1/301) 2002 (1) Tanks should be insulated either by insulation material or by double wall with min 60 cm spacing
common
FLV(3/13/4)*
(3/12/9)*
GV
D Distribution Pipe
GV (3/13/1)*
GV
WMA (3/13/2)*
Rooftop Tank
Advantage
Disadvantage
Provide reserve storage in case of an electrical power shortage. An upfeed distribution system requires a standby power source.
Comparison
Storage Type
Tankless Type
Minimum temperature needed for sanitizing rinse. For General-purpose cleaning and food preparation. For showers.
Distribution Systems
Piping Materials
Copper Piping:
Types: (K, L and M) Characterized by high resistance to Corrosion. Soft temper tube permits changes in direction without the use of fittings.
Plastic Piping:
Types: (PE, ABS, PVC, AND PVDC) Characterized by high resistance to Corrosion. PVDC is suitable for hot water supply up to 82oC.
Plumbing Fixtures
Water Closet
Plumbing Fixtures
Water Closet
Bidet Urinal
Plumbing Fixtures
Water Closet
Bidet Urinal Lavatory
Plumbing Fixtures
Water Closet
Bidet Urinal Lavatory
Plumbing Fixtures
Water Closet
Bidet Urinal Lavatory
Sink
Wash fountains
Plumbing Fixtures
Water Closet
Bidet Urinal Lavatory
Sink
Wash fountains Drinking fountains
Plumbing Fixtures
Water Closet
Bidet Urinal Lavatory
Sink
Wash fountains Drinking fountains Showers Bath tube
Traps
Traps are required in order to isolate the sewer purification gases from the interior rooms
SANITARY PIPING
Waste stacks Soil stacks Vent stacks Branch waste lines Branch soil lines Branch vents Floor drains Clean-outs Fresh-air inlet
Sanitary Piping
Piping
Material
Vent
They relieve any potential vacuum that might suck all the water out of a trap. They lead sewer gas pressure safely out of the building. The presence of fresh air circulating through the drain and sewer lines reduces corrosion and the growth of slime. Venting aids the flow of large volumes of liquid through the drainpipes by relieving air pressure that could build up ahead of the water as it moves.
Vent
maximum length of drain pipe between the trap and an air vent is limited to 48 times the pipe diameter. the end of a vent stack must extend at least 1 foot (30 cm) above the roof surface, as well as 3 feet (90 cm) or more above any nearby window It should be at least 10 feet (3 m) from any windows and S feel (I.S m) above any occupied roof deck.
In subfreezing weather, Plumbing pipes should never be installed in exterior walls. Locating plumbing fixtures back to back or one above the other where possible. All fixtures in a given room should be placed along the same wall. Drain stacks are grouped in plumbing chase.
The pipe risers for smaller groupings or isolated fixtures can be integrated with structural columns as wet column. Entrances and/or partitions need to be arranged so that the view from the corridor to the soil fixtures is blocked.
the provision of at least one handicapped-type water closet and lavatory in each public toilet room, wider water closet stalls for easier maneuvering, grab bars at water closets and bathing facilities, extra-wide entrance and stall doors for wheelchair passage, and a minimum 5-foot-(l.5-m-) diameter clear space within the room for wheelchair turning.
Floor Drains
Floor drains are employed to carry away water used in washing floors. They are necessary in areas like:
They are also needed in storage closets and any other spaces that are sprinklered for fire protection.
Clean-Outs
Clean-outs must be placed no more than 50 feet (15 m) apart in branch lines and building drains up to 4 inches (10 cm) in diameter Lines larger than 4 inches (10 cm) in diameter must have cleanouts not more than 100 feet (30 m) apart. at every change in direction greater than 45, and at the point where the building drain leaves the building.
Interceptors
catch hair, grease, or a variety of other troublesome waste materials from industrial processes. the grease floats to the top and is trapped between baffles as the remaining fluid waste continues on through.
Backwater Valves
The device prevents the backflow of sewage from the upper stories into the lower sanitary branch
Septic Tank
The tank capacity is sized so as to allow the waste to remain in the tank for at least 16 hours before being displaced by incoming sewage.