CHAPTER 3: MATTER

3.1 What is matter? 3.2 Three states of matter (solid, liquid, gas) 3.3 Density 3.4 The use of the properties of Matter in everyday life

3.1 What is Matter ?

(pg: 2)

1. Everything on earth (dunia) is matter 2. Matter is anything that has a) mass (jisim) b) occupies space (memenuhi ruang)

3. Everything (living thing and non living) on earth has mass and occupies space

4. Matter is made up of particles (zarah) 5. Particles cannot be seen with naked eye 6. Particles are (pg: 8,9) a) very small (sangat kecil) b) discrete (not join together) c) always moving (sentiasa bergerak)

7. Light (cahaya), sound (bunyi) , electricity and heat (haba) are NOT matter

MATTER

LIVING THING

NON LIVING THING

SOLID (car, book, soil) LIQUID (water, oil)

PLANT (flower, tree, fruit) ANIMAL (human, insects)

GAS (air, steam)

HOMEWORK

WORKBOOK
(pg: 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

3.2 Three States of Matter

MATTER
SOLID (pepejal) LIQUID (cecair) GAS

SOLID 1 Diagram

LIQUID

GAS

2 Arrangement of particles (susunan)

3 Movement of particles (pergerakan)

Close together (sangat rapat)

Slightly further apart (kurang rapat) vibrate Move (bergetar) freely at low speed

Far apart (sangat jauh)

Move freely at high speed in any direction

SOLID

LIQUID

GAS

4 Density (ketumpatan) 5 Space between particles (ruang) 6 Shape (bentuk)

High Moderate Low (tinggi) (sederhana) (rendah) Very small Small Very big

Definite Follow the shape of (tetap) container (botol)

SOLID

LIQUID

GAS

7 Volume (isipadu-jumlah ruang yang diambil) 8 Forces between particle (daya tarikan)

Definite

Occupy the container Very weak

Very strong

Not so strong

Reminders
1. Mark your book with either RED PEN or PENCIL only. 2. Do your correction

3.3 DENSITY (ketumpatan)

(pg: 10)

1. The density of an object is the mass of an object in a unit volume

2.

Unit : a) b)

g cm-3 or g/cm3 kg m-3 or kg/m3

3. Density =

mass volume

4. Different substances (bahan) have different densities

Substance 1
2 3 4 5

Density (gcm-3) 0.0013

0.25 0.7 0.8 1.0

air
Cork (gabus) Cooking oil Wood (kayu) water

6
7 8

Iron (besi)
mercury Gold (emas)

7.9
13.6 19.3

5. A substance is able to float (terapung) or sink (tenggelam) in a liquid depending (bergantung) on its density 6. A less dense substance floats in a denser liquid
7.

A denser substance sinks in a less dense liquid

8. Size of same substance does not change (mengubah) its density

Cork 0.25 gcm-3 Cooking oil 0.7 gcm-3 Wood 0.8 gcm-3 water 1.0 gcm-3 Iron 7.9 gcm-3 Mercury 13.6 gcm-3 Gold 19.3 gcm-3

Problem Related Density

1. Density = mass volume

2.
3.

Mass
Volume

=
=

density x volume
mass density

HOMEWORK
TEXTBOOK
Exercise 3.3 (pg:14)

3.4 The Use Of The Properties Of Matter In Everyday Life

(A) The

uses of different states of MATTER

1. Construction using solids (pembinaan) Iron and wood are strong and hard use to construct buildings, bridges (jambatan) and furniture (perabot)

2. Inflating tyres - Air is easily compress (dimampat) - It is pumped into tyres of bicycles and cars 3. Gas store in the liquid form - Gas can be compressed - Compress gas occupies less space and so more gas can be stored in containers - Examples : cooking gas tank, oxygen tank

(B) The

uses of the concept of DENSITY

1. Logs on a river (kayu balak) - logs are less dense than water - they are able to float on water
2. Mining (perlombongan) - Tin ore (bijih timah) is denser than soil (tanah) - tin ore sink at the bottom of palung and the lighter soil on top is wash away

3. Hot air balloon

4. Ship
5. submarine

TEXTBOOK pg: 16

HOMEWORK
TEXTBOOK
Exercise 3.3 (pg:14)

HOMEWORK

WORKBOOK
(pg: 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)