RTTC Pune presents A Journey of Wireless Communication

FUTURE TRENDS IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION

V.M.DAPURKAR SDE RTTC PUNE

AGENDA
1.Review of various generations in mobile Communications. 2.Limitations of 2G Systems. 3. Why 3G ? 4.What is 3G? 5.3G Network Architectures 6.BSNL 3G services

Basics & Context

First mobile radio telephone 1924

History of GSM
In 1981 First analogue mobile service was launched GSM began in 1991 GSM was a European wide project from beginning GSM used in more than 170 countries Originated from 1G ->2G->2.5G->3G 3G version is named as UMTS 3G Network provide higher capacity than the older generations

Various generations in mobile Communication 1) 1st Generation (analogue): Only Voice calls 2)2nd Generation(GSM): Voice call& SMS & Low Speed Data (~ 9.6 Kbps ) a)2.5 Generation(GPRS): Voice & SMS & High Speed Data (~ 115Kbps) b)2.75 Generation(EDGE): Voice & SMS & Higher Speed Data (~ 384Kbps) 3) 3rd Generation:Voice & SMS & Very High Speed Data(upto 2Mbps)(3G - WCDMA) 4) 3rd Generation +Voice & SMS & Extremely High Speed Data(HSDPA)Theoretical Data Speed : 1 to 14 Mbps

What is Third Generation?

1st Generation
Analog speech

2nd Generation
Digital speech + low-rate data ( 64 kbps)

3rd Generation
High data rates (384kbps-14.4 Mbps) + 2nd gen. services

NMT, AMPS, TACS

GSM, PDC, IS-136, IS-95

UMTS/IMT-2000

1980

1990

2000

GSM Evolution for Data Access

2 Mbps UMTS

384 kbps 115 kbps EDGE (3G)

GPRS(2.5 G)
9.6 kbps GSM (2G)

2002

2004

2006

2010+
3G

GSM evolution

Ba

2G Mobile systems
2G Cellular Networks were first commercially launched in Finland by Radiolinja in 1991 2G Cellular Networks are fully digital

2G Cellular Networks are very secure use encryption 2G Cellular Networks provide basic data services also Have advanced Fraud Mechanisms

Spectrum for 2G Systems

At present GSM is operating in

900 MHz band

- 890-915 MHz Uplink

935-960 MHz Downlink

1800 MHz band - 1710-1785 MHz Uplink

1805-1880 MHz Downlink

GSM Network Overview

OMCR

A Um
SIM ME

Abis
BTS

BSC

HLR

VLR

OMC

MSC

BSC
BTS EIR AuC

PSTN ISDN PSPDN CSPDN

Mobile Station

Base Station Subsystem

Network Subsystem

GPRS..
GPRS is a new set of GSM-bearer services that provide packet mode transmission within the GSM network & interconnects with external packet data networks.

What is GPRS ?
General Packet Radio Service 2.5 G system standardized by ETSI Migration Path to 3G Networks Very Little change to GSM infrastructure Direct support for Data Network No need to reorganize spectrum Introduce packet-switched routing functionality

Better data transfer rates Low cost and connectivity-oriented

GPRS Architecture

GPRS Architecture - Components

New components introduced for GPRS services: SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) IP-based backbone network Old components in GSM upgraded for GPRS services: HLR MSC/VLR Mobile Station

But capabilities are limited in GPRS

In GPRS Video quality is acceptable Files download takes a long time Browsing is slow

Therefore limiting
The Appeal & usage of those services The revenues generated

EDGE enhances GPRS services

By bringing higher speed
Higher video quality

Lower download time

Faster access

Enriching the end-user experience

Increase addiction Boost usage of the services

and meeting your challenges

Attract new customers and lock-in existing customers Increase the ARPU

Limitations of 2G System
Limited support of multimedia/ video
High speed data not possible No common frequency band No single global standard available Low information bit rates Various categories of systems to meet specific requirements Video streaming not possible

Some Facts
Global Mobile Penetration: 500 Crores users Global mobile internet users:100 Crores Fixed Internet users:140 Crores It is expected that in 2015 Mobile internet users will surpass fixed internet users by significant margin Internet enabled mobile handset sales increasing @20% to 30% CAGR, 200 crores such phones are expected to be sold by 2015. 20 crores users are accessing face book from their mobile devices.300% yearly growth expected in this category. Overall mobile data usage expected to be increased by 700% by 2015. In future only 20% of total traffic will be for voice and 80% for data. 8 Crores 3G services users are expected by 2013 in India

Why 3G?
3G requirements 1.High data transmission rates. 2.Better spectrum efficiency 3.World wide roaming 4.Flexibilty to introduce new services 5.Should be able to offer variable bit rates for bandwidth on demand.

What is 3G?
3G is the third generation of wireless network technology also called UMTS that provides : High speed bandwidth . High data transfer rates . Good Quality multimedia services

UMTS Band
UMTS band used in India Uplink 1920 MHz 1980 Mhz Downlink 2110 Mhz 2170 Mhz Bandwidth 60 Mhz Carrier size 5 Mhz Total No. of Carriers 124

Advantages of 3G
3G networks offer the users advantages such as: New radio spectrum. More bandwidth, security and reliability. Interoperability between service providers. Fixed and variable data rates. Asymmetric data rates. Backward compatibility of devices with existing networks. 3G uses IP connectivity. IP is packet based. Rich multimedia services.

Data transfer rates in 3G

3G wireless networks support the following maximum data transfer rates: 2 Mbits/second for Fixed or Indoor environment. Up to 384 Kbits/ second for slowly moving devices, such as a handset carried by a walking user or urban environment. 144 Kbits/second for fast moving devices, such as handsets in moving vehicles.

Different RAN standards for 3G

1. UMTS 2.HSDPA Speed 384Kbps Multimedia Speed 10 Mbps D/L Multimedia Speed 2Mbps U/L Multimedia VoIP

3.HSUPA

Points to note
Description

GSM 42S

GPRS 6S

EDGE 1S

3G 0.2S

Downloading a Map (50Kb)

Downloading a word doc. (500Kb)

Downloading a MP3 song (2.5M) Audio & Video streaming

7M
34M NA

1M
5M NA

10S
1M NA

2S
10S
Possible

TWO MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS OF TODAY:

MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS INTERNET

Interestingly, mobile subscribers are increasingly demanding Internet access while on the move and at increasingly high speeds; thereby resulting in the Convergence of the above two technological trends leading to the birth of Mobile Broadband (application) and 3G/4G Technologies (enablers of this application) It simply means - Internet goes Mobile

Mobile Broadband
An alternative for broadband at home

3G at home: PSTN telephony line FAX line Internet Access, up to 2Mbps Low-cost alternative to the landline network based on WCDMA

Mobile Broadband is the 4th Screen

Its Here, There, Everywhere and Always With You!

Movie Screen

TV Screen

PC Screen

Phone Screen

The best broadband device to own is the one thats always with you

BSNL 3G services offer a unique experience to consumers

1

Products & Services

3 High-speed Mobile

Video Calling

Broadband (Data Card)

2 Value Added Services

(VAS)

UMTS Architecture
Core Network
Iu UTRAN Iu

Iur

RNC
Iub Node B Iub Node B Iub Node B

RNC
Iub Node B

UTRAN: RNC: UE:

UTRA Network Radio Network Controller User Equipment

Uu (the radio interface)

C h a

4
s a q

s a q s a q a s w

a s w
a s w k l e k l e

k l e
d d d d

d d

j f r
j f r j f r f r f r

f r
l t

l t
a i

a i
d u

d u
l o

l o
a a

UE
l t a i d u o

d l d
d l d k k k k k k

k k k
s d l s d l

s d l
f c f c

f c
j

j .

d l d

. j .

Block Diagram Representation

U u Iu

Node B RNC USIM

Cu

MSC/ VLR

GMSC
External Networks CN

Node B
Iub Iur

HLR

ME

Node B RNC Node B SGSN GGSN

UE

UTRAN

UMTS RELEASE ARCHITECTURES

UMTS architectures provide a smooth transition from 2G telecommunications systems by slowly phasing in new software and new network elements. 3GPP currently defines standards for the following UMTS releases 3GPP Release 99 (R99), 3GPP Release 4 (Next Generation Network (NGN) architecture), 3GPP Release 5 (all-IP core network).

3G brings truly new services, not possible with GPRS/EDGE networks

3G enriches voice-based services by adding the video dimension

From
Voice Communication Voice Conferencing

Voicemail

To
Video Communication Video Conferencing Video Mail + a truly new service: Fixed-mobile video communication

3G unleashes the power of GPRS/ EDGE multimedia services

By bringing The highest video quality and guaranteed QoS Interactivity Longer duration

The fastest access

3G guarantees an optimal QoS for voice

3G brings additional voice capacity

Particularly interesting for GSM congested areas

A Choice of Appealing and Affordable Services

And you thought a mobile phone was for making calls

3G Only Services
Full Track Music Downloads
Digital Rights Management (DRM) to get license key SMS Charging before SMS (license) received If download fails, re-download allowed from some phones/contact customer service

Video Calling
Both parties need 3G phones with Video Calling and be in 3G coverage Enter the number press the video call button

More 3G Music Services

Radio DJ Service - Interactive
personalized music service on mobile & PC Select predefined channels Can additionally purchase (download) music Enhanced Vodafone Radio DJ Mobile service Create a unique channel of favourite songs using a Radio client by: choosing the genre and mood of the music you want. choosing the decade - e.g. 1980s. rating each song according to whether you like or dislike it

Popular Promotional 3G Only Service!

Utube Mobile
Watch top-rated YouTube videos on your mobile Show your friends your favourite clips when youre out Pay nothing to access YouTube Mobile and watch clips through Vodafone live! Press the Vodafone live! button on your mobile Click on the Category tab (Tab 2) Go to Chat and Community Click on YouTube

Video Streaming Helps Traffic!

The Jalur Pantura service provides users with realtime access to video images of the traffic conditions existing at various locations within the city of Jakarta. Charges based on the use of the video data-access at a rate per kilobyte streamed.

Service Provider: Mobile 8 Market: Indonesia Technology: CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Introduced: May 2006

Mobile Banking and Commerce

The Jianxing Handset Bank - allows users to conduct banking and financial transactions: Account transfers Money wiring, foreign exchange, payment, etc.
Service: Jianxing Handset Bank Service Provider: China Unicom Market: China Technology: CDMA2000 1X Introduced: July 2003

Mobile Transactions Wallet-Less Shopping

EZ Felica enabled phones can directly download and store monetary value (prepaid money)
Display account balances and usage history
Service: EZ Felica Service Provider: KDDI Market: Japan Technology: CDMA2000 1xEVDO Introduced: September 2005

Authenticate membership, purchase products at a point of sale, execute electronic ticketing

Collect online credit and loyalty points/awards.

Location-Based Lifestyle and Public Safety

With the i-Kids service, users are able to identify their children's location and their movements. warning message if the child leaves a safety zone Can also be applied to any moving object, e.g. pets or valuable luggage.

Service: i-Kids Service Provider: SKT Market: South Korea Technology: CDMA2000 1xEVDO Introduced: May 2005

Social Networking
Mobile MySpace allows users to post bulletins with personal photos and videos. Users can also view friends pages, post comments, view blogs, and add new friends at anytime, anywhere.
Service: MySpace Service Provider: Helio Market: USA Technology: CDMA2000 1xEVDO Introduced: February 2006

Video Call

Real time Video traffic

Video Streaming and Download

The Reliance Mobile TV service enables the user to download live video from a variety of Indian news channels such as TIMES NOW, AajTak, IndiaTV, CNBC and NDTV 24x7.
Service: Mobile TV Service Provider: Reliance Communications Market: India Technology: CDMA2000 1X Introduced: January 2006

Live streaming video from two of the above providers AajTak Online and NDTV Online.

Video Messaging

Konquer Video Messaging enables the user to capture, store and send short video clips.
Service: Konquer Service Provider: Tata Teleservices Market: India Technology: CDMA2000 1X Introduced: January 2003

Shoot and store videos on their CDMA2000 1X mobile device.

Sent via multimedia messaging (MMS) or email.

Stock Simulation Game Reliance

Stock Mania - Simulation of real-time trading with real shares. User provided with a virtual fund of Rs.10 lakh. Connected to BSE live feed, and the subscribers stock positions are linked to the actual stock market performance. Service: Mobile TV Service Provider: Reliance Communications Market: India Technology: CDMA2000 1X Includes a 'BSE Portfolio Tracker' that tracks portfolio and investment positions.

Video Mail
Video Mail works like voice mail and performs basic call completion, message recording and mailbox functions for video telephony calls

Embraces individuality
Offers more fun, personalized messaging

Combines best of both worlds - voice and video!

Video Mail Features

Easy-to-use visual user interface Message deposit and retrieval

Supports audio-only and audio-video

components
Record personal video greetings for callers Play, save, delete and reply to messages Copy messages to another person

Video Mail
User can create video message with 3G videophone Address video mail to recipient

Streaming

IMS Duck Server

MSC RNC

SGSN

GGSN

Content Server

Multimedia Instant Messenger

Location Based Applications

Location Based Services

Positioning application Where am I Yellow Pages Tracking Fleet management

Brand Finder
Geo Coding, Content, Application Integration

Positioning methods: Cell/Sector , Time of Arrival -- Network Based AGPS Terminal Based EOTD

Traffic Information
APPLICATION OVERVIEW

This service both collects and distributes traffic information. Traffic information is very important need for city dwellers. Systems can estimate traffic information by sampling mobiles in automobiles on freeways anonymously to determine average velocity of vehicles. If this is not possible in locataion more static information can be collected from city authorities. All this information is mapped and sent to mobile users who request it. Stickiness : Daily traffic info. pushed during rush hours via SMS/MMS Most people need to know the current traffic sitution on their route. Hosting: Operator / ISP WAP/Web/MMS/SMS: yes/yes/yes/yes Devices supported: - All devices Commerically used worldwide

Positioning based information, advertisements... Telecom & backhand IT infrastructure makes it possible!

All Trademarks and Registered Trademarks are of respective holders

Mobile Applications

Railway Ticket System in UK

Users buy their tickets on internet through mobile phone. Ticket is immediately delivered to the user on mobile in the form of barcode. Ticket Inspector scans his ticket directly from mobile and allows him to enter the train. Now automatic gates are being installed at railway stations which will open when phone is scanned over it.

Two main offerings under BSNL 3G services

BSNL 3G Mobile
Video-calling facility Key benefits Value added services (VAS) Superior quality voice Enhanced security features Existing BSNL 2G users Target customer segments (migration to 3G) Non-BSNL customers (eg. high ARPU 2G subscribers of other operators) High speed wireless internet Wide network coverage Superiority over other technologies Business professionals Young retail consumers Enterprise users

Products & Services

BSNL 3G Data Cards

4G
As the first implementations of 3G are beginning to roll out, the shortcomings of 3G networks are already being discussed and the scientists/researchers have begun to talk of 4G (also referred to as IMT-Advanced by ITU) which, at this initial stages, implies improvement and the fixing of lingering 3G problems, apart from increasing data speeds beyond 2 Mbps. Systems beyond IMT-2000 are commonly referred to as the Fourth Generation Networks (4G) or Beyond 3G (B3G) or IMT Advanced.

4G Vision
There will not be a single network branded as 4G in the same way that there is 2G GSM or 3G UTRAN. Instead, 4G will be a collection of networks and a wide variety of smart devices communicating with each other.

The 4G technology will provide for a collection of different kinds of multiple access networks in which a user can gain access to a portal on the Internet (or whatever the entity) by the most appropriate means.
The user will not have to know which network provides the service. The smart device can analyze its environment and choose the best available service provider and technology (service discovery).
Contd.

Contd..

Both the network entities and the smart devices will be able to configure themselves so that they can adapt to new requirements. The emergence of fourth generation of mobile services will allow Users to connect to different networks depending on their location. For example, a handset could connect a wireless local area network (WLAN) when inside a building, switch to a 3G mast when outside, And connect to a standard network in areas with no 3G coverage.

4G is supposed to be an all IP Network with higher bit rates, enhanced Multimedia services, smooth streaming videos, worldwide Access/roaming capability, Intelligent software as driven technique. OFDM-UWB (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Ultra Wide Band) as representative standard, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA as Multi access techniques, low cost and tight security network.

Data transfer rates in 4G

4G wireless networks support the following maximum data transfer rates: 1 Gbits/second for Slow moving or Fixed or Indoor environment. Up to 100 Mbits/ second for Fast moving devices, such as a handset carried by a person in moving vehicles .

Indian Initiative
The Centre of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT) India, an autonomous institution, has been set up under a public-private initiative with a view to spearhead research within the country in the area of 4G technology. Broadband Wireless Consortium of India (BWCI), is a strategic initiative of CEWIT with the objective of providing a common national forum for all stakeholders in the broadband wireless market in India with a view to co-ordinate activities within India and also to ensure adequate representation of the needs of the Indian broadband wireless market in global standard forums.

One thing for sure:

The future will be unlike anything we know!