Pneumonia & The Correlation With Influenza

Malinda Priskasari P. 030.07.149

Introduction
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs that's usually caused by infection with bacteria, viruses, fungi or other organisms. Pneumonia is a particular concern for older adults and people with chronic illnesses or impaired immune systems, but it can also strike young, healthy people.

Etiology
Etiology is the study of the origins and associated causes of a disease or condition. Pneumonia is a lung infection that can result from: bacteria fungus Inhalation of foreign substances viruses. In most cases, the etiology of pneumonia involves researching bacterial infections.

Bacteria Many types of bacteria can cause pneumonia.

Viruses

About half of pneumonias are caused by viruses. When you have viral pneumonia, you run the risk of also developing a secondary bacterial pneumonia.

Mycoplasma
This tiny organism causes signs and symptoms similar to those of other bacterial and viral infections, although symptoms appear more gradually and are often mild and flu-like. This type of pneumonia is often called walking pneumonia.

Fungi
Certain types of fungus also can cause pneumonia, although these types of pneumonia are much less common.
Pneumonia caused by P. carinii is an opportunistic infection that affects people living with AIDS.

Pneumocystis carinii

Symptoms
breathlessness chest pain, especially when breathing deeply chills cough with phlegm (which is thick, green, yellow, clear or white) delirium or mental confusion diarrhea earache fatigue or weakness

symphtoms
headache heavy breathing high fever reaching up to 104 Fahrenheit muscle pain rapid heart rate skin discoloration (purplish) sore throat sweating.

Physical examination
Use of the Stethoscope. The
most important diagnostic tool for pneumonia is the stethoscope. Sounds in the chest that may indicate pneumonia include: Rales, a bubbling or crackling sound. Rhonchi, abnormal rumblings indicating the presence of thick fluid. A dull thud obtained by percussion.

Classification
Community-acquired pneumonia. This refers to pneumonia you acquire in the course of your daily life at school, work or the gym, for instance. Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia. If you're hospitalized, you're at a higher risk of pneumonia, especially if you are on a mechanical ventilator, are in the intensive care unit or have a compromised immune system.

classification
Aspiration pneumonia. This type of pneumonia occurs when foreign matter is inhaled (aspirated) into your lungs most often when the contents of your stomach enter your lungs after you vomit Pneumonia caused by opportunistic organisms. This type of pneumonia strikes people with compromised immune systems. Organisms that aren't harmful for healthy people can be extremely dangerous for people with AIDS, organ transplantation and other conditions that impair the immune system. Emerging pathogens. Outbreaks of the H5N1 influenza (bird flu) virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have caused serious, sometimes deadly pneumonia

Risk Factor
In general, pneumonia is more likely to affect those who have weaker immune systems, especially adults over the age of 65 and young children who do not have fully developed immune systems. However, factors other than age can weaken people's immune systems and, as a result, put them at a higher risk of developing pneumonia.

Prevention
Get vaccinated

Wash your hands.

Don't smoke
Take care of yourself

Protect others from infection

Complication
Bacteria in the bloodstream. Pneumonia can turn deadly when inflammation from the disease fills the air sacs in your lungs and interferes with your ability to breathe. Fluid accumulation and infection around the lungs. Sometimes fluid accumulates between the thin, transparent membrane (pleura) covering your lungs and the membrane that lines the inner surface of your chest wall - a condition known as pleural effusion. Lung abscess. A cavity containing pus (abscess) that forms within the area affected by pneumonia is another potential complication. Abscesses usually are treated with antibiotics, but in rare cases they may need to be removed surgically.

Some difference between pneumonia and influenza

Pneumonia
cough with phlegm (which is thick, green, yellow, clear or white) breathlessness chest pain, especially when breathing deeply delirium or mental confusion earache heavy breathing rapid heart rate skin discoloration (purplish) sore throat

Influenza

Dry cough Nasal congestion Loss of appetite Diarrhea and vomiting in children

The Correlation Between Pneumonia & Influenza

Pneumonia Influenza

Pneumonia and influenza are attack same system which is respiratory system Pneumonia and influenza can be caused by virus