Types

Hydraulic Brakes Disc Brakes Drum Brakes Dual System

Antilock Brake System (ABS)

Brake System Principles

Kinetic Energy (tenaga

gerak Mass Weight(berat/beban) Speed( kecepatan) Inertia and Momentum(kelesuan dan daya gerak)

Using Brake
Not an Emergency Brake Used specifically to keep a parked

vehicle from moving Usually on rear wheels only Mechanically operated

Static Friction: at rest friction- More

friction Kinetic Friction: in motion frictionless friction

Typical Using Brake

Service Brakes
Primary Braking System Should be stronger than the

engine Hydraulic Operated

assisted Disc System Drum System Dual System

Can be Vacuum, Hydro or Motor

Typical System

Hydraulic Principles
Fluids cannot be compressed Fluids can transmit Movement Acts Like a steel rod in a closed container Master cylinder transmits fluid to wheel cylinder or caliper piston bore. Fluids can transmit and increase

force

Force Area

Pressure

Hydraulics
Simplified Hydraulic Brake System

Drum Brake
Master Cylinder

Disc Brake

Hydraulic pressure is distributed

equally in all directions

Same line pressure to all wheels

The Hydraulic pressure is the same, but the applied force can be changed by the piston size

The applied pressure can be raised or lowered by piston size

Brake Pedal Design

First Mechanical

Advantage is Drivers foot Length of Lever determines force applied Uses Fulcrum Pedal Ratio
10 2 5:1 2.5 inches 5 0.5 inch

System Basics
Hydraulic

actuation allows multiplication of pedal force. In this system, a 10lb force on the pedal produces 360 lbs of force at the friction surface.

Drum Brakes
Expanding shoes

create force on the inner surface of the drum Used on the rear of some trucks and SUVs Self-energizing design requires less activation force Require periodic adjustment

Drum Brake System

Vented Rotors
Vented Rotors have Fins in the spaces between their machined surfaces. These spaces allow air to pass through, which helps carry heat away.

Nonvented Rotor
Non Vented Rotors are used on smaller vehicles, and have no cooling fins

Disc Brake Caliper Assembly

Caliper Types
There are 2 types of Calipers
Fixed
Calipers are disc brakes that use a caliper that

is FIXED in position and does not slide. They have pistons on both sides of the disc. There may be 2 or 4 pistons per caliper

Floating
Much more common

Single Piston
Easier to work with On inboard side of caliper

Fixed Caliper
Motorcycles and some import trucks and cars use this type Similar to bicycle brakes

Sliding Caliper
Applies pressure

to two pads on opposite sides of rotor Caliper

Sliding Fixed

Friction Material

exposed to air

Fixed Caliper
Applies two

pistons to opposite sides of rotor Caliper stays stationary Disc Brakes require higher hydraulic pressure

Brake Noise
Wear Indicator

Brake Pulsation
Usually a warped Rotor
Rotor needs trued on a brake lathe

Anti-Lock Brakes
A locked (sliding) wheel offers less

braking force than a decelerating rolling wheel The locked wheel also produces little lateral force, preventing steering control Anti-Lock systems (ABS) monitor wheel lock-up and modulate brake pressure to provide controlled braking under most circumstances

Anti-Lock Brakes
System can have 2, 3 or 4 channels Trucks typically use 3 channel with

only one sensor for the rear axle Most modern cars use 4 channel system Wheel speed sensors monitor each wheel speed ABS controller and high-pressure pump increase or reduce pressure to wheels in order to maintain consistent wheel speeds

Other Braking Systems

Air Brakes
Exhaust Brakes Electric or Trailer Brake