Stephen P.

Robbins , Organizational Behavior Dessler, Gary, Human Resource Management 11th edition

Lecture outline - Individual

What is personality?
Measuring personality Personality model Personality traits relevant to OB Values Values and ethical behavior Linking personality and values to workplace

Personality
Can you guys define personality??

 Personality is the total sum of ways in which an

individual reacts to and interacts with others. Rather than looking at the parts of the person, personality looks at the aggregate whole It can be described in terms of measurable traits a person exhibit

Measuring personality
Can we measure personality??

 Tests may measure several aspects of a person ranging

from intelligence, abilities, interests, self esteem, emotional stability. These aspects usually distinguish one person from another A test is based on empirical research and theoretical background

Tests should be
Valid
Reliable Standardized Uniform Objective Interpretable

 Why do you think it is important to measure

personality?

Personality tests can help in:

Screening
Selection Succession planning Career planning Team building Management development

 Personality can be measured by: Self report surveys Observer rating surveys Projective measures

Personality determinants
Do you think that personality is predetermined at

birth, or was it a result of the individuals interaction with his or her surroundings?

 Heredity Factors determined at conception Physical features Facial attractiveness Gender Temperament Muscle composition Energy level Shyness Fear Aggression Example of twins reared seperately

Personality model big 5 model

Extraversion comfort level with other
Agreeableness propensity to defer to others Conscientiousness measure of reliability Emotional stability ability to withstand stress Openness to experience ones range of interests and

fascination with novelty

Big 5 model and OB

Big 5 trait Why it is important? What does it affect?

Emotional stability

- Less negative thinking and fewer negative emotions - Less hyper-vigilant

-Better interpersonal skills -Greater social dominance -More emotionally expressive -Increased learning -More creative -More flexible

-Higher job and life satisfaction -Lower stress level

-Higher performance -Enhanced leadership -Higher job and life satisfaction -Training performance -Enhanced leadership -More adaptable to change

Extraversion

Openness

Agreeableness

-Better liked -More compliant and conforming

-Greater effort and persistence -More drive and discipline -Better organized

-Higher performance -Lower levels of deviant behavior

-Higher performance -Enhanced leadership -Greater longevity

Conscientiousness

Personality tests relevant to OB

Core self evaluation ones view on ones own self
Machiavellianism degree to which an individual

maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means. Narcissism - liking ones own self, having a sense of importance, require extensive admiration Risk taking Proactive personality people who identity opportunities, show initiatives, take action

Values
Basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or

end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end state of existence

 Why are values important?

 Terminal values Desirable end states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve in life Instrumental values Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving ones terminal values

 List you terminal values and instrumental values.

Terminal values A comfortable life An exciting life A sense of accomplishment

Instrumental values Ambitious Broad-minded Capable

A world at peace
A world of beauty Equality Family security Freedom Happiness Inner harmony Mature love National security Pleasure Self respect Social recognition True friendship Wisdom

Cheerful
Clean Courageous Forgiving Helpful Honest Imaginative Independent Intellectual Logical Loving Obedient Polite Responsible and self-controlled

 Do you think there are any generational differences in

values?
Age 65+ Dominant work values Hardworking, conservative, conforming, loyalty to the organization

Mid 40s to mid 60s

Late 20s to early 40s

Success, achievement, ambition, loyalty to career

Work/life balance, team oriented, dislike of rules, loyalty to relationships Confident, financial success, self reliant but team oriented, loyalty to both self and relationships

Under 30

Linking personality and values to workplace

Managers today are less interested in applicants ability

to perform on a specific job rather than with the flexibility to meet the changing environment Person-fit job Organization-fit job

Assignment
What are the implications of personality and values for

managers?