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MOLARITY

REACTIONS RATE
time change
Influence by:

trial

Concentration of reactants

Surface area

catalytic

temprature

reaction order

Reaction rate
Reaction rate or speed of reaction stating the number of chemical reactions that take place per unit time. The reaction rate expressed in

molarity

of solute reaction generated every second reaction.

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Check The Indicators

Explain the meaning and usefulness
molarity
solution

Calculate the concentration of the

Create a solution with a certain molarity

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16.2

Concentrations of Solutions
Water must be tested continually to ensure that the concentrations of contaminants do not exceed established limits. These contaminants include metals, pesticides, bacteria, and even the byproducts of water treatment. You will learn how solution concentrations are calculated. (molarity)

The mole is a unit of amount of substance which specifies the number of a substance (atoms, molecules, or other particles). One mole is defined as the amount of substance that contains as many particles of the substance contained in the 12,000 atom gram atom C-12.

- A measurement of the concentration of a solution - Molarity (M) is equal to the moles of solute (n) per liter of solution (V)

moles moles M Liter 1000 mL

M= m x 1000 Mr V (mL)
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Mass of Solute

Mol of Solute

Molarity
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Example of Calculating Molarity

Determine the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 4 grams of NaOH into the water, in order to obtain 200 mL of solution. (Mr NaOH =40) Analysis of the problem: known mass of solute and volume of solution, then you are asked to determine the molarity of the solution. Molarity is the number of moles of solute divided by the volume of the solution. so all you have to do is:
g of NaOH moles of NaOH molarity

Learning Check

Moles of NaOH, n= m = 0,4 gr =0,1 mol Mr 40 gr/mol Solutions Volume = 200 mL = 0,2 L So, The molarity Is : M = n = 0,1 mol = 0,5 mol L-1 V 0,2 L

LecturePLUS Timberlake

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Molarity Vs Dilution
In a dilution, water is added volume increases concentration of solute decreases

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Initial and Diluted Solutions

In the initial and diluted solution, the moles of solute are the same the concentrations and volumes are related by the following equations: For molarity

M1V1 Concentrated solution

M2V2 Diluted solution

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16.4

Relationship Between molarity with levels of solution

M=

x 10 x d Mr
=

with M = molarity, d = levels (%) solution, density of the solution and solution is concerned.

Mr= relative molecular mass of the solute in

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Example :
Calculate the molarity of sulfuric acid containing 96% H2SO4, density of 1.8 kg L-1

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M=

x 10 x % Mr M = 1,8 kg /L x 10 x 96 % 98 gr/mol M= 17,63 m0l/ L

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