THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AHKAM IN MUSLIMS LIFE

CAHAYA ADLINA ZAINI NADIHA MUSADDAD NORHASSMIRA HASAN NURUL NADIAH MOHAMAD SHAH

DEFINITION OF HUKM:
Hukm is the word and conduct of Allah that is addressed and related specifically to the actions of human that are capable of performing these commands. Therefore, every Muslim, male or female who is mature by reaching the age of puberty(bulugh) and mentally competent(rushd) is obligated to follow the command of Allah. 5 different grades of al-hukm al taklifi

Haram Mandub Makruh

Wajib

Al-hukm al taklifi

Mubah

Wajib (Obligatory)
Wajib is applied to a fard and vice versa. It is an obligation that gives the binding demand which leaves the Mukallaf with no choice but to conform Rewards will be given if a Muslim performed something wajib but if they ignore it, they will be given punishment. Fard ayni is a personal duty which is addressed to every individual and cannot in principle be performed for or on behalf of another person. Fard kafai is a collective duty which is addressed to the community as a whole. Only part of the community performed the obligation and the other are absolved for it.

 Wajib muwaqqat is contingent which must be performing within a specific time period such as fasting and hajj. On the other hand, wajib mutlak is absolute wajib which free from such limitation such as performing solat.

Mandub (recommended)
Demand of the Lawgiver which asks the Mukallaf to do something but it is not binding. One who does acts upon it deserved reward but no punishment if one is fail to perform the demand.
i. ii. Sunnah Muakkad (Sunnah al-Huda) Sunnah ghayr muakkad.

There are two types of sunnah:

Haram (forbidden)
Binding demand of the Lawgiver in respect of abandoning something, which maybe founded in a definitive proof or a speculative proof. One will be rewarded if omitting it but will be punishable if committing it.

There are two types of Harm:

i. ii. Haram li-dhatih Haram li-ghayrih

Makruh (Abominable)
Demand of the Lawgiver which requires the Mukallaf to avoid something but not in strictly prohibited term. It is preferable to omit than to commit it. The lowest degree of prohibition and it is used for the matters which fall between halal and haram

Mubah (Permissible)
A communication from the lawgiver concerning the conduct of mukallaf which gives him the option to do or not to do something. It is divided into three types:
i. ii. not bring any harm to the individual not bring any harm to the individual although it is forbidden

iii. lack a better alternatives

THE ROLES OF AHKAM IN MUSLIMS LIFE

INDIVIDUAL
IBADAH AKHLAQ MUAMALAH

INDIVIDUAL (IBADAH)
OBLIGATORY
RECOMMENDED PERMITTED
Performing hajj/pilgmirage for those who afford to do so. Fasting during Ramadhan for those who sick but it is not detrimental recommended to stay fasting
Fasting during Ramadhan for those who sick and afraid of detrimental permitted to breakfast Men married more than one

DISCOURAGE
PROHIBITED

Enter toilet without using slippers

Celebrating Valentines day

INDIVIDUAL (AKHLAQ)
OBLIGATORY/WAJIB

Respecting parents and older people Wearing henna

RECOMMENDED/MANDOOB

PROHIBITED/HARAM

Out from Islam/murtad

Wearing tattoo

INDIVIDUAL (MUAMALAH)
OBLIGATORY
RECOMMENDED PERMITTED
selling goods for those who really need it like in hunger. ijab and qabul during trading

Trading with the non-muslims

DISCOURAGE
PROHIBITED

Trading during the first azan of Friday prayer for men Selling goods not allowed by Syariah like pork

THE ROLES OF AHKAM IN MUSLIMS LIFE

SOCIETY
IBADAH AKHLAQ MUAMALAH

 Dowry is not listed as one of the tenets of marriage. But Allah asserted in Surah An-Nisa, Verse 4,

Ibadah: DOWRY

Give to the women that you married their dower as a free gift which is mandatory

Therefore, the hukm of giving dowry is mandatory.

However, nowadays, there is confusion between dowry and wang hantaran. Mostly our society takes seriously on wang hantaran instead of dowry.

 The hukm for qurban is sunat muakad which is highly recommended.

Allah stated in Al-Quran, Surah Al-Kausar, Verse 1 and 2,:

QURBAN

We bestowed a river for you in Paradise. Then pray to your Lord and make sacrifices (Qurban).
Can strengthen the relationship between Muslims and other religion as we show them the goodwill value that being practice in Islam.

CONGREGATIONAL PRAYER
It is discouraged (makrooh) if the followers equate the reading of surah with the imam or earlier than imam. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) has explained the right way as a makmum in congregational prayer in a hadith

imam was created to be followed, therefore when he raises his takbir, you should follow him, and dont you raise you takbir earlier than your imam...
If we do frequently the makrooh thing, the hukm may change into haram.

AKHLAQ:WATCHING MOVIE IN THE CINEMA

Syeikh Yusof Al-Qaradhawi : No doubt that the cinema is a one of the instruments of directing and entertainment. Then affairs (activities) of each these tools is seen whether used for good or evil. Thus we believe that watching movie in cinema is permissible (harus) and good, but it need to follow the specific condition

WEARING RING
In a Hadith narrated by Imam Tarmizi and Imam Ahmad, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) wore the ring at his

third and pinkie.

Prophet do not wear ring for the purpose of worship with intent to get a reward. Instead, he wore it for a specific purpose like to stamp his letters to the heads of state at the time.

WEARING SILK
Silk is one of the ornaments that are worn by inmates in Hereafter. There are a few Hadith from Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) that asserted the prohibition of wearing silk for men:

Hadith narrated by Bukhari and Muslim,

Do not wear silk, surely those (men) who wear them in the world cannot wear it in the Hereafter.
Hadith narrated by Ahmad, Abu Daud, An-Nasaie, Ibn Hibban dan Ibn Majah,

Prophet Muhammap (PBUH) take the silk and gold then put them at his right and left hand respectively and he said,

Both are prohibited for a man from my ummah.

MUAMALAT: Purchase shares from a company that deal with riba

Air Asia, Samudra, and KLCC Do not practice the Islamic Law in their financing system and the might practice riba. Obviously, riba is prohibited in Islam as Allah asserted in Surah Ali Imran, Verse 130,

"O ye who believe, do not consume usury, doubled and multiplied, but fear Allah that you may prosper.

 Based on Qal'ahji opinion, purchase shares from companies that deal with riba is a permissible. But, it is an obligatory for those purchasers to purify their assets by give out the riba part for Islam used.

As mentioned by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in his Hadith narrated by Ibn Umar,

"Prophet hand and over to the Jewish Khaybar Khaybar palm trees and lands so that they can manage it by using their properties. Prophet earns half of the fruits."

PARTICIPATE IN THE SHORT MESSAGING CONTEST.

Muzakarah Fatwa Committee of the National Council for Islamic Religious Affairs Malaysia has decided that to join SMS contest is forbidden as it against the Islamic Law. This is because the contest contained elements of exploitation of ambiguity (uncertainty), betting and luck fall within the meaning of gambling. Islam strictly prohibit gambling as Allah mentioned in Surah Al- Maidah, Verse 90,

O you who believe! Intoxicants, gambling, idolatry and divination by arrows trunks, are (all) dirty (shameful) act of the devil. Therefore you should avoid it that you may be successful.
Another reason why it is forbidden to join SMS contest is the company charge high charges.