Seminar on

-Guided by

-Miss. Nisha Patel

-Prepared by -Ritesh Patel -Shiv Patel

 CONTENT

Introduction.

Overview.
Types of Co-generation. Application of Co-generation. Benefits of Co-generation.

 Introduction
Whats a Co-generation/CHP System?

Co-generation [also combined heat and power (CHP)]

Generation of multiple forms of energy in one system: heat and power

Defined by its prime movers Gas turbines Steam turbines Reciprocating engines Micro turbines Fuel cells

 CONTENT

Introduction.

Overview. Types of Co-generation.

Application of Co-generation. Benefits of Co-generation.

 Overview

 Overview
Co-generation process in automobile
Main components of a typical system are: - The engine or prime mover which drives the generator. - The generator which produces electricity. - The heat recovery system that recovers the waste heat from both the engine water cooling jacket and exhaust gases. - The exhaust system to take away the products of combustion.

 Overview
Efficiency Advantage of CHP requires only 3/4 of the primary energy For the same amount of fuel more efficiency.

 CONTENT

Introduction.

Overview. Types of Co-generation.

Application of Co-generation. Benefits of Co-generation.

Options for Cogeneration Systems

- Open Gas turbine systems
Open Brayton cycle: atmospheric air at increased pressure to combustor Old/small units: 15:1 New/large units: 30:1 Exhaust gas at 450-600 oC High pressure steam produced: can drive steam turbine
Compressor Air HP Steam Turbine Exhaust Gases HRSG

.
Condensate from Process Steam to Process

Combustor Fuel

G Generator

-Back pressure Steam turbine systems

Widely used in CHP applications Oldest prime mover technology Capacities: 50 kW to hundreds of MWs Thermodynamic cycle is the Rankine cycle Steam exits the turbine at a higher pressure that the atmospheric
Boiler

Turbine

Condensate

Process

LP Steam

Options for Cogeneration Systems

- Combine cycle system
Many advantages: operation, efficiency, fuel costs Used as direct mechanical drives

- Reciprocating Engine

Types of Cogeneration Systems Topping Cycle

Bottoming Cycle

Types of Cogeneration Systems.

Micro CHP
The installation is usually less than 5 kW in a house or small business

Mini CHP
installation is usually more than 5 kW and less than 500 kW in a building or medium sized business.

 CONTENT

Introduction.

Overview. Types of Co-generation.

Application of Co-generation. Benefits of Co-generation.

Application
Large scale Small scale Typical installations:

-Hospitals & Air Ports, where there is already a requirement for stand-by power. -District Heating Systems. -Reciprocating engines -Horticulture. -Industries - single-building users

Application of Co-generation.
CHP can also avoid transmission and distribution losses.

CHP technology is commercially available today

Application of Co-generation.
July 2007 Hondas Compact Household Cogeneration Unit Achieves Cumulative Sales of 50,000 units in Japan

 CONTENT

Introduction.

Overview. Types of Co-generation.

Application of Co-generation. Benefits of Co-generation.

Benefits of Co-generation. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) High overall plant efficiency. Decentralize the electricity generation. Reduces line losses. Flexible & Modular. Less pollution. Simplicity in operation. Ability to use waste materials. Reducing Environmental impact. Economic management.

Co-generation
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