CDMA/UMTS SYSTEMS (3G NETWORKS) VIDEO APPLICATIONS

PREPARED BY : 1- FAHAD AL-SUTAMI 2- JARALLAH AL-RASHID

CDMA/UMTS (VIDEO APPLICATIONS)

OUTLINE :
INTRODUCTION (WHY 3G) ? WIRLESS NETWORKING. BASICS OF CDMA. MIGRATION TO 3G . EVOLUTION OF MESSAGING. UMTS OBJECTIVES. VIDEO STREAMING. CONCLUSION .

 Existing mobile networks (GSM/CDMA) were designed to handle voice traffic and voice-oriented services.

Then, when they were introduced into the market it turned out that, other than voice-oriented, additional services (SMS to set an example) gained unexpected popularity.
The need for data transmission through mobile networks has been growing gradually together with Internet popularity.

Therefore some network upgrades had to be introduced into existing mobile networks (HSCSD, GPRS). However, these improvements provide only limited capability (e.g. GPRS - up to 50kbit/s in reality). They don't provide flexible, variable data speed, supporting Quality of Service solutions.

3G Vision
some 3G advantages : - Multimedia (voice, data & video) exchanging .
-Increased data rates -384 Kbps while moving -2 Mbps when stationary at specific Locations - Universal global roaming

Multilevel data rates which gives multi-purpose networking . Many different applications .

CDMA BASICS
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) is the backbone technology for UMTS. It splits calls into fragments and send them over different frequencies simultaneously. The use of multiple frequencies gives CDMA effective protection against interference and lost calls. CDMA supports true packet switching and does not use time slots, therefore it is more bandwidth efficient than TDMA -- also a more direct path to 3G. Current CDMA penetration in the world market is about 27%.

Important Issue
IMPACT OF VOICE And DATA TRAFFIC:

The provision of multimedia services to mobile users is one of the main goals of 3G systems.

The traffic transferred in the network will be composed by different information flows with various constraints on the required QoS. The issue over here is to decide the use of whole frequencies for all users at the same time !!!

Migration To 3G

3rd Generation Wireless Vision

Extends current data applications & devices Enables breakthrough data services
2nd Generation 3rd Generation

Web Browsing
E-mail E-Commerce Telemetry Vertical Solutions Messaging

Full Web browsing

E-mail w/ Attachments

Streaming Audio & Video

Online Games

Richer E-Commerce
Multimedia Messaging

Video Telephony
Music Download

Vehicle Location
9.6 Kbps 28.8 Kbps 384 Kbps

Rich Call
Mobile Multimedia
Versatility of Content and User Benefits Multimedia Message Service

Browsing

SMS

Picture Messaging

Text

Messaging

Text & Graphics

Digital image input

New content types Time

UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) 3G standard.

UMTS is new choice for operators of GSM networks [GSMA]. UMTS is based on WCDMA radio technology.

The UMTS technology can access to different services ranging from the classical speech service (8-12,Z Kb/s) to high rate packet data service (up to2 Mb/s) with different transfer modes.
Circuit switching and packet switching are the two transfer modes that are available.

 Joint evaluation and optimization of UMTS packet data services and multimedia applications Real-time UMTS radio link emulation is required for the evaluation of
interactive applications. control loop performance of adaptive applications.

Support of standard applications:

IP interface QoS support for QoS-unaware IP applications

Transport channels are divided into dedicated channels, which can be assigned and then used only for transmissions to and from a single mobile terminal (MT) at a time, and common channels which are time shared by different MTs.

Speech traffic is transported over dedicated channels. Dedicated Channels (DCH) are assigned to single users through set-up and tear down procedures and are power controlled according to a closed loop mechanism that adjusts transmission power in order to keep the SIR (Signal to-Interference-Ratio) at a target value.

Packet data can be delivered using a circuit oriented scheme which still adopts dedicated channels, or can be delivered using ad-hoc shared resources. In particular, two different shared channels are available for packet transmissions: DSCH (Downlink Shared Channel) and FACH (Forward Access Channel). DSCH users must have an associated active DCH on the downlink whose power control mechanism is also used to control the power of the shared channel itself. The FACH is shared by many users to transmit short bursts of data, but, unlike DSCH, no closed-loop power control is exerted and no DCH must be activated to access this channel.

 HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access) data calls on the third-generation (3G) UMTS .

In recent tests the HSDPA-enhanced network delivered sustained over-the-air data rates of more than three megabits per second . supported a variety of high-bandwidth multimedia services including high-quality streaming video, as well as fast downloads of high resolution images and other large files.

3G - UMTS
Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Other Networks

SIM

ME

BTS

BSC

MSC/ VLR

GMSC PSTN

EIR

HLR

AUC

PLMN

RNS
Node B RNC SGSN GGSN Internet

USIM

ME

SD

UTRAN

Note: Interfaces have been omitted for clarity purposes.

UMTS Concepts
WLAN Application Client UMTS Proxy LAN Application Server

Real-time UMTS radio link emulation running on Linux PC, multimedia applications on Laptops, all connected by LAN Layer 1/2 UMTS radio protocol stack emulation for user plane data traffic, including: RLC segmentation & ARQ MAC scheduling PHY bit-error injection Real-time UMTS radio link emulation running on Linux PC, multimedia applications on Laptops, all connected by LAN QoS flow concept: individual QoS setting for each TCP or UDP data flow

QoS Flows Concept

Each TCP or UDP connection is treated as an individual flow: Flows are distinguished by source/destination IP address and port numbers. To each flow, an individual service is assigned: A service is defined by UMTS Traffic Class and maximum bitrate. Services are mapped to UMTS radio link protocol parameters. Example: differentiation between TCP call setup and UDP data streaming

Example - Video Streaming

IP-based streaming & videophone applications: Some but limited delay UDP transport packet loss Application specific control loops: error control by buffering, retransmission, and slow bit-rate adaptation. designed for Internet congestion. Standards & implementations: Real Video Streaming Windows Media Streaming MS NetMeeting (H.323)

Example Session - Parameters

Applications Windows Media Streaming: multiple bit-rate streams: 26/40/60/80/120/200/300 kbps (audio: 8 kbps) buffer: 3 seconds Real Video Streaming: multiple bit-rate streams: 20/34/45/80/150/225/350/450 kbps (audio: 5-32 kbps) buffer: 3 seconds

UMTS Proxy Frame error model: PB = 0.01, LB = 2, Service: Streaming 128 kbps, RLC ARQ off Streaming 128 kbps, RLC ARQ on Streaming 64 kbps, RLC ARQ on buffer: 3 seconds (48 kB / 24 kB)

Supported Applications
Standard IP applications (ftp, telnet, etc.) Web browsing MS NetMeeting Real Video Streaming Windows Media Services Video enhanced messaging (miLife) ... most IP based multimedia application are configurable to run through the UMTS Proxy!

UMTS Traffic Classes

Traffic Class Conversational Conversational RT Fundamental Characteristics Preserve time relation (variation) between information entities of the stream Conversational pattern (stringent and low delay ) Application Examples Voice, Video, Interactive games Streaming Streaming RT Preserve time relation (variation) between information entities of the stream (i.e. some but constant delay) Interactive Interactive best effort Request response pattern Preserve payload content Background Background best effort Destination is not expecting the data within a certain time Preserve payload content

FAX, Streaming audio, Streaming video

Web browsing, Email, Ftp, Database retrieval

Background download of email, Backdrop delivery of email, SMS, FAX, Download from database

The UMTS Demonstrator is an integrated, real-time UMTS radio link emulator + application monitoring tool.

Application Client

IP

UMTS Radio Link Emulator

IP

Application Server

Configuration & Monitoring Tool

Conclusion
We conclude that the CDMA/UMTS networks are the real future for mobile technology for more flexibility and numerous different applications ..