29 October 2013

2.3 Force and acceleration

Resultant forces Find the resultant force on these objects.
10N 5N 10N 20N

10N

15N

30N 10N 10N

29 October 2013

2.3 Force and acceleration

5N

30N

20N

5N

2.3 Force and acceleration

29 October 2013

LOs Be able to explain how force and mass affect acceleration

The F18 Hornet aircraft takes off at 140mph and weighs almost 30 tons. Aircraft carriers are not long enough for it to reach this speed. Steam catapults help the launch.
V Majer

How are force and acceleration connected?

Diagram
Trolley String pulley

Ramp

Method
1. 2. Set up apparatus as shown. Attach a 50g mass to the end of the string. Time how long it takes for the trolley to travel 1 metre. Add another 50g and repeat. Take 5 different readings.

Results Weight (N) Time (s)

Weight

3.
4.

5.

Acceleration is proportional to force

The mass pulls the trolley along the track, and it accelerates because of _______. If we increase the weight (a force), acceleration will ______.
Force Complete this sketch graph.

Acceleration

Acceleration is proportional to force

The mass pulls the trolley along the track, and it accelerates because of gravity. If we increase the weight (a force), acceleration will increase.
Force

Force increases so the acceleration increases.

Acceleration

Acceleration is inversely proportional to mass. If this time we change the mass of the object being pulled, increasing it by 1kg. The following graph is obtained.
acceleration

mass

Check
You should be able to: All Be able to explain that if force is increased acceleration is increased and if Mass is increased then acceleration is decreased. Most Be able to use equation ( if given) Force = mass x acceleration.

Practical.
A trolley rolls along a track. A ticker timer is used to calculate speed and acceleration Different forces are use to start it moving Then different masses are added and the experiment is repeated

Results
1st reading (taken at 0s) 2nd reading (taken at 1s) Change in speed (m/s)
Acceleration (m/s)

1N 2N 3N
0m
1m

0m
2m

0m
3m

Copy and complete

Question
What is the relationship between the acceleration and the force?(use an ER...ER relationship)

Results

1kg 2kg 3kg

1st reading (taken at 0s) 2nd reading (taken at 1s) Change in speed (m/s)
Acceleration (m/s)
Copy and complete

0m 1m

0m 0.5m

0m 0.33m

Question
What is the relationship between the acceleration and the mass? ( Use an ER............ER relationship)

We have discovered:
1. As force increases so does acceleration. (This is common sense, the harder you push something, the faster it moves!) 2. As weight increases, acceleration decreases. (Again, this isnt rocket science! If somethings heavy its hard to shift!)
Copy

Mathematical relationships
Force
newtons

kilograms

Mass

metres/second

Acceleration

F MX A

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