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What is Cognition? Cognition means the ability of humans to recognize and process information. It implies the existence of mental processes such as comprehension, inference, decision making, planning, and learning.
Perception
Perception is the process of:
Acquiring Interpreting Selecting and Organizing Sensory Information from internal & external sources
Perceptual Process
Inputs Throughputs Output
[Stimuli]
Selective Perception
Selectivity- Two Psychological Principles
i.
Figure Ground Principle: meaningful bits of info is figure/ waste is ground ii. Relevancy: Relevant to the needs and desires of the person in question
Perceptual Process
3. Organization of Perception: Integrating the bits of information into a meaningful whole is organization Methods of Organization
i. ii.
iii.
Groupingsimilar pieces together Closure Tendency to form a complete message with incomplete data SimplificationLeaving the less important to more important
Perceptual Process
4. Interpretation
Perceptual Process
5. Action: This is the resultant behavior emerging out of perceptual process. May be negative/ positive
Situation Size: Establishes dominance & enhances perceptual selection Intensity: Loud and soft Frequency/ Repetition Contrast Status
Improving Perception
Methods to improve Perception
Perceiving oneself accurately: More awareness about oneself with open communication Improving ones self concept Be empathetic Having Positive Attitude Avoiding Perceptual Distortions Communicating Openly