Glucose biosensors

1 BY HARSHA VARDHAN.G.B. SANGAR.SI ARVIND KUMAR.M KARTHIKEYAN.R JEYASURIYAKANTH.R KISHORE.T

WORKING OF A BIOSENSOR
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BIORECEPTOR

NUCLEIC ACIDS,TISSUES.,ETC

TRANSDUCER

OPTICAL TRANSDUCER,PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS

AMPLIFIER

DIGITAL DISPLAY

BIO-RECEPTOR
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Includes a species of biological origin such as enzyme

,antibody or DNA strand

The bio-receptor must be capable of recognizing the

analyte of interest with a high degree.

i.e. binding between a receptor and analyte takes

place.

TRANSDUCER
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Specifications:

TRANSDUCER
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Translates the binding between receptor and analyte

into measureable physical change.

Possible changes are production of electrons,

protons or an electrochemical species.

Eg: hydrogen peroxide, change in conductivity.

SCHEMATIC CONFIGURATION
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CROSS-SECTIONAL VIEW
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WORKING
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Glucose reacts with glucose

oxidase(GOD) to form gluconic acid. Two electrons & two protons are also produced. Glucose mediator reacts with surrounding oxygen to form H2O2 and GOD. Now this GOD can reacts with more glucose. Higher the glucose content, higher the oxygen consumption. Glucose content can be detected by Pt-electrode.

POLYMERS IN BIOSENSORS
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For determination of glucose, the glucose oxidase is

immobilized in polyaniline.
Aniline is electrochemically polymerized from a

solution containing glucose oxidase into platinum electrodes

RXN

INVOLVED:

APPLICATIONS
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The foremost application of a glucose biosensor is to check the

sugar level in a persons body.

In food industry, these biosensors are used to monitor the

freshness of food.
Keeping glucose levels in check is crucial to minimize the

onset of the damage caused by diabetes

Environmental applications e.g. the detection of pesticides and

river water contaminants.

 Determination of drug residues in food, such as antibiotics and growth promoters.

Drug discovery and evaluation of biological activity of new compounds.

Analytical measurement of folic acid, biotin, vitamin B12 and pantothenic acid. Using bacteria researcher can detect pollutants in samples.

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DRAWBACKS
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The monitoring systems currently in general use

have the drawback of below optimal number of readings, due to their reliance on a drop of fresh blood. Some continuous glucose monitors are commercially available, but suffer from the severe drawback of a short working life of the probe.

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