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Use a ; at the end of the line to stop commands from echoing to the screen Use keys to scroll through previously entered commands and rerun. continues a command to the next line. help will tell you how to use a function and what it does. (e.g. >> help plot )
Vector
[ ]
row vector
use n for column vector use set of 2 : to make a regularly spaced set of data.
>> c = [1:0.25:2]
c =
1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00
>> c = c c = 1 4 7 2 5 8 3 6 9
d =
4 7 5 8 >> e = [d d] e = 4 7 4 7 5 8 5 8 >> f = [d; d] f = 4 5 4 5 7 8 7 8
Combining Arrays
0 1 2 3 4 5
>> find(x) can also use to find which indices have a specific value ans =
1 2 4 5 6 >> i4 = find(x==4)
i4 = 6
nan
3.14159265 sqrt(-1) imaginary unit 2.2204e-016 (small number, can also be set to a number) infinity (from 1/0) not-a-number (from 0/0) an n x m matrix of zeros an n x m matrix of ones an n x m matrix of uniformly distributed numbers an n x m matrix of normally distributed numbers
\
.* ./ .^ n [ ] ; : ( )
addition, subtraction matrix multiplication, division, power * [ 2 x 3] * [3 x 2] = [2 x 2] / A/B = (B'\A')'B'\A ^ z = x^y, x or y must be a scalar. X = A\B is the solution to the equation A*X = B array multiplication, division, power (arrays must be the same size) transpose, complex conjugate define matrix separate rows, non-echo end of line. all elements of row, column or between 2 numbers. specify elements of a defined vector/matrix
25
The matrix operation does the linear algebra operation for the matrices.
clear clears all or specified variable from memory keyboard within a dot-M file gives command control
to the keyboard. Type return to continue. dbquit used for debugging, to exit from a dot-M file after keyboard has been used to give control to the command line save save variables to a file (default is matlab format, file.mat)
2D Graphics Functions
plot fill loglog semilogx semilogy bar errorbar fplot hist polar rose stairs
linear plot of lines, points or symbols filled 2D polygons log-log scale plot log (x-axis) - linear (y-axis) plot log (y-axis) - linear (x-axis) plot Linear plot with error bars Function plot histogram polar coordinate plot angular histogram plot stairstep plot
3D Graphics Functions
plot3 fill3 contour,contour3 pcolor quiver, quiver3 stream, stream3 mesh, meshc, meshz surf, surfc, surfl
Plot lines and points in 3D space Filled 3D polygons in 3D space contour data in 2D or 3D space checkerboard color plot in 2D vector plot in 2D or 3D Stream lines in 2D or 3D Mesh surface in 3D, with contours or zero plane. Shaded surface in 3D Display surface normal vectors. Generate a cylinder or sphere.
% Make a mesh out of x and y [X,Y] = meshgrid(x,y); % takes vectors and repeats x for every y and y for every x.
% Define a function for every x, y pair Z = sin(X).*cos(Y); whos X Y Z
% opens the figure window. % 6 plots in figure split into 2 rows and columns % 1- first plot is in top-left % plot all the points in the % first column as a red line % (also b, g, y, c, m, k, w).
title(['Plot 1: ' modelname]); xlabel('X'); ylabel('Z'); grid; % Plots grid lines axis([xmin-dx xmax+dx minz maxz]);
subplot(2,3,3) plot(Y,Z,'.-');
% plot all rows of X versus all rows of Z % -- dashed line, also -solid, : dotted, -.dash-dot % can also combine symbols and line 'o-; title('Plot 3: whole array'); xlabel('Y'); ylabel('Z'); grid; axis([ymin-2*dy ymax+2*dy 2*minz 2*maxz]);
subplot(2,3,6) surfl(X,Y,Z); shading interp; colorbar; set(gca,'Zlim',[-2 2]); view(15,20); title('Plot 6: surfl'); xlabel('X'); ylabel('Y'); zlabel('Z')
Cosine Curve
if and(x > xmin,x < xmax) disp(x is within limits); elseif (x > xmax) disp(x is too large); elseif (x < xmin) disp(x is too small); end
Learning More
Remember the help command
MATLAB help pages: describe how to use functions and gives examples provides theory behind more complex functions Getting Started MATLAB Functions Listed by Category MATLAB Functions Listed Alphabetically MATLAB Reference Guide, Users Guide same as help pages, but in print -- sometimes nice to flip through when youre not sure what youre looking for