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Ladders and

Stairs
Hazards of ladders
❖ Falls

❖ Slips

❖ Reaching too far

❖ Weather
1a
Hazards of ladders
❖ Oil or grease on a ladder
❖ Not secure
❖ Contact with
electricity
❖ Objects that fall from
ladders
1b
Hazards of stairs
❖ Clutter

❖ Slippery surfaces

❖ Damage

1c
Hazards of stairs
❖ Poor lighting

❖ Unsafe work
practices

1d
OSHA regulations
❖ General industry - 29 CFR
1910.24 through .27

❖ Construction - 29 CFR 1926


Subpart X

3a
Terms used in general
industry regulations
❖ Ladder

❖ Stepladder

❖ Type 1 - Industrial stepladder

❖ Type 2 - Commercial stepladder


4a
Terms used in general
industry regulations
❖ Type 3 - Household stepladder

❖ Single ladder

❖ Extension ladder

❖ Fixed ladder
4b
Terms used in general
industry regulations
❖ Individual-rung ladder

❖ Rail ladder

❖ Cage

❖ Well
4c
Ladder inspection
❖ Inspect ladders frequently

❖ Portable metal ladders must be


inspected immediately if it tips
over

10a
Precautions for safe
ladder use
❖ Inspect the ladder for defects
before
using it

❖ Select a ladder with adequate


length and load limits

❖ Do not use metal ladders near


electrical lines
11a
Precautions for safe
ladder use
❖ Use ladders for their intended
purpose

❖ Set up the ladder on a firm,


solid surface

❖ Keep ladders
secured/barricaded

11b
Precautions for safe
ladder use
❖ Keep areas around the top and
bottom of the ladder clear

❖ Open stepladders fully, and lock


the spreaders

❖ Set up straight ladders using


the 4-to-1 rule

11c
Precautions for safe
ladder use
❖ Face ladders when
ascending/descending

❖ Use both hands to grip the side


rails whenever possible

❖ Only one person on a ladder at a


time

11d
Precautions for safe
ladder use
❖ Don’t stand on the top 2 steps
of a stepladder

❖ Don’t stand on the top 4 rungs


of a straight ladder

❖ Never move a portable ladder


with someone on it

11e
Precautions for safe
ladder use
❖ Hoist material up to you when
you’ve reached the top of the
ladder

❖ Work within the side rails

❖ Store ladders in designated


areas

11f
Maintenance
❖ Remove ladders with structural
defects, corrosion, or defective
parts from service

❖ Tag ladders
“Do Not Use”

12a
Staying safe on stairs
❖ Eliminate slippery conditions
❖ Clean up spills
❖ Keep free of ice
and snow
❖ Ensure proper
lighting in stair
areas
13a
Staying safe on stairs
❖ Use handrails

❖ Always walk up
and down stairs
- don’t run

13b
Staying safe on stairs
❖ Make sure you can see over
materials you are
carrying on a
stairway

❖ Report unsafe
conditions

13c

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