By: 1. Risa Suryani (11311040) 2.

Roisa Indriani (11311043)

DIRECT METHOD
Direct Method was developed by Maximilian Berlitz towards the end of the 19th century as a reaction to the Grammar Translation Method.

THE DIRECT METHOD

The Direct Method is named direct because meaning should be connected directly with the target language without translation into the native language.

meaning

target language

THE DIRECT METHOD

Basically, the Direct Method aims to provide language learners with a practically useful knowledge of language. Knowing a language is being able to speak it.

THE DIRECT METHOD

This method argues that a foreign language can be taught without translation, unlike the argument of the Grammar-Translation Method.

THE DIRECT METHOD

Rather than translating the teaching material, the teacher is expected to directly use the target language in class because a language can best be taught by using it actively in the classroom.

THE DIRECT METHOD

The teacher should not explain but associate the meaning through action and demonstration.

WRITING

LISTENING

SINGING

READING

THE DIRECT METHOD

In this way, learners will be able to induce grammar rules through examples, illustrations, and demonstrations.

THE DIRECT METHOD

This method replaces the textbook with teacher-student / student-student activities such as reading aloud, questionanswer exercises, fill-in-the-blank exercises, etc.

THE DIRECT METHOD

Correct pronunciation is given careful attention in this method. In addition, new vocabulary is taught by using known words.

BASIC PRINCIPLES

1. Classroom instruction is conducted exclusively in the target language. The teacher should demonstrate, not explain or translate.

NEVER TRANSLATE: DEMONSTRATE

BASIC PRINCIPLES
2. Only everyday vocabulary and sentences are taught. BASIC VOCABULARY IS GIVEN FIRST

BASIC PRINCIPLES

3. Grammar is taught inductively. There may never be an explicit grammar rule given. DO NOT GIVE RULES: MAKE THEM FIGURE OUT THE RULE.

BASIC PRINCIPLES

4. New teaching points are introduced orally. ORAL TRANSMISSION

BASIC PRINCIPLES
5. Correct pronunciation and grammar are emphasized.

BASIC PRINCIPLES

6. Both speech and listening comprehension are taught.

BASIC PRINCIPLES

7. Vocabulary is taught through known words, demonstration, authentic objects (realia), pictures, and miming.

BASIC PRINCIPLES

8. The teacher, by asking the student to make a choice, gets him to correct his own error. LEARNING BY SELF-CORRECTION

BASIC PRINCIPLES
9. The syllabus is based on situations or topics, not usually on linguistic structures. CONTEXTUAL/TOPICAL TEACHING

BASIC PRINCIPLES

10. Learning is not merely restricted with formal language knowledge; it also involves speaker conventions and descriptive usage.

NOT formal BUT NATURAL USE

BASIC PRINCIPLES
11. Students should learn to think in the target language as soon as possible. Vocabulary is acquired more naturally if students use it in full sentences, rather than memorizing word lists. NOT memorization but PRODUCTION

BASIC PRINCIPLES
12. The purpose of language learning is communication; therefore students need to learn how to ask questions as well as answer them. COMMUNICATION-FIRST PRINCIPLE

TECHNIQUES IN THE DIRECT METHOD

Reading aloud Question-answer exercise Student self-correction

Conversation practice
Fill-in-the-blank exercise

Dictation