Patricia Benner Novice to Expert Nursing Theorist

CONTESSA M. GABRIEL,RM,RN,MAN Professor Ramon Magsaysay Technological University

Patricia Benner Novice to Expert Nursing Theorist

Stage 1
NOVICE has no experience yet with only months or a year of nursing practice that was a limited performance, inflexible and governed by context-free rules and protocols. One good example of a novice is a nursing student.

Stage 2
ADVANCED BEGINNER Those who have at least 1 year to 2 years of experience. Can demonstrate skills within the minimally accepted standards. They experienced enough real situations to make judgments about them.

Stage 3
COMPETENT A nurse who has been on the job for 2 to 3. Competent nurse can demonstrate ability to prioritize client care requirements. They differentiate important factors from less important aspects of care.

Stage 4
PROFICIENT A proficient nurse has 3 to 5 years of experience and can demonstrate holistic understanding of a client's condition and focuses on long-term goals. They operate more intuitively than does the competent nurse. They use maxims as guides for what to consider in a situation.

Stage 5
EXPERT Expert nurse has 5 years and above experience, performance is fluid, highly skilled, highly developed perceptual acuity, flexible, highly proficient and has an intuitively grasp of the situation and no longer requires rules or guidelines or even maxims to connect an understanding of the situation to appropriate action.

THANK YOU!