Perpendicularity Control

Define Perpendicularity
Perpendicularity is the condition that results when a surface, axis, or centerplane is exactly 90 deg to a datum.

A perpendicularity control is a geometric tolerance that limits the amount a surface, axis, or centerplane is permitted to vary from being perpendicular to the datum.

Perpendicularity Applications
1. Perpendicularity applied to a surface. 2. Perpendicularity applied to a planar FOS. 3. Perpendicularity applied to a cylindrical FOS.

Perpendicularity Tolerance Zones

1. Two Parallel Planes

2. A cylinder

Perpendicularity applied to a surface

Interpretations
Tolerance zone two parallel planes that are perpendicular to the datum plane. Distance between tolerance plane specified tolerance value. Important criteria all elements of the surface must be within the tolerance zone. Perpendicularity tolerance zone limits the flatness of toleranced feature.

Inspection of perpendicularity

Perpendicularity control that contains MMC modifier

Interpretations
Tolerance zone two parallel planes that are perpendicular to the datum plane. Distance between tolerance plane specified tolerance value. The center plane of the Actual Mating Envelope must be within the tolerance zone. A bonus tolerance is permissible. A fixed gauge may be used to verify the perpendicularity control.

Perpendicularity control with MMC modifier applied to cylindrical FOS

Interpretations
Tolerance zone a cylinder that is perpendicular to the datum plane. Diameter of the tolerance zone specified tolerance value. The axis of the diameter must be within the tolerance zone. A bonus tolerance is permissible. A fixed gauge may be used to verify the perpendicularity control.

Angularity Control
Angularity is the condition of a surface, center plane, or axis being exactly at the specified angle.

An angularity control is a geometric tolerance that limits the amount a surface, center plane, or axis is permitted to vary from its specified angle.

Angularity applications
1. Angularity applied to a surface. 2. Angularity applied to a cylindrical FOS.

Angularity tolerance zones

1. Two parallel planes

2. A cylinder

Angularity applied to a surface.

Interpretations
Tolerance zone two parallel planes that are perpendicular to the datum plane. Distance between tolerance plane specified tolerance value. Important criteria all elements of the surface must be within the tolerance zone. Tolerance zone is oriented relative to the datum plane by a basic angle. Angularity tolerance zone limits the flatness of toleranced feature

Angularity control applied to a diametrical FOS

Interpretations
Tolerance zone a cylinder. Diameter of the tolerance zone specified tolerance value. The axis of the toleranced feature must be within the tolerance zone. Tolerance zone is oriented relative to the datum plane by a basic angle. An implied 90 deg basic angle exists in other direction

Inspection of Angularity

Parallelism Control
Parallelism is the condition of a surface, center plane, or axis being exactly parallel to the datum.

An parallelism control is a geometric tolerance that limits the amount a surface, center plane, or axis is permitted to vary from being parallel to the datum.

Parallelism Applications
Parallelism applied to a surface. Parallelism applied to a cylindrical FOS.

Parallelism Tolerance Zones

1. Two parallel planes.
2. A cylinder.

Parallelism Applied To a Surface

Interpretations
Tolerance zone two parallel planes that are parallel to the datum plane. Tolerance zone is located within the limits of size dimension. Distance between tolerance plane specified tolerance value. Important criteria all elements of the surface must be within the tolerance zone. Parallelism tolerance zone limits the flatness of toleranced feature.

Parallelism Applied to a FOS at MMC

Interpretation
Tolerance zone a cylinder that is parallel to the datum plane. Diameter of the tolerance zone specified tolerance value. The axis of the diameter must be within the tolerance zone. A bonus tolerance is permissible. A fixed gauge may be used to verify the parallelism control. Parallelism tolerance zone limits flatness of the toleranced feature.

Inspection

LOCATION TOLERANCES

Concentricity control
This is a type of location control. A median point is the midpoint of a twopoint measurement. A concentricity is the condition where the median points of all diametrically opposed elements of a cylinder (or a surface of revolution) are congruent with the axis of datum feature. A concentricity control is geometric tolerance that limits the concentricity error of a part feature.

Example:

 Tolerance zone for a concentricity control is three dimensional. Tolerance zone of concentricity control is a cylinder. The cylinder is coaxial with the datum axis and diameter of the cylinder equal to the concentricity control tolerance value. Median points must lie within the cylindrical tolerance zone.

When using concentricity control, the specified tolerance and datum reference always apply on an RFS basis.

Example

Concentricity application
Concentricity is used when:
Precise balance of part. Equal wall thickness. Equal distribution of mass.

Inspecting concentricity

Inspecting Concentricity

SYMMETRY DEFINITION

Symmetry is the condition where the median points of all opposed elements of two or more feature surfaces are congruent with the axis or centerplane of a datum feature.

A symmetry control is a geometric tolerance that limits the symmetry error of a part feature.

SYMMETRY

SYMBOL :-

ZONE OF TOLERANCE :- TWO PARALLEL PLANES

A symmetry control may only be applied to part features that are shown symmetrical to the datum centerplane.

The tolerance zone is centered about the datum centerplane. The width between the planes is equal to the symmetry control tolerance value.

When using a symmetry control, the specified tolerance and the datum references must always be applied on an RFS basis.
TECHNOTE

The tolerance zone is two parallel planes centered about a datum axis or centerplane.
The median points of the toleranced feature must be within the tolerance zone.

Inspecting Symmetry When inspecting this part, three separate checks are required : size of the slot, its Rule #1 boundary and

its symmetry.