Requirements and viewpoints for backhaul synchronization

draft-zhou-tictoc-ran-sync-req-00.txt Angela Zhou, Xiaodong Duan China Mobile

Outline
Synchronization Requirements Mobile backhaul network

Concerns on synchronization

Synchronization in 2G/GSM
Current 2G/GSM Networks
MS
E1 SDH MS E1

Future 2G/GSM Networks

MS BTS BSC Circuit Emulation E1 PSN E1

Ref. clock

Ref. clock

BTS

BSC
IP BTS

FE

GE IP BSC

Sync Requirements in current 2G/GSM Networks

SDH transport network need frequency sync: +/- 50ppm Base stations need frequency sync: +/- 0.05ppm Reference clock is distributed via an explicit transport at the physical layer: PDH/SDH

Sync Requirements in future 2G/GSM Networks

Packet switching network do not need strict synchronization Base stations need frequency sync: +/- 0.05ppm For base stations, Reference clock is distributed via PSN, need physical synchronization support (e.g. Sync Ethernet) or packet-based synchronization (e.g. 1588). Note: Previous SDH transport network maybe still exist for traditional base stations, sync requirement is the same as before.

Synchronization in 3G/TD-SCDMA
Current trail 3G/TD-SCDMA Networks Future 3G/TD-SCDMA Networks
Ref. clock NodeB NodeB
ATM ATM

PSN
FE

GE

SDH

RNC RNC NodeB

NodeB

Sync Requirement in current 3G/TD-SCDMA Networks

SDH transport network need frequency sync: +/- 50ppm For transport network, Reference clock is distributed via an explicit transport at the physical layer: PDH/SDH Base stations need frequency sync: +/0.05ppm, and phase sync: +/- 3us For base stations, reference clock is distributed via GPS

Sync Requirement in future 3G/TD-SCDMA Networks

Packet switching network do not need strict synchronization Base stations need frequency sync: +/- 0.05ppm, and phase sync: +/- 3us For base stations, reference clock is distributed via PSN, need physical synchronization support (e.g. Sync Ethernet) for frequency sync or packet-based synchronization (e.g. 1588) for time/phase sync.

Synchronization in 4G/TDD-LTE/FDD-LTE
Possible synchronization requirements in LTE
Synchronization requirements in ALL-IP network Synchronization requirements in distributing Base Station (mesh topology among base stations) Synchronization requirements in distributing BBU & RRU Synchronization requirements in radio interfaces Note: synchronization requirement in LTE is under discussion.
eNB eNB eNB Ref. clock PSN eNB AGW eNB eNB eNB

Synchronization in different parts

Requirements schematic diagram
UE
Base station Base station controller Network SYNC Ref. Clock Radio Interface SYNC Node SYNC

UE

Base station

Synchronization requirements in different positions

Layer
Network Sync

Sub Items
E1 STM-N PTN

Frequency Accuracy
50ppm 4.6ppm Not so strict

Phase Accuracy
-

Node Sync

Controller-Base station Inter-Base station

50ppb(If base station pick up 3us(if base station pick up time time from base station controller) from base station controller) 50ppb(If base station pick up time from other base station) 50ppb 50ppb 50ppb 50ppb 50ppb 3us(If base station pick up time from other base station) 3us TBD -

Radio interface

GSM WCDMA TD-SCDMA TDD LTE FDD LTE

Outline
Synchronization Requirements
Mobile backhaul network Concerns on synchronization

Mobile backhaul
Mobile backhaul could be based on
Carrier Ethernet (e.g. 802.1ad, PBB-TE) IP/MPLS (e.g. PW, VPLS, L3VPN ,IP routing) T-MPLS Others

Each transport technique can fit certain scenario respectively, and they could be used in different network layers (access/aggregation/core).

Mobile backhaul
Mobile backhaul network
Base station

Access

Aggr

Base station controller

Core Base station controller

802.1ad

Base station Base station

PBT PON DLS

IP/MPLS core

Base station

Base station controller

TMPLS
IP/MPLS core

Base station TMPLS

TMPLS

Base station controller

Base station MPLS Access Base station 802.1ad MPLS AGG VLL/VPLS

Base station controller Base station controller

IP/MPLS core

SON & Self-backhauling

Ref. Clock

Self Organization Network

AGW 2 AGW 1

Some BSs are configured only by its mother BS for both sync and radio resource

Self-backhauling
New BS Join

Using in-band connection between BSs for backhaul

Outline
Synchronization Requirements Mobile backhaul network Concerns on synchronization

Concerns & Summary

The requirements for RAN is clear and urgent
Radio Access Network is on the early stage of moving to IP transport Using GPS will affect the flexible deployment of BS, we really need a new synchronization technology to substitute GPS, epically though a simple Ethernet port How to distribute synchronization through packet based network? Can 1588 meet our requirements? Telecom profiles of 1588 should be standardized:
network scale/ network load/ local clock accuracy Security

The synchronization methods in next generation mobile network (LTE) and MESH/SON network should be paid more attention.

At the same time, it is complex and more technologies in backhaul

How to extend IEEE1588 or other synchronization technology so that it can be used smoothly in PBN and complex backhaul. Features needed for Backhaul nodes to support 1588 for high accuracy Different layers shall collaborate to meet the sync requirements form end to end, so what kind of mechanisms/protocols are need between different layer and technologies in backhaul?

Thank you& Any questions?