Cytosol and Cytoskeleton

By : Group Six 1. Astrid Riauda Putriana 2. Encik Rosiana 3. Fadila Aftriani 4. Herizki Dwi Utami Putri 5. Isra Layla Yusti 6. Muflikhatur Rohmah 7. Sepada Asmarika Kadir 8. Shelvi Febryani

Departement of Biology Education Faculty of Teaching and Education Riau University

Filament Intermedia

Filament Intermedia

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Intermedia filaments is a filament that tough and durable in eucaryota cell. This filament consist of protein fibrosa mollecule. And have high flexibility. The size is smaller than microtubula but bigger than microfilament. The diameter between 8 10 nanometer. Intermedia filaments is a hollow yarn, which consists of five protofilaments, parallel to one another and form a circle. Intermedia filaments are located throughout the cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus with its head resembles a basket towards the peripheral regions. These filaments are often found cells that often gets preformance mechanical pressures, such as epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, nerve cell axons. Intermediate filaments have a difficult trait dissolved. According to the amino acid sequence, intermedia filaments classified to 4 groups, they are :

Intermedia Filaments Protein Group

Type of Filaments

Polypeptide Compilers
Acid keratin Alkaline keratine Vimentin Desmin Acid fibrilar protein Neurofilaments that consist of proteins Nuclear lamina protein Lamin A, B. And C

Place in the cell

Epitelium cell and derivat of epidermis, hair and nails Mesenchymal cells Cells in culture Muscular cells Neuron All of nuclear lamin Eucaryota cells

FI type I

FI type II

FI type III

FI type IV

Intermedia Filaments Protein Group

Intermedia filaments type I consist of keratins, with acid and alkaline keratines or netral. Keratin filament

is heteropolimer that consist of two subunits with 1 :

1 ratio.

Intermedia filaments type II are desmin, vimentin,

and glia cells fibrilar protein. Most of mesenchym

cells derivat had vimentin, awe found demin in all of muscular cells. And fibriliar protein Schwan cells. in glia and

Intermedia Filaments Protein Group

Intermedia filaments type III assembled

into neurofiloamen which are building

blocks of axons and dendrites, the filaments are called neurofilament.

Intermedia filaments type IV are lamina that compiler nuclei. The protein consists of three types, namely , , laminas.

Intermedia Filaments Protein Group

Lamins are different with cytoplasmic intermedia filaments.

The contrast difference that lamin make a webbing that form twodimensional sheets. Nucleus lamina is a structure that dynamic, easy to decompose and assembled back. One of example in current mitosis stadium, all of eucariyota will synthesize. All of eucaroyota syntesize filament and minimal we have one from four example of intermedia filaments that

make difference, we will found fo 1 type of 4 types. Some of cells, synthesize more than one intermedia filament with difference structures.

Intermedia Filaments Protein Group

Intermedia filaments that most stable and resistant is the

intermedia filament that made from keratin mollecules. This

filaments are various. Simple epitelium cells just had 2 kinds of keratin, but the other cells had 6 kinds. The various of keratins could see in skin epidermis. Some of different keratin proteins is synthesized by epidermal epitelium cells specially on surface. If animals die, keratin will protect their body and some of animals keratin can be hair, nails, etc. So that, intermedia

filaments as barrier or inhibitor to heat (hot) and decrease of water (loss water) and as act.