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June 2009 John Moring

Overview IEEE 1609.0, 1609.3, 1609.4, 1609.5

Contents
Standards Overview IEEE P802.11p WAVE MAC and PHY IEEE 1609.4 Multi-Channel Operation IEEE 1609.3 Networking Services

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WAVE Scope

External Systems Host Host

ROAD SIDE UNIT Applications

Covered by WAVE Standards

ON-BOARD UNITS OBU OBU Applications

External Systems Host Host

Wireline Stack Wireline Stack

Wireline Stack Wireline Stack

WAVE Stack WAVE Stack WAVE Stack

WAVE Stack

Optional External Interface

Air Interface

In Vehicle In Vehicle Optional Network Network External Interface

Wireline Stack Wireline Stack

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Protocol Architecture

Management Plane

Data Plane

UDP / TCP WSMP IPv6

Management

Security

LLC WAVE MAC (including channel coordination) PHY

Air Interface

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Trial Use Standards


IEEE Std 1609.1-2006
WAVE device Upper Layers IEEE 1609.1, et al. Networking Services IEEE 1609.3

Resource Manager IEEE Std 1609.2-2006 Security Services IEEE Std 1609.3-2007 Networking Services IEEE Std 1609.4-2006 Multi-Channel Operation IEEE P802.11p - draft WAVE MAC and PHY

WAVE IEEE 1609.2 Service Security

Lower Layers IEEE 1609.4, IEEE 802.11p

Medium

IEEE Std 802.11-1999 MAC and PHY

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Full Use Standards in process

1609.2

UDP / TCP IPv6

Management

Security

LLC WAVE MAC (including channel coordination) PHY

1609.4

1609.3

WSMP

Future higher layer standards 802.11

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Ongoing Standards Activities


IEEE P802.11p work continues Full Use 1609 updates in process 1609.2, 1609.3, 1609.4 Resource Manager standard being redefined to address low-end devices 1609.1 Architecture document in process 1609.0 Communications Manager standard authorized 1609.5; placeholder for possible future work Electronic payment services standard in process 1609.11

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Overview of 802.11p (D7.0)


Specifies channelization in the 5.9 GHz band Tunes some RF specs to allow highway operation Defines a mode of operation outside the context of a basic service set Removes latency-causing link setup operations such as authentication Defines a Time Advertisement message

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Overview of 1609.4 Multi-Channel Operation


Extensions to the 802.11/802.11p MAC Management plane (MLME: MAC SubLayer Management Entity) Manages optional regular switching between control channel and service channel Queues regular time advertisements and/or service advertisements Data plane (MAC) Multiplexes/demultiplexes higher layer protocols (IPv6, WSMP) Queues messages for transmission on the correct channels Manages transmit message priority

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1609 Channel Coordination examples


CCH Interval SCH Interval CCH Interval SCH Interval

Time
a) CCH

Continuous access
Control Channel: management and (high priority) messages

b) CCH

SCH

Alternating access
Service Channel: general user message and IP traffic

c) CCH

SCH

Immediate access
For devices that dont need continuous CCH access

d) CCH

SCH

Extended access

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1609.4 Transmit Operation


LLC

MAC (with Muti-Channel Operation)


Channel Routing
Management frames

CCH (WSM data only) AC=1 AC=2 AC=3 AC=4

SCH (WSM and/or IP data) AC=1 AC=2 AC=3 AC=4

Management frames

802.11p MAC (CCH)

Internal Contention

Internal Contention

Channel Selector and Medium Contention

Transmission Attempt

802.11p MAC (SCH)

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

AIFS[AC] CW[AC] TXOP[AC]

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Overview of 1609.3 Networking Services


Management plane (WME: WAVE Management Entity) Generates contents of service advertisements based on higher layer info
Including IP configuration info and security credentials

Monitors received service advertisements for services of interest to higher layers


Estimates channel quality

Determines channel allocation/switching schedule to satisfy service requests Data plane Incorporates standard LLC and IPv6 Introduces thin WAVE Short Message Protocol (WSMP)
Allows direct control of RF parameters (e.g., power, data rate) by the higher layer

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WAVE Short Message Protocol (WSMP)


Messages transmitted on request by higher layer Dest. MAC address, User Priority, Channel, Data rate, Transmit Power, PSID

Messages delivered over the air by MAC address


Unicast or broadcast Messages delivered up the stack by protocol and PSID EtherType distinguishes WSMP from IP
Higher layer
Peer MAC address User priority Channel number Data rate TxPwr_ Level Expiry Time 1 Dest_ address Priority Channel number Data rate TxPwr_ Level Expiry Time 1 Dest address Priority Channel number Data rate TxPwr_ Level Expiry Time DSAP= 0xAA 1 SSAP= 0xAA 1 3 2 WSMP Header WSM data WSMP version WSM data Var. WSM data

PSID

Length

WME-Wave ShortMessage.req WSMP DLUNITDATA.req LLC MAUNITDATA.req MAC

4 PSID

Var. Ext. fields

1 WSM element ID

2 WSM length

Control= OUI= EtherType 0x03 0x000000 =0x88DC

LLC header

SNAP header

Data field

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Services
Provider role Sends out WAVE Service Advertisements (WSAs) on control channel
Includes info on services and channels May include IP configuration info In Trial Use, included timing info now separate

Operates on identified service channel(s) at designated times for application data exchange User role Monitors WSAs for services of interest May visit identified service channels at designated times for application data exchange Allocation of radio resources to communication channels performed by 1609 stack based on higher layer request priority, service availability, device capabilities

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WAVE Service Advertisement (WSA) contents


1 WAVE version 1 Var. 1 Repeats
Extension fields

Provider Service Table

WAVE Routing Advertisement

Transmit Power Used 2D/3D Location Advertiser Identifier


1 WAVE Element ID 2 Router lifetime

IP configuration info
16 1 Prefix length 16 Default gateway 6
Gateway MAC address

16 Primary DNS

Var.

Service Info

Channel Info

IpPrefix

Extension fields

Secondary DNS
KEY KEY Optional Optional Field Extension fields

Lengths in octets Lengths in octets

Info about available services


1 4 1 Service Priority 1 Var.

Info about service channels


1 WAVE Element ID 1 Channel Number 1 Adaptable 1 Data Rate 1 TxPwr_ Level Var.

PSC IPv6 Address Service Port Provider MAC Address

WAVE Element ID

PSID

Channel Extension fields Number

Extension fields

EDCA Parameter Set


May be repeated May be repeated

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Example of WAVE Transmit Protocol Layers


Higher layer

This illustrates content from the higher layers, processed by the WAVE stack, and sent out as a service advertisement in an 802.11 frame
Security Header

Service info

WMEProviderService.req

WME
WSA Header

PST

WRA

SEC-SignWSA.req

Security Services
WaveService Advertisement Security Trailer
SEC-SignWSA.cfm

IEEE 1609

WME

WSA

MLMEX-WSA.req

MLME extension
OUI Content descr. WSA
MLMEVSPECIFIC.req

MLME
Cate gory

OUI

Vendor Specific Content

MAC
MAC Header

Vendor Specific Action frame

MAC Trailer PHY

IEEE 802.11

PHY Header

Air interface

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WSA Flow, allows devices to coordinate SCH usage for data exchange
Provider User

Higher layer
Service request processing

WME

SECURITY

MLME

MLME

SECURITY

WME
Service request processing

Higher layer

SEC-SignWSA.req

Decide to assign channel access

SEC-SignWSA.cfm

MLMEX-WSA.req

MLMEX-WSA.cfm
WSA

MLMEX-SCHSTART.req

MLMEX-SCHSTART.cfm

MLMEX-WSA.ind
SEC-VerifyWSA.req
SEC-VerifyWSA.cfm
Decide to assign channel access

MLMEXREGISTERTXPROFILE.req
MLMEXREGISTERTXPROFILE.cfm Sent if service uses IP

MLMEX-WSA.rsp

MLMEX-SCHSTART.req

MLMEX-SCHSTART.cfm
MLMEXREGISTERTXPROFILE.req

MLMEXREGISTERTXPROFILE.cfm

Data exchange

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PSID & PSC


Provider Service Identifier (PSID) 4 octets; values allocated by IEEE Used as WSMP recipient address, and Used as primary identifier of services in WAVE Service Advertisement Presumably identifies type of information and encoding to be found on the SCH

Provider Service Context (PSC)


0-32 octets; meaning determined by PSID Used as optional secondary service descriptor in WSA May indicate information sub-type, date tag, security context, etc.

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Going Forward
Core WAVE standards: 802.11p, 1609.4, 1609.3, 1609.0 Expect technical work to finalize this year Standards published by mid-2010 Work on other standards proceeding

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