3G -2G interworking integration meeting- VMS

Time :22-Oct-2009 Location: Hanoi

Handover and reselection control

I insert classification level 1 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Agenda Handover Control

Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-Frequency &Inter-System Handover Optional: GSM ISHO Cell Reselction

Reselection from WCDMA to GSM

Reselection from GSM to WCDMA

Soc Classification level 2 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handovers
Softer Handover Handover between sectors of the same Node B (handled by BTS) No extra transmissions across Iub interface Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) is occurring in both the UL and DL

Soft Handover MS simultaneously connected to multiple cells (from different Node Bs) Extra transmission across Iub, more channel cards are needed (compared to non-SHO) Mobile Evaluated Handover (MEHO) DL/UE: MRC & UL/RNC: Frame selection combining Hard Handover Arises when inter-RNC SHO is not possible (Iur not supported or Iur congestion) Decision procedure is the same as SHO (MEHO and RNC controlled) Causes temporary disconnection of the (RT) user

Inter-Frequency Handover
Can be intra-BS, intra-RNC, inter-RNC Network Evaluated Handover (NEHO) Decision algorithm located in RNC

Inter-RAT Handover
Handovers between WCDMA and GSM (NEHO) or GAN (WLAN)
Presentation / Author / Date Soc Classification level 3 Nokia Siemens Networks

HC Parameter Database Structure

32

RNC
100

ADJG

G:InterSystem
100

FMCG WBTS
48 HOPG 100

I:InterFrequency
100

ADJI FMCI WCELL ADJS

HOPI 100

32

S:IntraFrequency

FMCS
32

ADJD

HOPS

100

RNC = Radio Network Controller level parameters WBTS = Node B level parameters WCELL = Cell level parameters FMCx = Frequency Measurement Control parameters (S=intra-frequency set; I=interfrequency; G=inter-RAT) ADJx = Adjacent Cell parameters (S=intra-frequency set; I=inter-frequency; G=interRAT; D=Detected Set)
Soc Classification level 4 Nokia Siemens Networks

HOPx = Handover Path parameters (S=intra- frequency set; I=inter-frequency; G=interRAT) Presentation / Author / Date

Handover Control Parameters

Handover are controlled mainly by four groups of parameters
ADJx Adjacency definition, specific offset, HOPx set selection FMCx Handover related measurement report triggering and decision HOPx Intra-frequency hard handover, cell re-selection WCEL FMCx set selection, Cell re-selection hysteresis

Soc Classification level 5 Nokia Siemens Networks

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ADJS, HOPS & FMCS

HO Parameter Handover Control Parameters Categories
RNC parameters WCEL parameters HOPS parameters FMCS parameters ADJS parameters HOPI parameters FMCI parameters ADJI parameters HOPG parameters FMCG parameters ADJG parameters

Define Adj Cell

ADJS parameters 1 Cell Identifier CPICH Ec/No Offset Disable Effect on Reporting Range Location Area Code Maximum UE TX Power on RACH Mobile Country Code Mobile Network Code Mobile Network Code Len Primary CPICH power NRT HOPS Identifier Primary Scrambling Code RNC Identifier Routing Area Code RT HOPS Identifier Tx Diversity Indicator

31

Define Adjacent Cell Measurement Control

Define Target Cell Selection

100
HOPS parameters 1 Cell Re-selection HCS Priority Cell Re-selection HCS Threshold Cell Re-selection Minimum Quality Cell Re-selection Minimum RX Level Cell Re-selection Penalty Time Cell Re-selection Quality Offset 1 Cell Re-selection Quality Offset 2 Cell Re-selection Temporary Offset 1 Cell Re-selection Temporary Offset 2 CPICH Ec/No Averaging Window Enable Inter-RNC Soft Handover Enable RRC Connection Release HHO Margin for Average Ec/No HHO Margin for Peak Ec/No Release Margin for Average Ec/No Release Margin for Peak Ec/No

Intra-Frequency Inter-Frequency Inter-System

FMCS parameters 1 Active Set Weighting Coefficient Addition Reporting Interval Addition Time Addition Window CPICH Ec/No Filter Coefficient CPICH Ec/No HHO Cancellation CPICH Ec/No HHO Cancellation Time CPICH Ec/No HHO Threshold CPICH Ec/No HHO Time Hysteresis CPICH RSCP HHO Cancellation CPICH RSCP HHO Cancellation Time CPICH RSCP HHO Filter Coefficient CPICH RSCP HHO Threshold CPICH RSCP HHO Time Hysteresis Drop Time Drop Window Maximum Active Set Size Replacement Reporting Interval Replacement Time Replacement Window

100

In GSM:
Soc Classification level 6 Nokia Siemens Networks

Define Adj Cell

Presentation / Author / Date

Define HO Trigger
HoThresholdsLevDL Rx (LDR): -92 dBm Px (LDP): 3 Nx (LDN): 4

Define Target Cell Selection

Rx Lev Min Cell: -95 dBm

Soft Handover
HC supports the following measurement reporting events and features:
Event 1A: A primary CPICH enters the reporting range (Ncell addition) Event 1B: A primary CPICH leaves the reporting range (Ncell deletion) Event 1C: A non-active CPICH becomes better than an active primary CPICH (Ncell replacement) Cell individual offsets for modifying measurement reporting behaviour Mechanism for forbidding a neighboring cell to affect the reporting range

Handover decision performed by RNC based on measurements and available resources Admission Control can reject the branch addition in case the maximum load is achieved in DL (threshold + offset), valid both for RT and NRT bitrates. Hard blocking may prevent branch addition

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1A: A Primary CPICH Enters the Reporting Range

Ec/Io ActiveSetWeightingCoefficient Strongest CPICH in AS P CPICH 2 P CPICH 1

AdditionWind ow 1 2

P CPICH 3 time 3 AdditionTime 4 Measurement no AdditionReportingInterval Report Add to the AS?

Soc Classification level 10 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

RNC

1B: A Primary CPICH leaves the Reporting Range

Ec/Io

Strongest CPICH in AS P CPICH 1 P CPICH 2 1 P CPICH 3 2

DropWindow

DropTime
Measurement Report
Soc Classification level 13 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Time
Remove the reported cell from the AS

1C: A non-active CPICH becomes better than an active primary CPICH

Ec/Io AS has 3 cells P CPICH 1 P CPICH 2 P CPICH 4 1 ReplacementWindow weakest CPICH3 in AS P CPICH 3

time 2 3 ReplacementTime ReplacementReportingInterval no Measurement Report

Soc Classification level 16 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

AS update?

RNC

Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM

Soc Classification level 18 Nokia Siemens Networks

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IFHO/ISHO Process Overview

HO HOTriggering TriggeringThresholds Thresholdsset setin inRNC RNC Event EventTriggered TriggeredCoverage/Capacity Coverage/Capacity based HO fulfilled based HO fulfilledin inRNC RNC
RNC RNCcommands commandsselected selectedUE(s) UE(s)to tostart start IF/IS measurements IF/IS measurements Measurements Measurementsare aredone donein in Compressed Mode (CM) Compressed Mode (CM) UE UEreports reportsGSM GSMcells cellswith with strongest RSSI signals to strongest RSSI signals toRNC RNC

About 25 HO parameters 5 Coverage/Capacity HO Reasons

(31 Intra-Freq neighbours) 48 Inter-Freq neighbours 32 Inter-System neighbours can be measur

Max 32 neighbours could be measured

RSSI RSSImeasurements measurementsand andBSIC BSIC verification for GSM cells verification for GSM cells RNC RNCmakes makesHO HOdecision decisionand and commands UE to target cell commands UE to target cell
Soc Classification level 19 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Reporting cells are active set cells (max 3) + max 6 IFHO, max 6 ISHO neig Different decision methods for IF HO Only one decision method for IS HO

IFHO/ISHO measurements- difference

IF measurements
IF-HO Measurement Trigger Target Cell found

WCDM A IS measurements

IF -measurements
IF-HO Decision

IS-HO Measurement Trigger

Target Cell found

IS-HO Decision

WCDM A

RSSI meas.

BSIC verification

BSIC verification required in case neighbour list includes multiple GSM neighbours using the same RF carrier
Soc Classification level 20 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Inter-System HO cancellation Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM 3G-2G Cell Reselection

Optional: GSM ISHO Overview on selected further functionality

Soc Classification level 21 Nokia Siemens Networks

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IF/IS Handover Measurement Triggering Reasons

1. Low measured absolute CPICH Ec/No, event 1E/1F FMCI: IFHOcauseCPICHEcNo FMCG: GSMcauseCPICHEcNo 2 . Low measured absolute CPICH RSCP, events 1E/1F FMCI: IFHOcauseCPICHrscp, FMCG: GSMcauseCPICHrscp

3. UE Tx power 4. DL DPCH approaches its approaches its Measureme maximum allowed power maximum allowed nt FMCI: IFHOcauseTxPwrDL power, event 6A/6D Trigger FMCG: GSMcauseTxPwrDL FMCI: IFHOcauseTxPwrUL FMCG: 5. Quality deterioration report 6 . Others GSMcauseTxPwrUL from UL outer loop PC - Load and Service based HO FMCI: IFHOcauseUplinkQuality - IMSI based HO FMCG: GSMcauseUplinkQuality - Emergency ISHO Frequency Measuring Control for Inter-Frequency = FMCI Frequency Measuring Control for Inter-System (GSM) = FMCG
Soc Classification level 22 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover: Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM

Soc Classification level 23 Nokia Siemens Networks

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IFHO Parameters
CPICH RSCP (Event 1F) Thresholds:

HHoRscpThreshold HHoRscpCancel
L3 filter:

DL DPCH power Threshold: Data rate threshold

CPICH Ec/Io (Event 1F) Thresholds:

InterFreqDLTxPwrThrXX

HHoEcNoThreshold HHoEcNoCancel
L3 filter: Time to trigger:

HHoRscpFilterCoefficient * HHoRscpTimeHysteresis * HHoRscpCancelTime * UE Tx Power (Event 6A\6B)

Time to trigger:

HHOMAxAllowedBitrateDL

EcNoFilterCoefficient * HHoEcNoTimeHysteresi s* HHoEcNoCancelTime *

Timer: UL Quality

Threshold: L3 filter:

IF HO meas control parameters

InterFreqMaxMeasPeriod * InterFreqMeasRepInterval * InterFreqNcellSearchPeriod * InterFreqMinHoInterval * InterFreqMinMeasInterval * InterFreqMeasAveWindow *

InterFreqUETxPwrThrXX InterFreqUETxPwrFilterCoeff *
Hysteresis margin (time to trigger): Data rate threshold

ULQualDetRepThreshold
Data rate threshold

InterFreqUETxPwrTimeHyst * HHOMAxAllowedBitrateUL *

HHOMAxAllowedBitrateU L

Handover Triggering

(XX=AMR,NrtPS,RtPS) (* = parameters already optimised) (in purple = parameters under study)

Decision Algorithm
AdjiPlossMargi n AdjiMinEcNo AdjiMinRSCP AdjiTxPwrDPC H AdjiEcNoMargi n Handover Execution

more optional trigger in RAN04:

IMSI based IFHO

Soc Classification level 24 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

ISHO parameters
CPICH RSCP (Event 1F) Thresholds: HHoRscpThreshold HHoRscpCancel L3 filter: HHoRscpFilterCoefficient Timers: HHoRscpTimeHysteresis HHoRscpCancelTime UE Tx Power (Event 6A) Threshold: GsmUETxPwrThrXX L3 filter: GsmUETxPwrFilterCoeff Hysteresis margin: GsmUETxPwrTimeHyst Data rate threshold HHOMAxAllowedBitrateUL DL DPCH power Threshold: GsmDLTxPwrThrXX Data rate threshold HHOMAxAllowedBitrateD L CPICH Ec/Io (Event 1F) Thresholds: HHoEcNoThreshold HHoEcNoCancel L3 filter: Done already for SHO Timers: HHoEcNoTimeHysteresis HHoEcNoCancelTime UL Quality Timer: ULQualDetRepThreshold Data rate threshold HHOMAxAllowedBitrateU L

GSM measurement reporting

GsmMeasRepInterval GsmNcellSearchPeriod GsmMinMeasInterval GsmMaxMeasPeriod

Handover Triggering Decision Algorithm

AdjgTxPwrMaxTCH AdjgRxLevMinHO (n) GsmMeasAveWindow

(XX=AMR,CS,NrtPS,RtPS)

2 more optional triggers in RAN04:

Emergency ISHO (EMISHO)

Soc Classification level 28 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

IMSI based ISHO

Handover Execution

2G-to-3G back prevention

GsmMinHoInterval

Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover SRNS Relocation Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM

Soc Classification level 31 Nokia Siemens Networks

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How many UEs in Compressed Mode ?

DL/UL power

No new UE can be in CM here

PtxOffset/ PrxOffset PtxTarget/ PrxTarget

One new UE in CM can be allowed if the limit is not reached

New UEs can be switched to CM when: Pxx_Total < Pxx_Target & # of UEs in CM < MaxNumbUECMcoverHO Load

Soc Classification level 33 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover: SRNS Relocation Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Inter-System HO cancellation Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM 3G-2G Cell Reselection

Optional: GSM ISHO Overview on selected further functionality

Soc Classification level 34 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

IFHO Decision criteria

Quality Criterion in case trigger was DL DPCH Power or CPICH Ec/No: AVE_RSCP_NCELL (n) > AdjiMinRSCP(n) + max(0, AdjiTxPwrDPCH(n) - P_MAX) Signal level from new cell > required Signal level in new cell + adjustment due to allowed power AVE_EcNo_NCELL (n) > AVE_CPICH_EcNo + AdjiEcNoMargin(n) EcNo on new cell better than EcNo in old cell + margin Pathloss Criterion in case trigger was UE Tx Power, CPICH RSCP or UL DPCH Quality: AVE_EcNo_NCELL (n) > AdjiMinEcNo(n) EcNo on new cell better than required EcNo in new cell (default 14 dB) CPICH_POWER - AVE_CPICH_RSCP > CPICH_POWER_NCELL (n) - AVE_RSCP_NCELL (n) + AdjiPlossMargin(n) PathLoss in old cell > PathLoss in new cell + Margin (default 2 dB)
Soc Classification level RRC:Physical channel reconfiguration to execute HO RNC uses Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

(continued)

35

IFHO Parameters
The meaning of the parameters is: AVE_RSCP_NCELL (n) and AVE_EcNo_NCELL (n) are the averaged CPICH Ec/No and RSCP values of the best (according to CPICH Ec/No) neighbor cell (n). AVE_CPICH_EcNo is the averaged CPICH Ec/No of the best active set cell. P_MAX is the maximum UE power capability. HOPI: AdjiMinRSCP(n) Range: -115..-25 dBm, step 1 dBm, Default value: -100 dBm Determines the minimum required CPICH RSCP (dBm) level in the best inter-frequency neighbor cell (n). ADJI: AdjiTxPwrDPCH Range: -50..33 dBm, step 1 dBm Indicates the maximum transmission power level that an UE may use on the DPCH in the neighbor cell. It is used in the IF handover decision algorithm HOPI: AdjiEcNoMargin(n) Range: -24..24 dB, step 0.5 dB Default value: 1 dB determines the margin (dB) by which the CPICH Ec/No of the best neighbor cell (n) must exceed the CPICH Ec/No of the best active set cell before the inter-frequency handover is possible HOPI: AdjiMinEcNo(n) Range: -24..0 dB, step 0.5 dB Default value: -13 dB determines the minimum required CPICH Ec/No (dB) in the inter-frequency best neighbor cell (n) before the IFHO is possible HOPI: AdjiPlossMargin(n) Range: -50..100 dB, step 1 dB Default value: 2 dB determines the margin (dB) by which the propagation loss of the best active set cell must exceed the propagation loss of the best neighbor cell (n) before the inter-frequency Handover is possible
Soc Classification level 37 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover: SRNS Relocation Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM

Soc Classification level 38 Nokia Siemens Networks

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ISHO Decision
The following conditions have to be satisfied, before an inter-system Handover can be conducted. The best neighboring cell must fulfil following criterion (best according to Ec/No): AVE_RXLEV_NCell(n) > AdjgRxLevMinHO(n) + max(0, AdjgTxPwrMaxTCH(n) P_max) where AVE_RXLEV _Ncell(n) is the averaged GSM carrier RSSI value of the GSM neighbor cell(n), averaging done directly from dBm values (no linear averaging); FMCG: GSMMeasAveWindow / 6, 132 meas report. AdjgRxLevMinHO(n) determines the minimum Required RSSI (dBm) level of the neighbor cell(n). AdjgTxPwrMaxTCH(n) indicated the maximum Tx power level (dBm) an UE may use in GSM neighbor cell(n). P_MAX is the maximum UE power capability. If several GSM cells fulfil the equation above, cells are ranked based on HOPG: AdjgPriorityCoverage/0, range 07 A cell is ranked higher than another cell if it has a higher priority level even though its signal strength condition was worse Soc Classification level 39 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date Inter-system HO could be forbidden during the first measurements reports from

WCDMA-TO-GSM Handover message flow

Soc Classification level 40 Nokia Siemens Networks

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WCDMA to GPRS intersystem-cell Massage flow

Soc Classification level 41 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Handover 3G -> 2G
FMCG GSMcauseCPICHEcNo = 1 ( enable) GSMcauseCPICHrscp =1 (enable) FMCS HHoRscpThreshold = -105 (The parameter HHoRscpThreshold determines the absolute CPICH RSCP threshold which is used by the UE to trigger the reporting event 1F. When the measured CPICH RSCP of all active set cells has become worse than or equal to the threshold in question, the RNC starts inter-frequency or inter-RAT (GSM) measurements in compressed mode for the purpose of hard handover.) HHoRscpCancel = -102 HHoEcNoThreshold = -12 HHoEcNoCance l= -9 HHoEcNoCancelTime = 640 ms HHoRscpCancelTime = 640 ms HOPG AdjgRxLevMinHO = 95 This parameter determines the minimum required GSM RSSI level which the averaged RSSI value of the GSM neighbour cell must exceed before the coverage (or quality) reason handover to GSM is possible.

Soc Classification level 42 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Handover 3G -> 2G

Scope CMmasterSwitch MaxNumbUECMcoverHO PrxTarget PrxOffset PtxTarget PtxOffset

Configurable

Nokia Range

Default/T-Mobile UK

RNC WCEL WCEL WCEL WCEL WCEL

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

0 (false), 1 (true) 0 to 255 0 to 30 dB 0 to 6 dB -10 to 50 dBm 0 to 6 dB

1 16 4 dB 1 dB 40 dBm 1 dB

Soc Classification level 43 Nokia Siemens Networks

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GSM-to-WCDMA handover Message flow

Soc Classification level 44 Nokia Siemens Networks

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GPRS-to-WCDMA inter-system change message flow

Soc Classification level 45 Nokia Siemens Networks

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ISHO 2G -> 3G Parameters

Parameter min traffic load for speech call minimum CPICH Ec/Io level Specification name LOAD_THRESHOLD_FOR_SC_ IS_HO MIN_ECNO_THRESHOLD MIN_INTERVAL_BETWEEN_UN SUCC_ISHO_ATTEMPT Qsearch_C Nokia parameter utranHoThScTpdc (LTSC) minEcnoThreshold (MET) minIntUnsuccIsHo (UMIU) qSearchC (QSRC) Range 0-100% -240.5 dB 0255 s 015 Default value 80% -15 dB 3s 15 (never) rec. 7 (always)

Changeable

min interval between unsucc ISHO attempt threshold for multi-RAT MS

Specification name FDD_REP_QUANT 3G_SEARCH_PRIO Hidden FDD_MULTIRAT_REPORTING

Parameter explanation Indicates the reporting quantity for UTRAN FDD cells Indicates if 3G cells may be searched when BSIC decoding is required The number of cells from the access technology/mode FDD that shall be included in the measurement report Indicates the Qsearch value to be used in connected mode before Qsearch_C is received

Value range 0=RSCP, 1=EC/NO 0 = no, 1 = yes 03

Note Not tunable, Fixed value 1 Not tunable, Fixed value 1 Not tunable, Fixed value 2 Not tunable, Fixed value 0

Qsearch_C_Initial

0 = use Qsearch_I, 1 = (always)

Soc Classification level 46 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Handover 2G -> 3G

EN_3G_HO : YES A_ECNO_HO:8 ( number of SACH multiframe taken ECNO average) THR_ECNO_HO: Always 3G whatever ECNO FDD_MULTIRAT_REPORTING:2 EN_2G_3G_HO_NO_SERVICE_HO: Enable THR_CELL_LOAD_3G_REG :0 Soc Classification level THR_CELL_LOAD_3G_REJECT 47 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date :0

Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover: SRNS Relocation Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM Load Based from GSM to WCDMA

Soc Classification level 48 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Forced Handover for AMR Voice Call

AMR voice call setup in 3G

Feature can be used to push 3G AMR calls to 2G Extreme parameter setting for ISHO trigger cause UE Tx power (event 6A)

WCDMA forced handover to GSM GSM

FMCG: GSMcauseTxPwrUL FMCG: GsmUETxPwrThrAMR UE immediately answers

UE

[..]

RNC
RRC: RadioBearerSetup

RRC: RadioBearerSetupComplete RRC: MeasurementControl RRC: MeasurementReport (event 6A)

ISHO measurements with Measurement & HO to GSM Report sh means Handover, not Directed-Retry !
Soc Classification level 49 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Forced Handover for AMR Voice Call

FMCG: GSMcauseTxPwrUL
Range and step: 0 (False), 1 (True) Indicates whether a handover to GSM caused by high UE TX power level is enabled. The handover is enabled when the value of the parameter is "Used To enable feature, setting must be 1 (True)

FMCG: GsmUETxPwrThrAMR
Range and step: -60..0 dB This parameter determines the UE TX power threshold for a CS voice connection. If the handover to GSM caused by high UE TX power level is enabled, the RNC starts inter-RAT (GSM) measurements when the UE TX power reaches this threshold. The UE TX power threshold is relative to the maximum TX power level an UE can use on the DPCH in the cell (or the maximum RF output power capability of the UE, whichever is lower To enable feature, setting must be 60 dB

Soc Classification level 50 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Handover Control
Handover Types Intra-Frequency Handover: Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:
Measurement triggering Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements Compressed-Mode Inter-Frequency HO decision Inter-System HO decision Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM Load Base handover from GSM to WCDMA

Soc Classification level 51 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Load based Handover GSM -> WCDMA

Load of GSM cell
100% Load reason Speech Speechto toWCDMA WCDMA Handovers only with high only with highGSM GSMload load for speech More More capacity capacityfor for speech speech

80%

Packet PacketData Datato toWCDMA WCDMA regardless of GSM regardless of GSMload load

Higher Higherbit bitrates rates for data users for data users

Packet PacketBCCH BCCHparameters parameterscan canbe beused used to push GPRS mobiles to WCDMA to push GPRS mobiles to WCDMA 0%
Soc Classification level 52 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Load and Coverage Reason Handover

GSM high loaded
Load Loadreason reason Handover Handoverfor forspeech speech and for HSCSD and for HSCSD

WCDMA low loaded

WCDMA WCDMA can can be be used used to to relieve relieve GSM GSM overload overload GSM GSM can can be be used used to to extend extend WCDMA WCDMA coverage coverage area area

GSM GSM

GSM GSM WCDMA WCDMA

GSM GSM WCDMA WCDMA WCDMA WCDMA

GSM GSM

GSM GSM Load reason Handover

Soc Classification level 53 Nokia Siemens Networks

GSM GSM Coverage reason Handover

Mobile moving

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Load based Handover Process: GSM-> WCDMA

Handover HandoverTriggering TriggeringThresholds Thresholdsset setin inBSC BSCthe mobile

Parameters are sent from the BSC to

The TheRXLEV RXLEVof ofthe theserving servingcell cellis isabove aboveor or below belowthe thegiven giventhreshold thresholdQsearch_C Qsearch_C The number of GSM neighbor reported could be 3-

in the Measurement Information In themessage S10.5 MS is measuring the UTRAN cells Inter-RAT continuously if they are defined as a neighbor , Inter-RATmeasurements measurementsstarts startsin incase case depending on the set value of parameter FDD_MULTIRAT_REPORT (0,1,2=def,3).

Handover HandoverDecision Decisionis isdone donein incase caseof of The load is measured in the cell Load Loadof ofthe theserving servingcell cell> >Load_Threshold Load_Threshold level by comparing the occupied and andCPICH CPICHEc/No> Ec/No>min minEc/No Ec/NoThreshold Threshold TCHs to the available TCHs (20 s

interval used)

Load Threshold for Speech Calls or Transparent Data inter-RAT Handover: utranHoThScTpdc (Min Traffic Handover Handovercommand commandis issend sendto toMSC MSC Load TDHO), default = 80% minEcnoThreshold (Min CPICH Soc Classification level EC/NO Threshold), default 15 54 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

MS MSselects selectsthe thetarget targetUTRAN UTRANcell cellbased based on measurement results on measurement results

Reselection Control in Idle Mode

Reselection from WCDMA to GSM

Reselection from GSM to WCDMA

Soc Classification level 55 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Cell Reselection: Measurement Rules

SsearchRAT m Sintersearch Sintrasearch
Sx=Squal (in FDD mode)

Intrafrequency Interfreqency Inter-RAT

Intra-frequency Inter-frequency

Intrafrequency

No need to measure neighbour cells

Squal = CPICH Ec/No -qQualMin

EC/N0 =

-14 dB
SintraSearch: 0...20; def.: 10 dB SinterSearch: 0...20; def.: 8 dB Ssearch_RAT: 0...20; def.: 4 dB
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-10 dB

-8 dB

Example: NSN Qqualmin = -18 dB, Sintrasearch = 10dB, Sintersearch = 8dB, Ssearch_RAT = 4dB
Soc Classification level 56 Nokia Siemens Networks

When to perform measurements

QqualMin: -24...0; def.: -18 dB

serving cell

Cell Reselection 3G -> 2G

CPICH EcNo

UE starts GSM measurements if CPICH Ec/No < qQualMin + sSearchRAT Serving WCDMA cell First ranking of all the cells based on calculation, with CPICH RSCP (WCDMA) and RSSI (GSM) hysteresis parameter Rs = CPICH RSCP + Qhyst1 Rn= Rxlev(n) - Qoffset1 Neighbour WCDMA or GSM cell calculation with offset parameter

SintraSearch SinterSearch SsearchRAT qQualMin

No

Rn (GSM) > Rs (WCDMA) And Rxlev (GSM) >QrxlevMin Second ranking only for WCDMA cells based on CPICH Ec/No Rs = CPICH Ec/No + Qhyst2 Rn=CPICH_Ec/No(n)-Qoffset2
Soc Classification level 57 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Yes

Cell re-selection to GSM Cell re-selection to WCDMA cell of highest R value

Cell Reselection 3G -> 2G

UE ranks the serving cell and the measured neighboring cells to find out if reselection should be made
All the measured suitable cells (S-criteria) are included in the ranking. Criteria for a suitable cell (S-criteria) is defined as
WCDMA intra-frequency neighbor cell:
CPICH Ec/No > AdjsQqualmin and CPICH RSCP > AdjsQrexlevmin

WCDMA inter-frequency cell:

CPICH Ec/No > AdjiQqualmin and CPICH RSCP > AdjiQrexlevmin

GSM cell:
Rxlev > Qrxlevmin

Ranking is done using Criteria R, and the UE reselects to the cell with highest Rcriteria. R-criteria is defined as:
For serving cell: Rs = Qmeas,s + Qhysts For neighboring cell Rn = Qmeas,n Qoffsetts,n Qmeas is CPICH Ec/No for WCDMA cell and RxLev for GSM cell

Soc Classification level 58 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Cell Reselection 3G -> 2G

There is no timer defined how long the GSM should be fulfilling the re-selection criteria However there is running average of 4 GSM measurements which provides some protection against ping pong (time vice based on DRX cycle length and as sliding window average) In case additional protection is needed it can be arranged by using the Qhyst1 parameter (for WCDMA serving cell RSCP) or AdjgQoffset1 (for GSM neighbor ing cell RxLev)

First ranking of all the cells based on CPICH RSCP (WCDMA) and RSSI (GSM) Rs = CPICH RSCP + Qhyst1 Rn= Rxlev(n) - Qoffset1

Soc Classification level 59 Nokia Siemens Networks

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How to avoid ping pong ?

When phone is camped on 3G, GSM measurements can start when CPICH Ec/Io of serving cell is below Ssearch_RAT + QqualMin. When phone is camped on GSM, cell reselection to 3G is possible if CPICH Ec/Io of the candidate is above FDD_Qmin. Therefore, to avoid ping pongs between 3G and GSM the following condition should be met:
CPICH Ec/Io

FDD_Qmin >= QqualMin+Ssearch_RAT

QqualMin +Ssearch_RAT
Ssearch_RAT=4 dB

FDD_Qmin >= -12 dB

QqualMin=-18 dB

Camping on 3G

Camping on GSM Camping on 3G t

Soc Classification level 60 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Reselection Control in Idle Mode

Cell Reselection from WCDMA to 2G in Idle mode Cell Reselection from GSM to WCDMA in Idle mode

Soc Classification level 61 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Cell Reselection 2G -> 3G

Cell Reselect ion List BCCH: FDD_Qm in, FDD_Qoffset
GSM MS starts WCDMA measurements if : at least every 5 s RLA_C< F(Qsearch_I) for 0<Qsearch_I<=7 or RLA_C> F(Qsearch_I) for 7<Qsearch_I<=15

check

Measurement Updates: RLC_C value of the serving cell + least 6 strongest non serving GSM ce
Fdd_Qoffset: select allways (value is -infinity)

If, for suitable UMTS cell & for a period of 5 s: no priorities between CPICH RSCP > RLA_C + FDD_Qoffset WCDMA and neighbors CPICH Ec/No FDD_Qmin
Soc Classification level 62 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

WCDMA cell reselection

FDD_Qmin= -12 dB

Cell Re-selection Parameters

Qsearch_I and Qsearch_P define the threshold for non-GPRS/GPRS (respectively) capable

UEs to measure 3G neighbour cells when a running average of the received downlink signal level (RLA_C) of the serving cell is below (0-7) or above (8-15) the threshold Valu e dBm 0 -98 1 -94 6 -74 7
Alway s

8 -78

9 -74

10 -70

14 -54

15 Never

If RLA_C < -94 UE starts 3G measurements

FDD_Qoffset and FDD_GPRS_Offset the non-GPRS/GPRS (respectively) capable UEs

UE always measures 3G cells

If RLA_C > -70 UE starts 3G measurements

add this offset to the RLA_C of the GSM cells. After that the UE compares the measured RSCP values of 3G cells with signal levels of the GSM cells Value dBm
Always select irrespective of Soc Classification level RSCP value 64 Nokia Siemens Networks

0 -always

1 -28

2 -24

3 -20

8 0

14 24

15 28

Presentation / Author / Date

Reselect in case RSCP > GSM RXLev (RLA_C) +28dB

Cell Re-selection Parameters

FDD_Qmin, defines minimum Ec/No threshold that a 3G cell must exceed, in order the UE makes a cell reselection from 2G to 3G. This is the new mapping table

Fdd_Qmin mapping Aif parameter 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fdd_Qmin (old) [dB] -20 -19 -18 -17 -16 -15 -14 -13 Fdd_Qmin (new) [dB] -20 -6 -18 -8 -16 -10 -14 -12

FDD_REP_QUANT defines the reporting quantity for UTRAN cell (1=Ec/No or 0=RSCP, default 1). This parameter is non-configurable 3G_Search_PRIO parameter allows to extend the BSIC reporting interval from 10 s to 13s by checking the BSICs from non-serving BCCH carriers and also make WCDMA measurements as often as possible. Range is 0=no, 1=yes, default value .This parameter is hidden and it can not be tuned
Defined in the SI2quater and PSI3quater if PBCCH is allocated

FDD_(GPRS) FDD_REP_ 3G_search_ FDD_(GPRS) FDD_REP_ 3G_search_ Parameter Qsearch_I Qsearch_P Qsearch_P FDD_QMin ParameterQsearch_I Qsearch_P Qsearch_P FDD_QMinQoffset QUANT PRIO Qoffset QUANT PRIO 2(3)quarter Name for 2(3)quarter Name for 2quater 2ter 2quater 2ter 2quater 2quater 2quater 3quater 3quater 2ter 2quater 2ter (PBCCH) Sys Info (SI) (PBCCH) Sys Info (SI)
Soc Classification level 65 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Cell Reselection 2G -> 3G

Recommended parameters
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. En_2G_TO_3G_Cell_Reselection: Enable with 3G search activated FDD_Qmin=-12 FDD_Qoffset=-24 FDD_GPRS_Qoffset=-24 FDD_Qmin_Offset:0 FDD_RSCPmin=-102 Qsearch 8. 9. 10.
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Qsearch_c: cells Qsearch_I cells Q_Search_p cells

Always search for 3G neighbour :Always search for 3G neighbour Always search for 3G neighbour

Qsearch_P_PTM Always search for 3G neighbour cells

EN_CPICP_2G_3G_RELECTION: RSCP & ECNO EN_FAST_3G_ReLECTION: Fast 3G cell reselection is used EN_2G_TO_3GTDD_CELL_RESELECTION: Disable

Soc Classification level 66 Nokia Siemens Networks

TRIAL STRATEGY
Trial Strategy for preventing any negative effects of 3G trials on 2G performance: 1. Cell selection/Reselection from 2G to 3G only done manually. Automatic selection/reselection is disable at 2G site 2. In idle mode after 3G network selected UE is camped only to 3G network if quality of 3G is very good( CPICH RSCP=105 or CPICH EcNo>=-7 by set QQualMin=-14 and SSearchRat=8 3. In 3G dedicated mode UE will handover to 2G if CPICH EcNo of 3G site below -8 dB. 4. Two ways Ho 2G 3G are enable for PS service

Soc Classification level 67 Nokia Siemens Networks

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